1. Purpose of the experiment
Review the basics of Linux and review the basic commands of Linux. Familiar with basic commands such as Linux file and directory management, file content query, file permission query, and file search.
2. Experimental environment
Tool software: VMware
Experiment preparation: virtual machine ubuntu 14.04.6
3. Experimental content (experimental steps, test data, etc.)
1. File and directory management
(1) View the system root directory: ls / or first cd / and then ls
(2) Enter the /tmp directory, create a directory with your student number, and enter the directory
(3) Display the current directory
(4) In the current directory, create a directory test1 with a permission of 741, check whether the creation is successful, and modify the permission of test1 in character mode: set it as the owner of the file, and the same group as the file can write, but other than who cannot write
(5) Create a directory test2/teat3/test4 under the directory test1
(6) Enter test2 and delete the directory test3/test4
(7) Copy the .bashrc in the root user directory to /tmp, and change the name to bashrc
(8) Repeat step 7 to ask whether to overwrite before overwriting
(9) Copy the contents of the directory /etc/ to /tmp
(10) Create a file aaa in the current directory
(11) View the permissions, size and time of the file
(12) Forcibly delete the file
(13) Move bashrc under /tmp to /tmp/test1/test2
(14) Delete the /test1 directory and all the files it contains
(15) Create a fjpsc.txt file, use zip, gzip, and tar tools to compress and decompress, and compare the differences between various tools
Compression: zip -v fjpsc.zip fjpsc.txt
Unzip: unzip fjpsc.zip
Compression: gzip fjpsc.txt
Decompression: gunzip fjpsc.txt.gz
Compression: tar -c fjpsc.txt
Decompression: tar -zxvf fjpsc.zip
(16) Create a directory fjpsc, mount the u disk or image CD to this directory
2. File content review, permissions and file search
(1) Use the cat command to add the line number to display the contents of the file /etc/issue
(2) Display the content in /etc/issue in reverse
(3) Use nl to list the contents of /etc/issue
(4) Use the more command to view the file /etc/manpath.config
more /etc/manpath.config
(5) Use the less command to look back and forth at the contents of the file /etc/manpath.config
less /etc/manpath.config
(6) Use the head command to view the contents of the first 20 lines of the file /etc/manpath.config
head -20 /etc/manpath.config
(7) Use the tail command to view the contents of the last 5 lines of the file /etc/manpath.config
tail -5 /etc/manpath.config
(8) View the content of the last 5 lines in the first 20 lines of the file /etc/manpath.config
cat -n /etc/manpath.config | head -n 20 | tail -n 5
(9) Output the content in /usr/bin/passwd in ASCII mode
from -tc /usr/bin/passwd
(10) Enter the /tmp directory, copy /root/.bashrc into bashrc, copy all attributes, and check its date
cp -a /root/.bashrc bashrc
(11) Modify the time of the file bashrc to the current time
touch ./bashrc
4. Experimental experience
Sneaking in to review the basics of Linux, it can be regarded as having fun in the bitterness of postgraduate entrance examination life.