Most are currently centos5,6 linux servers use; however 7 in the near future will become mainstream, then I will provide you a detailed description of some common technical centos7.
Grasp the technology, you can easily play centos7.
note:
centos7 and centos6.5 different:
1. different network management
2. different service management
3. different firewall management
4. Different file systems, centos7-xfs; centos6.5-ext4
5. Other
A Installing System
1. Create a new virtual machine:
1) New Virtual Machine centos7.2:
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2) Edit virtual machine:
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2. Download and install the system centos7.2
1) Download:
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.2.1511/isos/x86_64/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso
2) Installation centos7.2:
(1) Enter the installation:
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(2) Set the language of the installation process:
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(3) setting the keyboard layout:
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(4) Software Selection:
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(5) disposed mounting position:
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(6) Network Configuration:
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(7) to start the installation:
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(8) set the root password:
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Wait for the installation to complete.
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II. System Configuration centos7
1. Add user:
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Adding su control: linuxfan allow users to use the su command.
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verification:
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2. Turn off the firewall and selinux:
Check firewall status, and set the boot does not start: syntax systemctl start | restart | stop | reload service name
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View selinux state and set to disabled:
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3. Set the network and host names:
1) set up a permanent host name: the host name permanently modify the syntax: hostnamectl set-hostname name
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2) modify the display name of the network: network-scripts | NetworkManager (nmcli)
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Verification after reboot:
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3) modify the file to set ip address:
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:wq
Restart the service and verify:
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4) Use nmcli command sets the network: nmcli help | man nmcli -> EXAMPLE
Red Hat Enterprise Linux a new feature 7 and CentOS 7 is the default network services provided by NetworkManager, which is a dynamic network control and configuration daemon, it remains linked to normal when the network devices and connections are available, but also provides a typical ifcfg type of profile. The following may be used to connect NetworkManager: Ethernet, VLANs, bridging, Bonds, Teams, Wi-Fi, mobile broadband (such as 3G), and IP-over-InfiniBand (IPoIB). NetworkManager can be controlled by a command-line tool nmcli.
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4. Service Management: Service Name type syntax systemctl control
1) check the service status:
View all services:
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See all the service name and status:
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2) Stop Service: stop stop, disable boot does not start
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3) Start Service: start start, enable is set to boot
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The source and update the system configuration yum: yum using a substantially uniform and centos6
1) Test communication network:
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2) update the system:
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3) Add yum source:
Use xshell connection:
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[Root @ www ~] # yum -y install yum-plugin-priorities ## mounted priority widget
[Root @ www ~] # sed -i -e "s /] $ /] \ npriority = 1 / g" /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo ## disposed substantially yum source priority 1
[Root @ www ~] # yum -y install epel-release ## mounted epel source
[Root @ www ~] # sed -i -e "s /] $ /] \ npriority = 5 / g" /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo ## Set the priority 5
[root@www ~]# sed -i -e "s/enabled=1/enabled=0/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/epel.repo ##禁用epel源
[the root WWW @ ~] # yum the install -Y http://pkgs.repoforge.org/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.5.3-1.el7.rf.x86_64.rpm source ## is mounted rpmforge
[Root @ www ~] # sed -i -e "s /] $ /] \ npriority = 10 / g" /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo ## 10 Set the priority
[root@www ~]# sed -i -e "s/enabled = 1/enabled = 0/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmforge.repo ##禁用yum源
使用方法：yum --enablerepo=rpmforge install [Package]
6. Configure vim:
[root@www ~]# yum -y install vim-enhanced
[Root @ www ~] # echo alias vi = 'vim' >> / etc / profile ## disposed aliases
[Root @ www ~] # source / etc / profile ## loaded
[Root @ www ~] # alias ## verification
[Root @ www ~] # vi ~ linuxfan / .vimrc ## is provided to the user linuxfan vim
set wrap ## does not wrap
highlight Comment ctermfg = low luminance display LightCyan ##
displaying the matched set showmatch ##
syntax on ## open grammar tips
set list
set number # show line numbers
set incsearch
set hlsearch
set history=50
Format set fileformats = unix, dos ## settings file
set fileencodings = cp936, gb18030, gbk, gb2312, utf-8, ucs-bom, latin-1 ## to avoid distortion
set ts = 4 ## of the tab length to a length of 4 spaces
:wq
Verify the effect of:
[root@www ~]# su - linuxfan
6 Yue 5 23:46:03 CST 2016pts / day 0: single sign-on
[linuxfan@www ~]$ vim .vimrc
1 set wrap$
2 set showmatch$
3 syntax on$
4 set list $
5 set number $
7. located sudo:
1) adding the user linuxfan sudo, all other operations except off outside:
[root@www ~]# visudo
Cmnd_Alias SHUTDOWN = /sbin/halt, /sbin/shutdown, /sbin/poweroff, /sbin/reboot, /sbin/init
linuxfan ALL=(ALL) ALL,!SHUTDOWN
Defaults logfile=/var/log/sudo.log
:wq
2) Verification:
[linuxfan@www ~]$ sudo cat /etc/passwd
We trust you have received the usual lecture from the local System
Administrator. It usually boils down to these three things:
#1) Respect the privacy of others.
#2) Think before you type.
#3) With great power comes great responsibility.[Sudo] password for linuxfan: enter your password
root:x:0:0:root:/root:/bin/bash
[linuxfan@www ~]$ sudo ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:de:3d:a0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.150/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever[linuxfan@www ~]$
[linuxfan@www ~]$ sudo reboot
Sorry, you have no right to execute linuxfan / sbin / reboot on www.linuxfan.cn as root.
[linuxfan@www ~]$ sudo -l
Match linuxfan on this host default entries:
requiretty, !visiblepw, always_set_home, env_reset,
env_keep="COLORS DISPLAY HOSTNAME HISTSIZE INPUTRC KDEDIR
LS_COLORS", env_keep+="MAIL PS1 PS2 QTDIR USERNAME LANG
LC_ADDRESS LC_CTYPE", env_keep+="LC_COLLATE
LC_IDENTIFICATION LC_MEASUREMENT LC_MESSAGES",
env_keep+="LC_MONETARY LC_NAME LC_NUMERIC LC_PAPER
LC_TELEPHONE", env_keep+="LC_TIME LC_ALL LANGUAGE LINGUAS
_XKB_CHARSET XAUTHORITY",
secure_path=/sbin\:/bin\:/usr/sbin\:/usr/binLinuxfan user can run the following command on the host:
(ALL) ALL
(ALL) ALL, (ALL) !/sbin/halt, !/sbin/shutdown,
!/sbin/poweroff, !/sbin/reboot, !/sbin/init[linuxfan@www ~]$
[Root @ www ~] # cat /var/log/sudo.log ## View Log
Jun 6 00:06:54 : linuxfan : TTY=pts/0 ; PWD=/home/linuxfan ; USER=root ;
COMMAND=list8. Configuration sshd:
[Root @ www ~] # sed -i -e '49s / ^ # // g' / etc / ssh / sshd_config ## enable 49 rows arranged
[Root @ www ~] # sed -i -e '49s / yes / no / g' / etc / ssh / sshd_config ## prohibits using ssh root login
[Root @ www ~] # sed -i '/ ^ GSS / s / yes / no / g' / etc / ssh / sshd_config ## disable GSSAPI authentication to speed up the login speed
[Root @ www ~] # systemctl restart sshd ## to restart the service
[Root @ www ~] # systemctl enable sshd ## is set to boot
[Root @ www ~] # systemctl status sshd ## View Status
● sshd.service - OpenSSH server daemon
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/sshd.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since 一 2016-06-06 00:16:26 CST; 1min 3s ago
9. crack the root password:
1) Select System grub menu key and installation E
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2) Locate the linux16 row, kernel parameters ro to rw init = / sysroot / bin / sh and then press ctrl + x single-user mode.
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3) complete the change password using the following command in single-user mode:
chroot / sysroot ## access system
LANG = C ## to C language environment temporarily set
echo pwd @ 123 | passwd --stdin root ## to modify the root password to pwd @ 123
touch /.autorelabel ## to update the information system
exit ## to exit the system
reboot reboot ##
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III. Installation docker
[root@www ~]# yum -y install docker
[root@www ~]# rpm -qa |grep docker
docker-forward-journald-1.9.1-40.el7.centos.x86_64
docker-common-1.9.1-40.el7.centos.x86_64
docker-selinux-1.9.1-40.el7.centos.x86_64
docker-1.9.1-40.el7.centos.x86_64
[root@www ~]# rpm -ql docker
[root@www ~]# rpm -ql docker-forward-journald
[root@www ~]# rpm -ql docker-common
The basic four-.docker
[root@www ~]# systemctl start docker
[root@www ~]# systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.
[root@www ~]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container Engine
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since 一 2016-06-06 00:24:14 CST; 21s ago
Docs: http://docs.docker.comMain PID: 40454 (sh)
CGroup: /system.slice/docker.service
├─40454 /bin/sh -c /usr/bin/docker-current daemon...
├─40456 /usr/bin/docker-current daemon --selinux-...
└─40457 /usr/bin/forward-journald -tag docker[Root @ www ~] # docker pull centos ## automatically download the official p_w_picpath centos mirror the last edition
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/centos ... latest: Pulling from library/centos
1544084fad81: Pull complete
df0fc3863fbc: Pull complete
a3d54b467fad: Pull complete
a65193109361: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:1a62cd7c773dd5c6cf08e2e28596f6fcc99bd97e38c9b324163e0da90ed27562
Status: Downloaded newer p_w_picpath for docker.io/centos:latest
[Root @ www ~] # docker run centos / bin / echo "welcome to the docker world" ## in the container Run
Usage of loopback devices is strongly discouraged for production use. Either use --storage-opt dm.thinpooldev or use --storage-opt dm.no_warn_on_loop_devices=true to suppress this warning.
welcome to the docker world
[Root @ www ~] # vi / etc / sysconfig / docker-storage ## stores the parameter modification
DOCKER_STORAGE_OPTIONS="--storage-opt dm.no_warn_on_loop_devices=true"
:wq
[root@www ~]# systemctl restart docker ##重启docker
[Root @ www ~] # docker run -i -t centos / bin / bash ## Login container console console
[root@0faf7bf4e1b4 /]# uname -a
Linux 0faf7bf4e1b4 3.10.0-327.el7.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Nov 19 22:10:57 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@0faf7bf4e1b4 /]# yum -y install iproute
[root@0faf7bf4e1b4 /]# ip a; exit
[Root @ www ~] # docker run -i -t centos / bin / bash ## log container, press ctrl + p, ctrl + q retaining container session
[root@4b20678656bb /]# [root@www ~]#
[root@www ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
4b20678656bb centos "/bin/bash" 38secondsago Up 38seconds sick_brattain
[Root @ www ~] # docker attach 4b20678656bb ## connected to the container, and then ctrl + p, ctrl + q exit
[root@4b20678656bb /]# [root@www ~]#
[root@www ~]#
[Root @ www ~] # docker kill 4b20678656bb ## killed container
4b20678656bb
[Root @ www ~] # docker ps ## verification
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@www ~]#
V. Use docker deploy apache-httpd
[Root @ www ~] # docker p_w_picpaths ## docker View Mirror
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
docker.io/centos latest a65193109361 3 days ago 196.7 MB
[root@www ~]# docker ps -a |head -2
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
5a36bf5d4064 centos "/bin/bash -c 'yum -y" 2 minutes ago Exited (0) 38 seconds ago clever_mcnulty
[Root @ www ~] # docker commit 5a36bf5d4064 my_p_w_picpath / centos_httpd ## Add Mirror
0cfbe60b45cec5311e9da53abbac29bac34d77f0eaa47806bdfaccde0cb8a1c1
[root@www ~]# docker p_w_picpaths
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED VIRTUAL SIZE
my_p_w_picpath/centos_httpd latest 0cfbe60b45ce 42 seconds ago 310.9 MB
docker.io/centos latest a65193109361 3 days ago 196.7 MB
[root@www ~]#
[Root @ www ~] # docker run my_p_w_picpath / centos_httpd ls / usr / sbin / httpd ## view mirror container
/usr/sbin/httpd
[Root @ www ~] # ls / usr / sbin / httpd ## viewed in a host
ls: can not access the / usr / sbin / httpd: No such file or directory
[root@www ~]# docker run -it -p 8081:80 my_p_w_picpath/centos_httpd /bin/bash
[root@18f49a674173 /]# /usr/sbin/httpd &
[1] 13
[root@18f49a674173 /]# AH00558: httpd: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 172.17.0.2. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppress this message
[1]+ Done /usr/sbin/httpd
[Root @ 18f49a674173 /] # echo "httpd on Docker Container"> /var/www/html/index.html ## New Home
[Root @ 18f49a674173 /] # [root @ www ~] # ## ctrl + p, ctrl + q and returns the process to retain the mirror host
[root@www ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
18f49a674173 my_p_w_picpath/centos_httpd "/bin/bash" 4 minutes ago Up 4 minutes 0.0.0.0:8081->80/tcp adoring_heisenberg
access:
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Reproduced in: https: //blog.51cto.com/14380057/2406785