First, the disk structure
1, the physical structure of the hard disk (1-3)
Disk: a plurality of hard disks, each disk 2 side.
Head: the head on each side a
2, the hard disk data structure
Sector: the disc area is divided into a plurality of sectors, each sector storing 512 bytes of data
Track: the same concentric circles of different radii of the disk
Cylindrical: cylindrical surface of different radius of the disk made of the same
3, the storage capacity of a hard disk head * = Number of tracks (cylinders) * the number of sectors per track * bytes per sector
4, hard disk capacity: as a data memory of a computer system, capacity of the hard disk capacity of the most important parameters in megabytes (MB), or gigabytes (GB) as a unit.
5, hard disk speed:
Speed is the number of turns per minute disk platter rotation, in rpm
Second, the disk interface
1, IDE (Parallel) personal level
2, SATA (serial) personal level
high speed
Strong error correction capability
One to one connections, exclusive broadband
Hot-swappable
3, SCSI enterprise
Fast speed
Low CPU utilization resources
4、 FC
5, SAS Enterprise
Compatibility, data transfer rates
Three, MBR
1, the definition: the master boot record / start Active / Active boot record
2, location: MBR located in a first physical sector of the hard disk
3, MBR includes a hard dominant program (446B) and the hard disk partition table (64B). Partition table recording area 4 partitions, each partition representing recording region 16 bytes of 64 bytes, 446 bytes for storing the master boot program, 2-byte checksum.
Fourth, the disk partition represents
First, the file system type
1, XFS file system
Organize files stored to the file system partition mode, when the file system is formatted partition is formed:
Store file and directory data partition
Journaling file system performance (data recovery)
cenOS 7 default XFS system used, centOS 6 ext4 system default human use, centOS 5 system default ext3 human use.
2, SWAP, swap file system
The establishment of swap partition for Linux systems, similar to the windows system's virtual cache
Memory: 2 ~ 4G SWAP: 1.5 ~ 2 times, RAM: 4 ~ 8G SWAP and memory are equal, N is greater than the memory 8G SWAP: 8G
Orade database must be installed to limit SWAP 2 times the memory
1, other file system types supported by Linux
FATI6、 FAT32、NIFS、XFS、JFS….
(4G) (4G) (ntf-3g)
Second, to detect and confirm the new drive the fdisk - L command
Format: fdisk the -l
Third, zoning hard disk fdisk command
New hard disk on the virtual machine
Use fdisk partition
fdisk /dev/sdb