Linux kernel compilation (Ubuntu, for example

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LINUX kernel compile

1, obtaining linux kernel source

Linux kernel's official website

Open a terminal, enter the command in the download directory

 sudo tar -xvf linux*.tar.xz -C /usr/src

Extract to /usr/srcfolder

2, select and start the kernel configuration program

Open a terminal, enter the command cd /usr/src/linux-5.0
(the last one you downloaded the linux kernel source code folder name)

Prepare the environment to enter the command

sudo apt-get install kernel-package build-essential libncurses5-dev fakeroot

Enter the command sudo make menuconfig(text selection interface, character terminal)
(PS: Please install in advance make，gcc，bison，flex，libncurses-dev.
Installation is, sudo apt-get install make(can be replaced by the corresponding name)

FIG open

The kernel module and configure parameters (default can)

To change, refer to the following
1, Loadable module support is provided for supporting a loadable module.

Enable loadable module support(y)
Set version info on all module symbols (n)
Kernel module loader(y)

2、 Processor type and features

设置CPU的类型
	Processor family
选择CPU类型
	High Memory Support (n)
	Math emulation (n)
	MTTR support: (n)
	Symmetric multi-processing support (n)

3 General setup

对普通的一些属性进行设置。
		Networking support:(y)
		PCI support(y)
		PCI access mode PCI卡存取模式: BIOS、Direct和Any
		Support for hot-pluggable devices (n)
		PCMCIA/CardBus support (n)

. 4 Parallel port support 并口支持 (y)
. 5 Plug and Play configuration:即插即用配置(y)
. 6 Block Devices option device support block

   Normal PC floppy disk support 软盘支持(y)
   Network block device support 网络块设备支持(y)

7 Networking options select TCP / IP networking options
8 Network device support options support network devices

例如:使用Realtek 8139网卡
	Ethernet(10 or 100Mbit) (y)
	RealTeck RTL-8139 PCI Fast Ethernet Adapter support (y)

9 Mice Mouse settings options: serial, PS / 2 mouse and other types
10 File systems file system type.

DOS FAT fs 选项:FAT16, FAT32
NTFS file system support
/proc file system support: (y)

11.Sound sound card driver options: sound card models
support 12.USB support USB interface, be selected.

4, recompile the new kernel

sudo make clean        （清除旧的编译结果
sudo make bzImage  

5, compile and install modules

sudo make modules
sudo make modules_install
(模块被编译且安装到 /usr/lib/<内核版本号> 目录下。
sudo make install

6, start the new kernel

Configuring grub, grub boot information update

sudo update-grub

The default configuration may be as follows

cp bzImage /boot/bzImage

LILO

配置/etc/lilo.conf
image=/boot/bzImage
label=newLinux build by Zhang San Feb.28, 2012

Commands #liloto validate the configuration
GRUB (the release-related)

配置/boot/grub/grub.conf
title newLinux build by Zhang San Feb.28, 2012
root (hd0,1)
kernel /boot/bzImage ro root=/dev/hda2

Modify the default boot kernel (turn

Ubuntu 18.04+windows10Dual system

To change the default kernel to boot, you can do the following:

1. Open the file / etc / default / grub.

2. Change the value GRUB_DEFAULT you want to index the selected menu options.

For example, during startup of the GRUB menu are:

Ubuntu

Advanced options for Ubuntu

Windows 10 (loader) (on /dev/sda1)

system setup

My “Advananced options for Ubuntu”sub-menu is as follows:

Ubuntu, with Linux 4.13.0-26-generic

Ubuntu, with Linux 4.13.0-26-generic (upstart)

Ubuntu, with Linux 4.13.0-26-generic (recovery mode)

Ubuntu, with Linux 4.10.0-42-generic

Ubuntu, with Linux 4.10.0-42-generic (upstart)

Ubuntu, with Linux 4.10.0-42-generic (recovery mode)

grep 'menuentry' /boot/grub/grub.cfg（也可通过这个命令查看

Now, the first option is index 0, second is 1, and the third is 2, and so on. (Ie Ubuntu GRUB menu is 0, Advanced options for Ubuntu 1, ...)

In my case, I want to select “Advanced options for Ubuntu”sub-menu “Ubuntu, with Linux 4.10.0-42-generic”( "Before the old version of the kernel")

Set up sudo /etc/default/grub

The GRUB_DEFAULTset:

GRUB_DEFAULT = “1> 3”

Using '>'symbols to designate a sub-menu (Note 3 spaces between symbols> and numbers, it is necessary to double quotation marks). In this case, I chose the second option (index 1) in the main menu, select the fourth option (Index 3) in the submenu.

3. Once /etc/default/grubmade changes, save and run the following command to update the GRUB configuration file (must be, or do not take effect):

sudo update-grub
4. Restart should now be the default boot the old kernel version.

Increase system calls (LINUX-4.4.177 as an example

1, increase system calls

enter cd /usr/src/linux-4.4.177

Into the sudo gedit kernel/sys.cwrite function (the lowermost
of which, sys_after the name of their own take, I get testFuction, remember the name

2. Modify the header file, add the system call declaration

modifysudo gedit include/linux/syscalls.h

4. Add the system call table

Modify sudo vim arch/x86/entry/syscalls/syscall_64.tbl

Next to compile a new kernel

Test System Call

Slim kernel

The original make menuconfigchange make localmodconfigto complete the streamlining

make localmodconfigExecutes the lsmodcommand to check the current system load which modules ( Modules), and finally the original .configunwanted module removed, leaving only the front lsmodout of the modules, thereby simplifying the configuration of the core.

Delete kernel (for example to 4.9.165

sudo rm -rf /lib/modules/4.9.165

sudo rm -rf /usr/src/linux-headers-4.9.165

sudo rm /boot/*4.9.165*

sudo rm /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-headers-4.9.165*

sudo rm -rf /usr/src/linux-4.9.165

sudo update-grub