Linux file directory structure of a tree structure, most top-level directory for the root directory /
Other directories can be added by mounting them to the tree, you can remove them by unmounting
Absolute path:
Start at the root eg: / usr / share / doc
relative path:
Help start root directory eg:. . / Man
Common treatment fame directory
ls: List directory
-a: All files, together with (The file begins with a) be listed with hidden files
-d: list only the directory itself, rather than list the files in the directory data
-l: long serial data out, it contains the attribute data and file permissions, etc.
cd: Change directory
cd [path relative / absolute path]
pwd: displays the current directory
（Print Working Directory）
-p: it shows the exact path, rather than using a connection (link) path
mkdir: create a new directory
-m: rights profile, direct configuration (not need to see the default permissions (umask))
-p: help you directly to the required directory (containing the parent directory) recursively create up
rmdir: delete an empty directory
-p: along with the previous [empty] directory is also deleted together
cp: copy files or directories
-a: the equivalent of -pdr
-d: If the source file for the property profile link (link file), then copy the link file attribute rather than the file itself
-f: to force (force) meaning, if the target file already exists and can not open, try once again to remove
-i: If the target when (destination) already exists, at the time coverage will be asked operates
-l: conduct video link (hard link) to create links to files rather than copy the file itself
-p: copy along with the attributes of the file, rather than using the default properties
-r: recursive continuous replication for copying directories
-s: Copy the file to be a symbolic link (symbolic link)] [shortcut file
-u: If the destination was upgraded destination older than the source
rm: Remove files or directories
-f: force, ignoring the file does not exist, a warning message will not appear
-i: interactive mode, before deleting the user will be asked whether the action
-r: recursive delete
mv: move files and directories, or modify the name
-f: force, if the target file already exists, do not ask direct coverage
-i: If the target file exists, asking to overwrite
-u: Several target file already exists, and the source will be relatively new upgrade (update)
Linux view the contents of the file:
cat: there the first line displays the file contents
-a: the equivalent of -vET integration options to list some special characters and not just a blank
-b: No reason to travel, do not blank line numbers for display, blank lines are not marked line number
-e: The end of the line break bytes $ displayed
-n: line number is listed, along with a blank line will have a line number is different from -b
-t: the [tab] key to ^ | display
-v: in some unseen special characters
tac: start from the last row of the display (cat inverted write)
Referring to cat
nl: time display, output line number
-b: Specifies the line number in the manner specified: two kinds
-ba: whether he is a blank line, also lists the line number (similar to cat -n)
-bt: If there are empty lines, which line do not empty list (default value) line number
-n: Representation listed line number: Three
-n ln: line number at the far left of the screen display:
-n rn: line number in the far right column of his own show, and do not add 0
-n rz: The line number in the far right column of his own show, and add 0
The number of bits occupied by the row number of fields: -w
more: show the file contents page by page
Space: down one page
Enter: scroll down one line
/ String: in this content displayed among the search down [string]
f: immediately shows the file name and line number currently displayed
q: representatives immediately leave more, does not display the contents of the file
b or [Ctrl] + b: back flip, but only useful for files, useless for pipeline
less: the more similar, but better than the more that can flip forward
Space: turning down a
[Pagedown]: turn down a
[Pageup]: turn up one page
/ String: Search down [string]
? String: Search up [string]
n: repetition before a search
n: a hatred of the rich before the repercussions search
q: leave
head: just look at the first few lines
-n: followed by a number, display 10 lines by default the first few lines
tail: just look at the end of lines
-n: followed by a number, display a few lines
-f: continuously monitors the file name of the connected back until the [ctrl] -c will end tail detection