Character class [: alnum:] = [A-zA-Z0- . 9 ] [: Alpha:] = [A-ZA- the Z] [: digit for:] = [ 0 - . 9 ] [: Lower:] = [A- Z] [: Upper:] = [A- the Z] [: xdigit:] = [fA-A-F0- . 9 ] repeating metacharacter * => = 0 + => = 1 = { 1 } = {? 0 , . 1 } {} n-specified number {n-,} => = n- {n-, m} => = n-and <= m