Linux mode
1, GUI: Graphical User Interface (Graphical User Interface, referred to as GUI, also known as the Graphical User Interface)
a, Gnome Desktop: C language development (redhat, Fedora)
b, Kde Desktop: C ++ development (release OpenSUSE, PCLinuxOS, etc. use)
c, Xface desktop: lightweight desktop
d, Unity Desktop (Ubuntu and other distributions use)
You can use the command: echo $ DESKTOP_SESSION view the desktop environment currently in use
The command line interface can use the command: startx command to start using the graphical interface, but requires the following conditions:
a, tty7 to empty out the switching for use
b, you must install the X Window System and X-Server smooth start
c, there is a window administrator gnome / Kde
d, must start the X Window service
Use exit to exit
2, CLI: Command Line Interface (English: command-line interface, abbreviation: CLI)
Virtual terminal (Teminal) using Ctrl + Alt + F1-F6 switch 6 characters displayed on the terminal, F7 graphic terminal
Analog terminal: open (Teminal) in a graphical interface called analog terminal
Linux shell type
bash: Linux systems use default shell, bash shell is a free version of the Bourne shell, it is the first Unix shell, bash also has a feature, you can view the help by the help command. It includes features may encompass almost the shell has the function, it is generally as a shell script will specify its execution path.
csh: C shell using a "Class C" syntax, csh is a shell having a C-style, it has 52 internal command, it is huge.
zsh: Linux is currently the largest in a shell: zsh. It has 84 internal command is also more complicated for everyday use is not recommended.
ksh: Korn shell syntax is the same as the Bourne shell, along with the accessibility features of the C shell. Many installation scripts use ksh, ksh has 42 internal command, there are certain restrictive compared to the bash.
tcsh: tcsh is an enhanced version of csh, fully compatible with the C shell.
sh: is a shortcut, it has been replaced by / bin / bash.
View existing shell: cat / etc / shells
View shell currently in use: echo $ SHELL
Switch the current shell: bash chsh -s / bin / bash
Linux Command Format
command + options + parameter
For example: ls -a / etc / passwd
options divided
Long options - Eg: ls -a
Short options - Eg: ls -aa
Multiple options can be used simultaneously: Eg: ls -l -a / etc