What is the computer
hardware
Hardware (Hardware) i.e. all tangible physical objects present in the computer. Circuits, computer chips, cards, sound cards, memory (RAM), motherboard, monitor, power supply, cables, keyboard, mouse, printer and input device, etc. are all hardware.
An ordinary computers contain four main parts : the arithmetic unit (ALU, Arithmetic logic unit), the controller (CU, Control unit), memory (Memory) and input and output devices (the Input / the Output Device) . Wherein the arithmetic unit (ALU), a controller (the CU), a register (Processor Register) consisting of a central computer processor.
- The input device (Input Device): When the unprocessed data transmitted to the computer with the help of the input device, data is processed and sent to the output device. The input device may be operated manually or automatically. The main processing behavior is controlled by the CPU. The main role of the command is to provide data.
- A central processing unit (CPU, Central Processing Unit): is an electronic circuit in a computer, by performing basic arithmetic, logic, control, and input / output (I / O) operations to execute instructions of a computer program. By the base unit operator, controllers, registers and so on.
- Arithmetic unit (ALU): an arithmetic logic unit within the processor is a digital circuit, performs integer arithmetic and bitwise logical operations (arithmetic and logic operations).
- The controller (CU): the control unit (commonly referred to as a control system or central controller) of the various components of the management computer; it reads and interprets (decodes) the program instructions, converts them into control signals to activate other portions of the computer.
- Register (Register): register is limited storage capacity high-speed storage means, they can be used for temporarily storing commands, data and addresses. In a computer system, a processor register is a computer central processing unit to quickly access the available positions, is an integral part of the CPU. CPU reads data directly from the register, faster transmission speed. (Note: the relationship between the CPU, registers, cache, memory: the CPU <-> register <-> buffer <-> memory)
- Memory (MMU): storage of programs and data device. Most high-end microprocessors (desktops, laptops, servers, computer) has a memory management unit which converts the logical address into a physical address RAM provides memory protection and paging functions, very useful for virtual memory. Simpler processor, particularly a microcontroller, typically do not include MMU. Memory (each memory cell of a Cell: 8-bit binary).
- An output device (Output): The computer provides an output method called output device. The main role of the data output processing.
software
Software (Software) is a collection of computer data and instructions in accordance with a specific sequence of tissue. In general, the software is divided into the system software, application software, and middleware is interposed between the two. Software can not just included in the computer (the computer here is the generalized computer) computer programs running on the documents associated with these computer programs are generally considered to be part of the software. Simply put, an aggregate of software programs that add documents.
Binary
byte
- 8 bit = 1 B
- 1024 B =1 KB
- 1024 KB =1 MB
- 1024 MB = 1 GB
- 1024 GB = 1 TB
Common DOS command
- Enter the DOS operating window
- After opening the DOS command line, you see a path c: \ user it means that we are now operating the disk drive c.
- Common Commands
