Nginx a variety of load balancing strategy to build

Others 2019-06-27 23:31:29 views: null

Background

The first part describes the use Nginx reverse proxy load balancing, load balancing This paper describes several strategies under Nginx.

polling

Poll, by definition, in turn request, based on the introduction of articles, we will focus on load balancing strategy default.confdocument upstream.

upstream backend {
    server web02:80;
    server web03:80;
}

In the browser of localhost:8080the continuous request, according to the request log can be seen nginx web02 web03 number of times access is the same.

web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:10:03:06 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web02    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:10:03:06 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:10:03:07 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web03    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:10:03:07 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web02    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:10:05:25 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:10:05:25 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web03    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:10:05:26 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:10:05:26 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web02    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:10:05:27 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:10:05:27 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:10:05:27 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web03    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:10:05:27 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"

WRR

Polling is weighted based on the above polling, with a certain weight, such that the number of a server to be forwarded more, by weight to achieve the weighting IP rearward splicing.

upstream backend {
    server web02:80 weight=5;
    server web03:80 weight=1;
}

The larger the value of the weight, the more the allocated request, the request of the log can be seen web02 nginx be accessed eight times, web03 is visited twice.

web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:13 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web02    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:13 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web02    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:16 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:16 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:16 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web02    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:16 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:17 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web03    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:17 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:17 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web02    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:17 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web02    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:18 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:18 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:19 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web02    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:19 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:19 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web02    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:19 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:20 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web02    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:20 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web03    | 172.24.0.3 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:20 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [26/Jun/2019:14:48:20 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"

ip_hash

If the request a client may be forwarded to any server may cause each server caches the information about the client, the more waste of resources, ip_hash role is to calculate the key through the first three parts of the client IP in order to forwarding the request to the client with a specified server, the method of configuration is relatively simple, only need to upstreamadd a line to the top.

upstream backend {
    ip_hash;
    server web02:80;
    server web03:80;
}

5 times repeat request, request to see the log has been locked in a web03.

web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:48:15 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web03    | 172.24.0.2 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:48:15 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "172.24.0.1"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:48:22 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web03    | 172.24.0.2 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:48:22 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "172.24.0.1"
web03    | 172.24.0.2 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:48:23 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "172.24.0.1"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:48:23 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web03    | 172.24.0.2 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:48:24 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "172.24.0.1"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:48:24 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:48:24 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web03    | 172.24.0.2 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:48:24 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "172.24.0.1"

url_hash

This model is the url hash, and then navigate to a specific server, the same url will always be forwarded to the same server.

upstream backend {
    hash $request_uri;
    server web02:80;
    server web03:80;
}

By accessing twice browser http://localhost:8080, you can see forward through the log is fixed at the web03.

web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:58:31 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web03    | 172.24.0.4 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:58:31 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web03    | 172.24.0.4 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:58:38 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:58:38 +0000] "GET / HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"

Splicing some of the parameters behind the link, you can see the changes forward, fixed on the web02, with the change of parameters, the request will be forwarded to the polling way server, but used the url will not visit again changed.

web02    | 172.24.0.4 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:59:54 +0000] "GET /?a=1 HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:59:54 +0000] "GET /?a=1 HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web02    | 172.24.0.4 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:59:55 +0000] "GET /?a=1 HTTP/1.0" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"
web01    | 172.24.0.1 - - [27/Jun/2019:11:59:55 +0000] "GET /?a=1 HTTP/1.1" 304 0 "-" "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/74.0.3729.169 Safari/537.36" "-"

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