We all know that IPV4 and IPV6, then in the end what is the difference between where they do? Our detailed narrative about.
1, Address:
the IPV4: a length of 32 bits (4 bytes). By the network address and a host part, depending on the address class. The first few address, the address may define various categories: A, B, C, D or E. The total number of IPv4 addresses is 4294967296.
IPV6: 128 bits (16 bytes). The basic architecture of the digital network is a 64-bit, 64-bit digital host. Typically, IPv6 address (or portion thereof) derived from a host MAC address section or other interface identification.
According to subnet prefix, IPv6 architecture is more complicated than the architecture of IPv4.
The number of IPv6 addresses than IPv4 address a large number of 1028 (79,228,162,514,264 337,593,543,950,336) times.
2, the address assignment:
the IPV4: Initially, the address allocated by the network class. With the consumption of the address space, using the "Classless Inter-Domain Routing" (CIDR) be less allocation. Not distributed equally addresses between institutions and countries or regions.
IPV6: distribution is still in its early stages. "Internet Engineering Task Force" (IETF) and "Internet Architecture Board" (IAB) recommendation basically assign a / 48 subnet prefix length for each organization, family or entity. It will retain 16 Organization for subnetting. Address space is large enough, can provide its own a / 48 subnet prefix length for every person in the world.
3, life cycle:
the IPV4: In addition to the addresses assigned using DHCP, manual configuration class permanent survival.
IPV6: IPv6 address has two lifetime: Preferred lifetime and valid lifetime, preferred lifetime and always less effective survival. After the preferred lifetime expires, if there is equally good preferred address is available, the address is no longer used as a source IP address of the new connection. After the valid lifetime expires, the address is no longer valid as the destination IP address of the incoming packet or source IP address.
4, ARP:
the IPV4: IPv4 use ARP to find the physical address associated with an IPv4 address (e.g., MAC address or link).
IPV6: IPv6 using Internet Control Message Protocol version 6 (ICMPv6) embedded into these IP stateless autoconfiguration itself as part of the algorithm and the Neighbor Discovery.
5, address type:
the IPV4: the IPv4 address is divided into three basic types: unicast address, multicast and broadcast addresses.
IPV6: IPv6 address is divided into three basic types: unicast address, multicast address, and anycast address.
6, DNS:
IPV4: the application uses the socket API gethostbyname () accepts a host name, and then use DNS to obtain an IP address. Applications also accept IP address, and then use DNS and gethostbyaddr () to get the host name. For IPv4, the reverse lookup domain is in-addr.arpa.
IPV6: also supports IPv6. Use AAAA (four A) record type and reverse lookup (IP to name) support IPv6. Applications can choose (if) receiving the address from the IPv6 DNS, and then (if) to communicate using IPv6.
Socket API gethostbyname () only supports IPv4. For IPv6, the new getaddrinfo () API to acquire an IPv6 only, or both IPv4 and IPv6 address acquisition (selection application). For IPv6, the reverse lookup domain is used for ip6.arpa, if not found, it will use ip6.int.
7, Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol:
IPV4: the DHCP for dynamic IP address and other configuration information. IBM i supports the use of DHCP server for IPv4.
IPV6: IPv6 is not supported by DHCP IBM i implementation. However, you can use the ISC DHCP server implementation.
Excerpt from:
https://blog.csdn.net/chao199512/article/details/86139714
assistant: Madina
Reprinted: http://www.ie-lab.cn/