View disk information command fdisk -l Disk capacity = * cylinder size cylinder number Cylinder size minimum unit of sector = sector number * * barbed heads Number Disk capacity = the minimum unit of sector sector number * * * Number thorn cylinder number 512632551305 The current system disk capacity: 10733990400 centos directory structure LS / which files or directories under the root directory view Bin directory of the executable file sbin root user to store executable directory etc Profile Boot boot file Ordinary home users home directory The core lib file system Lib64 core file system dev directory device mnt temporary directory mount point root root user's home directory tmp temporary directory (not the more important documents to which this method) var variable var repository of files or directories often change A =. 1 usr shared resource directory (usually software installation, the default directory) Document Management linux command classification Internal command cd pwd ... external command ls mkdir ... Help command Internal Command: help command name External command: man command name man mkdir After entering help document, point q to quit Create a directory mkdir = make directories grammar: mkdir [options] directory name Example: mkdir qy97 Create multi-level directory instance: mkdir -p spring/springmvc/config mkdir -p aaa/bbb/ccc Learn to see help documentation - the p-explanation: -p, - Parents no error if existing, make parent directories as needed Remove directory rmdir= remove directory Syntax (only delete empty directories) rmdir directory name Example: rmdir aaa/bbb/ccc rmdir aaa/bbb rmdir aaa Modify the directory name mv = move grammar: mv To modify the name of the directory after directory name changes (does not exist) Example: etc. qy97 qy971 Copy directory cp = copy grammar: cp - r directory name Example: cp -r qy971 spring ls /tmp ls / can cp -r / var / db / / tmp ls /tmp ls / can Look under directory ls = list grammar: ls [directory name] Example: ls to view all the contents of the current directory LS / etc view all content (absolute path) etc directory LS / etc / sysconfig / Network-scripts to see / etc / sysconfig / network- all files in the scripts directory LS spring / current directory exists relative path may be used to view the spring the Spring LS / SpringMVC - all the files in a directory view, including hidden files -a, - All do not Starting with the ignore entries It. - L displays all files in a directory in long format (Show Details file or directory) LS - L can be simplified as LL - T flashback sorted by update display contents of the directory ls -a /etc ls -l /etc LS -l -t / etc -LT-equivalent to the LS / etc Change directory cd = change directory grammar: cd directory name Example: cd What parameters should be switched to the current user's home directory switching ordinary users su admin cd into the general user's home directory The output of pwd / Home / ADMIN Switch to the parent directory cd .. CD .. /../ switch to the parent directory superordinate cd spring relative path switch cd spring/springmvc CD / etc / switching absolute path cd /etc/sysconfig Create a file touch the file name Example: touch spring.xml touch spring/springmvc/config/springmvc.xml touch /tmp/spring.xml Copy files cp file name of the target position (target position does not exist, equivalent to rename the copy) Example: cp spring.xml spring cp spring.xml springmvc.xml cp springmvc.xml spring / springmvc / cp /root/spring.xml / var / log / ls / var / log If cp is a directory, then, you need to add - r Shear file (file moving) mv file name of the destination location Example: spring.xml qy971 Music Videos / moved to qy971 directory spring.xml mkdir /tmp/mydir mv /root/qy971/spring.xml /tmp/mydir/ ls /tmp/mydir/ Delete Files rm =remove Example: touch a.txt b.txt c.txt create multiple files Delete rm a.txt with a prompt RM -f b.txt -f = Force forced to delete without a prompt RM -rf qy971 -r = resursive forced to delete recursive to sum up: Whether it is a file or directory, you can use RM -rf file / directory Modify the file name mv qy97.txt qy97.log qy97.log certainly not a directory View the file contents View the entire contents of the file grammar: cat file name Example: cat install.log cat /etc/hosts Paged view file contents less file name more file name Example: less install.log more install.log enter key line by line to see Spacebar to view the content page by page Ctrl + f Next Ctrl + b Previous less and more little different, less use / view can not be more specific content q quit N front row view files grammar: head [ - n-] File Name Example: head HelloWorld.java default view the first 10 lines of HelloWorld.java head -1 HelloWorld.java head -11 HelloWorld.java After n rows view files grammar: tail [ - the n-] file name Example: tail HelloWorld.java tail -1 HelloWorld.java tail -5 HelloWorld.java Key uses - f HelloWorld.java real-time monitoring of the tail: Use the following command in a window, resulting in obstruction, has been monitoring HelloWorld.java tail: tail -f HelloWorld.java A link in a new window, execute the following command to observe the changes in the first window: date >> HelloWord.java Write to a file or additional content echo 'Hello World' corresponds to the console Linux print the java System.out.println ( "Hello World" ); js print Alert 'Hello World' Oracle print dbms_output.putline ( 'Hello World' ); >> Representative be appended to the original content to continue adding> representative of the original content written cover echo 'hello world' >> HelloWord.java hello world appended to the tail of HelloWord.java DATE >> HelloWord.java the current time is appended to the tail of HelloWord.java Soft and hard links ln = link make links between files grammar: Soft links LN - S source file name link Example: LN - S HelloWord.java hw.lnk to HelloWord.java create a shortcut name for hw.lnk cat hw.lnk soft links available rm -rf HelloWorld.java cat hw.lnk soft link is unavailable Hard links LN - d link source file name Example: LN - d HW.java hwa.lnk HW.java to create a hard link, named hwa.lnk rm -rf HW.java cat hwa.lnk normal use hard links Packing compression (decompression) Compression and decompression, there are two commands, can only file operations, can not operate directory gzip bzip2 tar package (directory) pressure / solution of the above two options for compression tar the option: - c compress the Create create - t List View compression - the X-decompression Extract the -Z manner using gzip gzip compression / solution compression -j bzip2 manner with bzip2 compression / solution compression -v verbose compression / de-compression display compression / decompression of files and directories - f File name of the document - directory path C directory specified decompression Compression packing grammar: tar -c the -z / J -v - the name of the f compression to compress the file or directory Example: takes - czvf spring.tar.gz spring take - czf springa.tar.gz running take - cjvf spring.tar.bz2 running View archive grammar: tar -t the -z / J -v - the name of the compression f Example: tar - tzvf springtargz take - tjvf spring.tar.bz2 unzip grammar: the tar the -X-the -Z / compressed j -v -f -C name after extracting the directory - C (if omitted, the default current directory) Example: takes -xzvf springa.tar.gz -C / was ls / can takes -xjvf spring.tar.bz2 -C / var / run ls / var / run