1. Computer Overview
1.1 What is a computer?
Computer (Computer) Full name: computer, commonly known as the computer. Is a modern intelligent electronic devices capable of running in accordance with procedures, automatic, high-speed processing of massive data. Hardware and software, with no installation of any computer software called bare metal. Common form of desktop computers, notebook computers, computers and the like.
Computer applications has penetrated into all areas of society, it is changing the way people work, learn and way of life, and promote the development of society.
? What
summarize, use of computers, mainly in the following areas:
1, scientific computing
is numerical. For example, to calculate the trajectory of the satellite, calculated seismic strength of buildings, rockets, spacecraft study design are inseparable accurate calculation of the computer.
2, data processing
in science and engineering technology, will get a lot of raw data, including a large number of pictures, text, sound and other information processing that data collection, classification, sorting, storage, computing, transmission, tabulation and other operations .
3, automatic control of
the automatic control means for automatic operation of a process by a computer, it does not require human intervention, to a predetermined target for person and a predetermined state of process control.
For example, control of unmanned aircraft, missiles, satellites and other spacecraft and aircraft, are relying on computer-implemented.
4, computer-aided design
computer aided design (Computer Aided Design, referred to as CAD) refers. With the help of a computer, it can be automatically or semi-automatically complete all kinds of engineering design work.
Currently CAD technology has been used in aircraft design, ship design, architectural design, mechanical design, LSI design.
In the survey and design of the Beijing-Kowloon Railway, the use of computer-aided design system to draw a drawing in just a few hours, the same work will have to be done manually in the past week or more.
Visible using computer-aided design, reduce design time, improve efficiency, save manpower, material and financial resources, more importantly, improve design quality.
5, artificial intelligence
AI (Artificial Intelligence, referred to as AI) refers to some theoretical computer simulation of human intelligence behavior, technology and applications.
For example, using some of the features the computer simulation of the human brain thinking learning, reasoning, and decision-making Lenovo, the computer has a certain "thinking ability."
6, multimedia applications
with the development of electronic technology, especially communications and computer technology, people have been able to text, audio, video, animation, graphics, and images of various media together to build up a new concept - "Multimedia" (Multimedia).
For example, some flash advertising, web games.
7, computer network
computer network is composed of a number of independent and interconnected computers exchange information with the ability to achieve resource sharing system. Such as the use of bank credit cards in the country, the use of train and plane tickets and other systems.
1.2 What is the hardware?
Computer Hardware (Computer Hardware) is a generic name for a variety of physical devices in a computer system by the electrical, mechanical and other components of the photovoltaic element. These physical devices constituting an organic whole configuration of a system according to claim material base as computer software running.
The computer typically composed of multiple parts CPU, motherboard, memory, power supply, the main chassis, a hard disk, graphics card, keyboard, mouse, display and other components
1.3 What is software?
Computer software is something essential to the process computer, the computer software can make a computer according to the scheduled sequence prior to complete certain functions, the computer software for the system is divided according to their function software application software and
system software: DOS (Disk Operating System) , Windows, Linux, Unix, Mac , Android, iOS
applications: office QQ YY language chat Minesweeper
2. Overview of software development and computer language
A: What is Software
The computer data collection order and instructions specific tissue
B: What is the development
Software production process
C: What is the Software Development
With development tools and production software computer language
D: What is the language
A variety of expression symbol humans communicate, and facilitate communication between people and information exchange
E: What is the computer language
A special language to communicate information communication between people and computers
computer languages are also characters, symbols and so on
common computer languages such as C, C ++, C #, JAVA
3. Human-Computer Interaction
The emergence of software to achieve better interaction between people and computers
in two ways human-computer interaction:
a: graphical interface manner : This way is simple and intuitive, easy to accept the user, the operation is easy to use
b: command line: The need for a console, enter a specific command, allow the computer to perform some action. More trouble, some commands need to record live
4. The keyboard function keys and shortcut keys!
A:键盘功能键
a:Tab
b:Shift
c:Ctrl
d:Alt
e:空格
f:Enter
g:Window
h:上下左右键
B:键盘快捷键
a:Ctrl+A 全选
b:Ctrl+C 复制
c:Ctrl+V 粘贴
d:Ctrl+X 剪切
e:Ctrl+Z 撤销
f:Ctrl+S 保存
h:Alt+F4 关闭窗口
i:window+R 运行
n:window+E 打开我的电脑
l:window+TAB 在打开的项目之间切换
g:Ctrl+Alt+Del 注销/任务管理器
k:SHIFT+DELETE 永久删除
r:拖动某一项时按CTRL复制所选项目
5. How to Open a DOS console!
win+r--cmd--回车
6. Common DOS command to explain!
A: d: 回车 盘符切换
B: dir(directory):列出当前目录下的文件以及文件夹
C: cd (change directory)改变指定目录(进入指定目录)
注意： 跨盘进入需要加一个 /d参数 例子： cd /d D:\software\cs1.6
D: cd.. : 退回到上一级目录 回退多级目录 cd ../../
E: cd\: 退回到根目录
F: cls : (clear screen)清屏
G: exit : 退出dos命令行
h:ipconfig /all 查看本机IP 网卡物理地址等信息
I:calc 打开计算器
n:mspaint 打开画板
k:notepad 打开记事本
j:hostname 获取计算机名称
m:getmac 获取物理网卡地址
md (make directory) : 创建目录
rd (remove directory): 删除目录
del (delete): 删除文件,删除一堆后缀名一样的文件*.txt
Delete the folder with its contents can not be deleted so add the following parameters
rd + /s 文件夹名称 (询问是否删除)
rd + /q + /s 文件夹名称 (直接删除)
in the next section to learn java is the third part of the entry: java fundamental part of the language
