TOTP - Time-based One-time Password Algorithm is an extension of the HMAC-based One Time Password algorithm HOTP to support a time based moving factor.
TOTP (time-based one-time password algorithm) is to support the extension of time as a dynamic factor HMAC-time password algorithm.
Wikipedia: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time-based_One-time_Password_Algorithm
RFC 6238：http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6238
project:
Google Authenticator
Project Address: http://code.google.com/p/google-authenticator/
Run shot:
achieve:
1) the clock must be synchronized between the Prover and Verifier;
2) have the shared key between the Prover and Verifier;
3) you must use the same time step between the Prover and the Verifier
algorithm:
K-Shared Key
T Time
T0 starts counting time step
X time step
TOTP = Truncate(HMAC-SHA-1(K, (T - T0) / X))
Code Example:
/** Copyright (c) 2011 IETF Trust and the persons identified as authors of the code. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, is permitted pursuant to, and subject to the license terms contained in, the Simplified BSD License set forth in Section 4.c of the IETF Trust's Legal Provisions Relating to IETF Documents (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info). */ import java.lang.reflect.UndeclaredThrowableException; import java.security.GeneralSecurityException; import java.text.DateFormat; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import javax.crypto.Mac; import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec; import java.math.BigInteger; import java.util.TimeZone; /** * This is an example implementation of the OATH TOTP algorithm. Visit * www.openauthentication.org for more information. * * @author Johan Rydell, PortWise, Inc. */ public class TOTP { private TOTP() { } /** * This method uses the JCE to provide the crypto algorithm. HMAC computes a * Hashed Message Authentication Code with the crypto hash algorithm as a * parameter. * * @param crypto * : the crypto algorithm (HmacSHA1, HmacSHA256, HmacSHA512) * @param keyBytes * : the bytes to use for the HMAC key * @param text * : the message or text to be authenticated */ private static byte[] hmac_sha(String crypto, byte[] keyBytes, byte[] text) { try { Mac hmac; hmac = Mac.getInstance(crypto); SecretKeySpec macKey = new SecretKeySpec(keyBytes, "RAW"); hmac.init(macKey); return hmac.doFinal(text); } catch (GeneralSecurityException gse) { throw new UndeclaredThrowableException(gse); } } /** * This method converts a HEX string to Byte[] * * @param hex * : the HEX string * * @return: a byte array */ private static byte[] hexStr2Bytes(String hex) { // Adding one byte to get the right conversion // Values starting with "0" can be converted byte[] bArray = new BigInteger("10" + hex, 16).toByteArray(); // Copy all the REAL bytes, not the "first" byte[] ret = new byte[bArray.length - 1]; for (int i = 0; i < ret.length; i++) ret[i] = bArray[i + 1]; return ret; } private static final int[] DIGITS_POWER // 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 = { 1, 10, 100, 1000, 10000, 100000, 1000000, 10000000, 100000000 }; /** * This method generates a TOTP value for the given set of parameters. * * @param key * : the shared secret, HEX encoded * @param time * : a value that reflects a time * @param returnDigits * : number of digits to return * * @return: a numeric String in base 10 that includes * {@link truncationDigits} digits */ public static String generateTOTP(String key, String time, String returnDigits) { return generateTOTP(key, time, returnDigits, "HmacSHA1"); } /** * This method generates a TOTP value for the given set of parameters. * * @param key * : the shared secret, HEX encoded * @param time * : a value that reflects a time * @param returnDigits * : number of digits to return * * @return: a numeric String in base 10 that includes * {@link truncationDigits} digits */ public static String generateTOTP256(String key, String time, String returnDigits) { return generateTOTP(key, time, returnDigits, "HmacSHA256"); } /** * This method generates a TOTP value for the given set of parameters. * * @param key * : the shared secret, HEX encoded * @param time * : a value that reflects a time * @param returnDigits * : number of digits to return * * @return: a numeric String in base 10 that includes * {@link truncationDigits} digits */ public static String generateTOTP512(String key, String time, String returnDigits) { return generateTOTP(key, time, returnDigits, "HmacSHA512"); } /** * This method generates a TOTP value for the given set of parameters. * * @param key * : the shared secret, HEX encoded * @param time * : a value that reflects a time * @param returnDigits * : number of digits to return * @param crypto * : the crypto function to use * * @return: a numeric String in base 10 that includes * {@link truncationDigits} digits */ public static String generateTOTP(String key, String time, String returnDigits, String crypto) { int codeDigits = Integer.decode(returnDigits).intValue(); String result = null; // Using the counter // First 8 bytes are for the movingFactor // Compliant with base RFC 4226 (HOTP) while (time.length() < 16) time = "0" + time; // Get the HEX in a Byte[] byte[] msg = hexStr2Bytes(time); byte[] k = hexStr2Bytes(key); byte[] hash = hmac_sha(crypto, k, msg); // put selected bytes into result int int offset = hash[hash.length - 1] & 0xf; int binary = ((hash[offset] & 0x7f) << 24) | ((hash[offset + 1] & 0xff) << 16) | ((hash[offset + 2] & 0xff) << 8) | (hash[offset + 3] & 0xff); int otp = binary % DIGITS_POWER[codeDigits]; result = Integer.toString(otp); while (result.length() < codeDigits) { result = "0" + result; } return result; } public static void main(String[] args) { // Seed for HMAC-SHA1 - 20 bytes String seed = "3132333435363738393031323334353637383930"; // Seed for HMAC-SHA256 - 32 bytes String seed32 = "3132333435363738393031323334353637383930" + "313233343536373839303132"; // Seed for HMAC-SHA512 - 64 bytes String seed64 = "3132333435363738393031323334353637383930" + "3132333435363738393031323334353637383930" + "3132333435363738393031323334353637383930" + "31323334"; long T0 = 0; long X = 30; long testTime[] = { 59L, 1111111109L, 1111111111L, 1234567890L, 2000000000L, 20000000000L }; String steps = "0"; DateFormat df = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); df.setTimeZone(TimeZone.getTimeZone("UTC")); try { System.out.println("+---------------+-----------------------+" + "------------------+--------+--------+"); System.out.println("| Time(sec) | Time (UTC format) " + "| Value of T(Hex) | TOTP | Mode |"); System.out.println("+---------------+-----------------------+" + "------------------+--------+--------+"); for (int i = 0; i < testTime.length; i++) { long T = (testTime[i] - T0) / X; steps = Long.toHexString(T).toUpperCase(); while (steps.length() < 16) steps = "0" + steps; String fmtTime = String.format("%1$-11s", testTime[i]); String utcTime = df.format(new Date(testTime[i] * 1000)); System.out.print("| " + fmtTime + " | " + utcTime + " | " + steps + " |"); System.out.println(generateTOTP(seed, steps, "8", "HmacSHA1") + "| SHA1 |"); System.out.print("| " + fmtTime + " | " + utcTime + " | " + steps + " |"); System.out.println(generateTOTP(seed32, steps, "8", "HmacSHA256") + "| SHA256 |"); System.out.print("| " + fmtTime + " | " + utcTime + " | " + steps + " |"); System.out.println(generateTOTP(seed64, steps, "8", "HmacSHA512") + "| SHA512 |"); System.out.println("+---------------+-----------------------+" + "------------------+--------+--------+"); } } catch (final Exception e) { System.out.println("Error : " + e); } } }
operation result:
Reproduced in: https: //www.cnblogs.com/dyingbleed/archive/2012/12/05/2803782.html