Principles of Statistics 7th Edition Li Jieming-After-class multiple-choice exercises and answers
1. Multiple choice questions
1. Statistics has three meanings, and its basis is ( ).
(1) Statistics (2) Statistical activities (3) Statistical methods (4) Statistical data
2. A statistical population ( ).
(1) There can only be one sign (2) There can only be one indicator (3) There can be multiple signs (4) There can be multiple indicators
3. Among the following variables, ( ) is a discrete variable.
(1) The weight of a bag of grain (2) The diameter of a bearing (3) The average number of expected customers contacted by each sales representative in the past month (4) The number of people receiving unemployment benefits in an area
4. The mathematics test scores of a certain class of students are 65 points, 71 points, 80 points and 87 points respectively. These four numbers are ( ).
(1) Indicator (2) Flag (3) Variable (4) Flag value
5. The following are quality marks ( ).
(1) Employee age (2) Employee gender (3) Employee weight (4) Employee salary
6. Now we want to understand the production and operation of a machine tool company. The company’s output and profit are ( )
(1) Continuous variables (2) Discrete variables (3) The former is a continuous variable and the latter is a discrete variable
(4) The former is a discrete variable and the latter is a continuous variable
7.Labor productivity is ( )
(1) Dynamic indicators (2) Quality indicators (3) Flow indicators (4) Intensity indicators
8. Statistical regularity is mainly a conclusion drawn after sorting and analyzing using the ( ) method.
(1) Statistical grouping method (2) Mass observation method (3) Comprehensive index method (4) Statistical inference method
9. ( ) is the basic function of statistics.
(1) Management function (2) Consulting function (3) Information function (4) Supervision function
10. ( ) is the fundamental criterion of statistics and the lifeline of statistics.
(1) Authenticity (2) Timeliness (3) Totality (4) Continuity
11. The necessary conditions to form a statistical population are ( )
(1) Difference (2) Comprehensiveness (3) Sociality (4) Homogeneity
12. The founder of mathematical statistics is ( ).
(1) William Petty (2) Achenvall (3) Kettler (4) Engel
13. The number of statistical studies must be ( ).
(1) Abstract quantity (2) Concrete quantity (3) Continuous quantity (4) Quantity that can be directly added
14. The first person to use the academic term statistics is ( )
(1) Political Arithmetic School (2) Social Statistics School (3) National Power School (4) Mathematical Statistics School
15. Indicators illustrate overall characteristics, while signs illustrate overall unit characteristics, so ( )
(1) Indicators and signs can be converted into each other under certain conditions
(2) Indicators and signs can be represented by numerical values
(3) There is no relationship between indicators and signs
(4) The relationship between indicators and signs is fixed
2. Judgment questions
1. Statistics is a methodological science that studies the overall quantitative aspects of phenomena, so it does not care about or consider the quantitative characteristics of individual phenomena. (×)
2. The grades of the three students are different, so there are three variables. (×)
3. The specificity of statistics is the fundamental difference between statistics and mathematics. (×)
4. The statistical indicator system is a general term for a collection of many indicators. (√)
5. Generally speaking, indicators are always attached to the overall unit, and the overall unit is the direct bearer of the sign. (×)
6. Variables refer to variable quantity signs. (√)
7. Social and economic statistics is the observation and study of the quantitative aspects of social and economic phenomena in the relationship between quality and quantity. (√)
8. When using the mass observation method, all units of the research object must be observed and investigated (×)
9. The prerequisite for synthesis into statistical indicators is overall homogeneity. (√)
10. Quantitative indicators are expressed in the form of absolute numbers, while quality indicators are expressed in the form of relative numbers or averages. (√)
11. The salary level of individuals and the salary level of all employees can be called statistical indicators. (×)
12. The mass observation method, statistical grouping method and comprehensive index method are used in the statistical investigation stage, statistical sorting stage and statistical analysis stage respectively. (×)
Chapter two
1. Multiple choice questions
1. Conduct a census of department store staff. The survey objects are ( ).
(1) Each department store (2) All staff of each department store (3) One department store (4) Each staff member
2. In the national census, the survey unit is ( )
(1) National population (2) Every person (3) Every household (4) Employee wages
3. To conduct a census of the equipment of industrial enterprises in a certain city, the reporting unit is ( ).
(1) All equipment (2) Each piece of equipment (3) Each industrial enterprise (4) All industrial enterprises
4. A city plans to investigate several large savings banks that account for 4/5 of the city's savings to understand the general situation of the city's savings. The survey method is ( )
(1) Census (2) Typical survey (3) Sampling survey (4) Key survey
5. A certain city stipulates that the submission time of the 2015 annual report of industrial enterprises is before January 31, 2016, then the investigation time and investigation period are ( ).
(1) One month, one year (2) One year, one month (3) One year, one day (4) One year and one month, one day
6. The census stipulates a unified standard time for ( ).
(1) Avoid duplication and omission of registration (2) Determine the scope of the investigation and the units to be investigated (3) Determine the units to be investigated
(4) Convenience of registration
7. The composition of the number of employees of a certain enterprise is as follows:
| gender |
Number of employees (people) |
Education level |
|||
| College degree or above |
middle school |
primary school |
Semi-literate and illiterate |
||
| male |
|||||
| female |
|||||
| Total |
|||||
The grouping mark of this group is ().
(1) Gender (2) Male or female (3) Education level (4) Gender and education level
8. A certain continuous variable sequence, the last group of which is more than 500. And if the median value of its neighboring groups is 480, then the group median value of the last group is ( ).
（1） 520 （2）510 （3） 530 （4）540
9. The degree density is ( ).
(1) The average number of times distributed within each group (2) The number of times distributed within the unit interval of each group
(3) The average frequency of distribution within each group (4) The length of the group interval per unit number
10.The sum of the frequencies of each group in the variable sequence should be ( )
(1) Less than 1 (2) Equal to 1 (3) Greater than 1 (4) Not equal to 1
11. A continuous variable is divided into five groups: the first group is 40-50, the third group is 60-70, the fourth group is 70-80, and the fifth group is 80 or more, according to customary regulations ( )
(1) 50 in the first group, 70 in the fourth group (2) 60 in the second group, 80 in the fifth group
(3) 70 is in the fourth group, 80 is in the fifth group (4) 80 is in the fourth group, 50 is in the second group
12. Conduct group research on the living standards of employees, and use () to correctly select the grouping mark.
(1) The total monthly salary of employees (2) The average monthly income of employees
(3) The average monthly income of employees’ family members (4) The average monthly job allowance and bonus per employee
13. The distribution sequence has two components, they are ()
(1) One is the unit number, the other is the index number (2) One is the index number, the other is the shape
(3) One is the grouping, the other is the number of times (4) One is the overall total, the other is the total number of marks
14. In the following surveys, the survey unit is consistent with the reporting unit ( ).
(1) Enterprise equipment survey (2) Census (3) Rural cultivated land survey (4) Industrial enterprise status survey
15. Any specific value in the statistical table must be limited by ( ).
(1) The general title of the table (2) The horizontal row titles of the table (3) The horizontal rows and column columns of the table (4) The general title of the table, horizontal row titles and column titles
2. Judgment questions
1. Investigate the main food crop producing areas in my country to understand the basic situation of the growth of main food crops in the country. This kind of investigation is a key investigation. (√)
2. Conduct an investigation into the living conditions of laid-off employees in a certain city and require the investigation results to be submitted within one month. The specified time is the investigation period. (√)
3. The purpose of sampling surveys and key surveys is the same, that is, they both achieve an understanding of the overall quantitative characteristics through surveys of some units. (×)
4. Any distribution must satisfy: the frequency of each group is greater than zero, and the sum of the frequencies of each group is equal to 1 or 100%. (×)
5. The frequency distribution sequence refers to the variable distribution sequence formed by grouping by quantity marks. (×)
6. In statistical surveys, the survey object can be the survey unit at the same time, and the survey unit can be the overall unit at the same time. (×)
7. When performing group distance grouping, when the flag value is exactly equal to the upper and lower limit values of the adjacent two groups. Generally, this value is grouped into the upper limit group. (×)
8. The main word column of the statistical table explains the overall various statistical indicators. (×)
9. Direct observation method cannot be used for collecting historical data. (√)
10. After statistical grouping, the differences between units within each group are concealed, while the differences between units between groups are highlighted. (√)
11. The cumulative number of times in a smaller system indicates the total number of times that are greater than the lower limit of the variable value of the group. (×)
12. The census is a discontinuous survey, which is its main feature, but the census does not exclude the investigation of items belonging to period phenomena. (√)
Chapter 3 Exercises
Multiple choice questions
1. A certain county has a population of 100,000 and a total of 80 hospitals. On average, each hospital serves 1,250 people. This indicator is ( ).
(1) Average indicator (2) Relative intensity indicator (3) Total indicator (4) Development level indicator
2. The weighted harmonic mean can sometimes be used as the weighted arithmetic mean ( )
(1) Deformation (2) Reciprocal (3) Average (4) Square root
3. The cost of a certain product of an industrial enterprise continued to decline in the first quarter. The output in January was 750 pieces, with a unit cost of 20 yuan; the output in February was 1,000 pieces of cattle, with a unit cost of 18 yuan; the output in March was 1,500 pieces, with a unit cost of 15 yuan. Then the average unit cost in the first quarter is ( )
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
4. There are two sequence A and B. If the total distance of A is greater than the total distance of B, then ( )
(1) The standard deviation of A must be greater than the standard deviation of B. (2) The standard deviation of A must be less than the standard deviation of B.
(3) The standard deviation of A must be equal to the standard deviation of B. (4) The above-mentioned relationship does not exist between the full distance and the standard deviation.
5. The influence of weights on the weighted arithmetic mean is determined by ( ).
(1) The numerical size of each group of flag values (2) The absolute number of the weights
(3) The proportion of the number of units in each group to the total number of units (4) The number of total units
6. The standard deviation coefficient is abstracted as ( )
(1) The influence of the numerical value of the overall indicator (2) The influence of the number of overall units
(3) The influence of the proportion of the number of units in each group to the total number of units (4) The influence of the average level
7. Given the unit prices and sales of apples in 4 fruit stores, if you want to calculate the average unit price of apples in the 4 stores, you should use ( )
(1) Simple arithmetic mean (2) Weighted arithmetic mean (3) Weighted harmonic mean (4) Geometric mean
8. If the distribution sequence replaces frequency with frequency, then the variance ( ).
(1) Unchanged (2) Increased (3) Decreased (4) Changes cannot be expected
9. Today there are two groups of college students whose age distribution information is as follows:
| years old |
Number of college students in each group (person) |
|
| First group |
Second Group |
|
| 18 and under 18~20 20~22 22~24 24 or more |
2 17 9 — — |
— 8 12 6 2 |
| Total |
28 |
28 |
Which group of college students has a higher average age? (A) The first group; (B) The second group.
Which group has the highest age mode? (C) The first group; (D) The second group. ( )
(1) A, C (2) A, D (3) B, C (4) B, D
10. The scrap rate of the first batch of products is 1%, the scrap rate of the second batch is 1.5%, and the scrap rate of the third batch is 2%. The first batch of products accounts for 35% of the total, and the second batch accounts for 40%. Then the average scrap rate (%) is ( ).
（1）1.5% （2）1.45% （3）4.5% （4）0.94%
11. When a store makes a purchase plan for men's shirts and needs to know the average size of shirts sold, it should calculate ( )
(1) Arithmetic mean (2) Harmonic mean (3) Geometric mean (4) Mode
12. There is a series of numbers: 3, 9, 27, 81, 243, 729, 2187. It is best to use ( ) to reflect its average level.
(1) Arithmetic mean (2) Harmonic mean (3) Geometric mean (4) Median
13. A high-tech development zone has a current population of 110,000 and 8 hospitals (the total number of beds is 700). The number of hospital beds per 10,000 people in the development zone is 63.636. This indicator belongs to ( )
(1) Average indicator (2) Relative indicator (3) Total indicator (4) Development level indicator
14. From the following sequence, we can know the following judgment ( ).
| Complete production quota |
Number of employees |
Complete production quota |
Number of employees |
| 10~20 20~30 20~30 |
35 20 25 |
40~50 50~60 |
10 15 |
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
15. The average employee salary of a company in 2013 was 5,200 yuan, and the standard deviation was 110 yuan. In 2016, the average employee salary increased by 40%, and the standard deviation increased to 150 yuan. Relative variation of average employee salary ( ).
(1) increase (2) decrease (3) remain unchanged (4) cannot be compared
16. A company has five subsidiaries with a total of 200 employees. It is known that the completion percentage and actual output value of each enterprise's monthly output value plan are known. To calculate the company's average monthly output value plan completion degree, the weighted harmonic average method is used to calculate, and the weight is ( ).
(1) Planned output value (2) Actual output value (3) Number of employees (4) Number of enterprises
17. If the standard score of a data is -2, indicate that the data ( )
(1) 2 standard deviations above the mean (2) 2 standard deviations below the mean
(3) is equal to 2 times the mean (4) is equal to 2 times the standard deviation
18. The skewness coefficient measures the degree of asymmetry of the data distribution. If the distribution of a set of data is symmetrical, then the skewness coefficient ( ).
(1) equal to 0 (2) equal to 1 (3) greater than 0 (4) greater than 1
19. A certain residential area is preparing to adopt a new property management measure. To this end, 100 households were randomly selected for a survey. Among them, 69 households expressed approval, 22 households expressed neutrality, and 9 households expressed opposition. ( ) should be used to describe the central tendency of this set of data.
(1) Mode (2) Quartiles (3) Median (4) Mean
20. In a computer proficiency test conducted by a certain company, the average score of new employees is 80 points, the standard deviation is 5 points, and the median is 86 points. The distribution shape of the new employees' scores is ( ).
(1) Symmetrical (2) Right-biased (3) Left-biased (4) Unable to determine
True or False
1. The arithmetic mean calculated based on grouped data is only an approximation. (√)
2. The calculation method of structural relative index is flexible, and the numerator and denominator can be interchanged. (×)
3. The total quantity indicator expressed in labor units is called the labor quantity indicator, which cannot be added directly. (×)
4. If the completion levels of production plans of three enterprises A, B, and C this year are 95%, 100%, and 105% respectively, then the average completion level of the output plans of these three enterprises is 100%. (×)
5. Both the average deviation and the standard deviation represent the average dispersion of each sign value from the arithmetic mean. (√)
6. The value of the strength relative index is represented by a complex number, so its positive and inverse indicators can be calculated. (×)
7. The greater the absolute number of the weight, the greater the impact on the arithmetic mean. (×)
8. Comparing two enterprises, if X A > (×)
9. Under the condition of group distance sequence, the size of the mode mainly depends on the influence of the number of two adjacent groups of the mode group. (√)
10. A certain company's plan stipulates that the unit product cost in the first quarter of 2016 will be reduced by 10% compared with the same period last year. The actual execution result was a 5% reduction, which is only half of the unit product cost plan. (×)
11. When the frequency of variable values in each group is equal, the weights in the weighted arithmetic mean lose their effect. Therefore, the weighted arithmetic mean is equal to the simple arithmetic mean. (√)
12. The ratio of washing machine company A’s washing machine production in the first quarter of 2016 to washing machine company B’s production in the same period is a relative indicator of proportion. (×)
13. When comparing the representativeness of the averages of two groups of numbers, the smaller the standard deviation coefficient is, the greater the representativeness of the averages. (√)
14. If the unit cost of a certain product produced by a company is planned to be reduced by 2% on the basis of the previous year, but actually reduced by 3%, the company is one percentage point short of completing the planned task. (×)
15. Relative indicators are quality indicators. (×)
Chapter 4 Exercises
1. Multiple choice questions
1. The components of dynamic sequence are ( )
(1) Variables and times (2) Time and index values (3) Time and times (4) Subjects and predicates
2. In the dynamic sequence, the values of each indicator that can be added are ( )
(1) Relative number dynamic sequence (2) Period sequence (3) Discontinuous time point sequence (4) Average dynamic sequence
3. The population statistics of a certain place on June 30 of each year from 2011 to 2016 are as follows:
| year |
2011 |
2012 |
2013 |
2014 |
2015 |
2016 |
| June 30th population (10,000 people) |
23 |
23 |
24 |
25 |
25 |
26 |
Then the average annual number of people in the area from 2012 to 2016 is ( ).
（1）
=24.3 (ten thousand people)
（2）
=24.6 (ten thousand people)
（3）
=19.7 (ten thousand people)
（4）
=20.25 (ten thousand people)
4. The relationship between the fixed base growth rate and the chain growth rate is ( ).
(1) The fixed base growth rate is equal to the arithmetic sum of the corresponding chain growth rates.
(2) The fixed base growth rate is equal to the continuous product of the corresponding chain growth rates.
(3) The fixed base growth rate is equal to the corresponding product of each chain growth rate plus 1 minus 1.
(4) The fixed base growth rate is equal to the corresponding chain growth rate multiplied by 1 (or 100%)
5. When measuring the seasonal ratio according to the quarterly average method, the sum of the seasonal ratios in each season should be equal to ( )
（1）100%（2）400%（3）120%（4）1200%
6. Assume that the output of a certain product increased by 35% in 2016 compared with 2011, then the average development speed in 2016 compared with 2011 is ( ).
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
7. The sales revenue of a certain enterprise in five years is as follows: 2 million yuan, 2.2 million yuan, 2.5 million yuan, 3 million yuan, 3.2 million yuan, then the average growth is ().
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
8. The unit cost of product A of a certain company has been declining year after year. It is known that the total reduction was 60% from 2011 to 2016, then the average annual reduction rate is ( ).
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
9. A certain city had a population of 7.5 million and 30,000 retail outlets at the end of 2016. The city’s commercial outlet density index is ( )
(1) 2.5 thousand people (2) 250 people (3) 0.25/thousand people (4) 250/person
10. The average development speed calculated by the horizontal method can be calculated as ( ).
(1) The sum of the projected levels in each period is equal to the sum of the actual levels in each period
(2) The projected end-of-period level is equal to the actual end-of-period level
(3) The estimated fixed-base development speed in each period is equal to the actual fixed-base development speed in each period.
(4) The estimated growth in each period is equal to the actual growth in each period.
11.The absolute value of 1% growth is ( )
(1) Level indicator (2) Speed indicator (3) Indicator combining level and speed (4) Nothing
12. To evaluate the social development status between cities, the dynamic sequence that ranks the green area per person in each city by year belongs to ( ).
(1) Period series of total indicators (2) Time point series of total indicators (3) Dynamic series of relative indicators
(4) Average indicator dynamic sequence
13. The formula for calculating the annual growth rate is ( ).
(1) Year-to-year growth ÷ initial level (2) Period-to-period growth ÷ initial level (3) Period-to-period growth ÷ previous level (4) Year-to-year growth ÷ development level in the same period last year
14. Development level in dynamic sequence ( ).
(1) It can only be a total indicator (2) It can only be a relative indicator (3) It can only be an average indicator
(4) All the above three indicators can be used
15. The price of potatoes in a farmer's market increased by 5% in February compared with January, and dropped by 2% in March compared with February. The price of potatoes in March is compared with that in January ( ).
(1) Increased by 2.9% (2) Increased by 3% (3) Decreased by 3% (4) Decreased by 2%
16. In 2016, 73 new foreign investment projects were approved in a certain region. This indicator belongs to ( ).
(1) Time point indicator (2) Period indicator (3) Dynamic relative indicator (4) Comparative relative indicator
17. If you want to focus on analyzing the cumulative sum of the development levels of the research phenomenon in each period, the method for calculating the average development speed should be ( ).
(1) Arithmetic mean method (2) Harmonic mean method (3) Geometric mean method (4) Equation method
18. Among the following dynamic analysis indicators, the ones that generally do not take negative values are ( ).
(1) Development speed (2) Growth amount (3) Growth speed (4) Average growth speed
19. It is known that the development speed of a certain indicator of a company is 123%, then the following statement is correct.
(1) It means that the development trend of this phenomenon is good. (2) It means that the development trend of this phenomenon is not good.
(3) Explain the general growth trend of this phenomenon. (4) It should be based on the nature and content of the indicator.
True or False
1. The quotient of the development speed of two adjacent fixed bases is equal to the corresponding chain development speed (√)
2. The year-to-year increase or decrease level reflects the absolute amount of increase or decrease in the development level of the current period compared with the development level of the previous period. (×)
3. Arrange the increase in enrollment of a certain university over the years in chronological order, and the dynamic sequence formed belongs to the time point sequence. (×)
4. If the growth amount in each period is equal, the growth rate in each period is also equal. (×)
5. The best way to judge the best fitting trend is to judge by the sum of squared deviations ∑ (y-y:) 2 between each line y and the actual value y (√)
6. The output value of a certain enterprise's products has increased four times compared with last year, that is, it has quadrupled. (×)
7. If the seasonal ratio is equal to 1 or the seasonal variation is equal to 0, it means there is no seasonal variation. (√)
8. The indicator values of dynamic sequence can only be expressed as absolute numbers. (×)
9. For a dynamic sequence, if the increasing speed in the middle years is greater than the increasing speed in the last year, then the average development speed calculated by the equation method is greater than the average development speed calculated by the geometric mean method. (√)
10. If the period-by-period growth is equal every year, the chain development speed of each year will decrease year by year. (√)
11. The scrap rate of a company's products is decreasing month by month. In January, 12,500 pieces were produced, with a scrap rate of 2.4%; in February, 13,800 pieces were produced, with a scrap rate of 2.2%; in March, 11,200 pieces were produced, with a scrap rate of 2%. Then the average scrap rate in the first quarter is (2.4%+2.2%+2%)/3=2.2% (×)
12. The average growth rate is not directly obtained based on each growth rate, but calculated based on the average development rate. (√)
Chapter 5 Exercises
Multiple choice questions
The narrow index is a relative number that reflects the comprehensive change in quantity ( ).
(1) Finite population (2) Infinite population (3) Complex population (4) Simple population
2. When compiling a comprehensive index of quantitative indicators, it is best to fix the same measurement factors at ( )
(1) Reporting period (2) Base period (3) Planning period (4) Any period
3. If the output of a company during the reporting period increased by 10% compared with the base period, and the production expenses increased by 8%, the unit cost of its products decreased ( ).
（1）1.8% （2）2% （3）20% （4）18%
4.
express( )
(1) Increase or decrease in output value due to price changes
(2) Increase or decrease in output due to price changes
(3) Price increases or decreases in quantity due to changes in output
(4) Increase or decrease in output value due to changes in output
5. The price of a certain commodity changes, and the current 100 yuan is only worth the original 90 yuan, then the price index is ( ).
（1）10% （2）90% （3）110% （4）111%
6. While maintaining a basic standard of living, a resident pays 20 yuan more for consumption based on prices in the reporting period. If the expenditure on consumer goods purchased based on base period prices is 400 yuan, the price index is ( ).
（1）95%（2）110%（3）90%（4）105%
7. The average indicator comparison index can be decomposed into two indices, so ( )
(1) Any average indicator can be decomposed
(2) The weighted arithmetic average index and the weighted harmonic average index can be decomposed
(3) Only the weighted arithmetic average indicator can be decomposed
(4) The average indicator is calculated according to the weighted arithmetic average method, and can be decomposed only when there is data on variable values and weights.
8. Comprehensive index of quantitative indicators
The weight when transformed into a weighted arithmetic mean index is ( )
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
9. The calculation formula of the weighted arithmetic mean price index with fixed weights is ( )
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
10. The price index calculated based on the individual price index and sales during the reporting period is
(1) Composite index (2) Average indicator index (3) Weighted arithmetic mean index (4) Weighted harmonic mean index
11. The consumer price index reflects ( ).
(1) Trends and extent of changes in retail prices of urban and rural commodities
(2) Trends and extent of changes in prices of consumer goods purchased by urban and rural residents
(3) Trends and extent of changes in prices of services purchased by urban and rural residents
(4) Trends and extent of price changes for urban and rural residents purchasing consumer goods and services
12. It is known that the comprehensive price index of two stocks bought by Zhang has risen by 24 points. The average closing price of today's stocks is 14 yuan, and the average closing price of the previous day is ( ) yuan.
（1）10.64（2）0.5（3）11.29（4）1
13. An average index comparison index that can be decomposed into a fixed composition index and a structural influence index. Its numerator and denominator are usually ( ).
(1) Simple harmonic mean (2) Simple arithmetic mean (3) Weighted harmonic mean (4) Weighted arithmetic mean
14. The formula of average price variable index is ( )
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
15. Under the premise of mastering the labor productivity and number of employees of the three enterprises in the reporting period and the base period, to calculate the changes in the overall average level of labor productivity of the three enterprises, ( )
(1) Quality indicator index (2) Variable composition index (3) Fixed composition index (4) Structural impact index
16. Three companies of a company produce the same product. Due to the reduction in costs of each company, the company's average cost decreases by 15%. Due to changes in the proportion of various product outputs, the company's average cost increases by 10%. The company's average cost in the reporting period is higher than that in the base period. reduce( ).
（1）5%（2）6.5%（3）22.7%（4）333%
17. In an index system composed of three indexes, the same metric factors of two factor indexes are usually ( ).
(1) Both are fixed in the base period (2) Both are fixed in the reporting period (3) One is fixed in the base period and the other is fixed in the reporting period
(4) Use the average of the base period and the reporting period
18. If the output value increases by 50% and the number of employees increases by 20%, the labor productivity of all employees will increase ( ).
（1）25% （2）30% （3）70% （4）150%
19. The sales data of two products in a certain store are as shown in the table below
| product name |
Sales index (%) |
price index(%) |
Sales volume index (%) |
| TV set |
100 |
95 |
- |
| washing machine |
- |
100 |
125 |
The missing value in the table is ( ).
(1) 105 sum 125 (2) 95 sum 85 (3) 85 sum 80 (4) 95 sum 80
20. In the index system, the quantitative relationship between the total index and the index of each factor is ( ).
(1) The total index is equal to the sum of the indexes of each factor
(2) The total index is equal to the difference between the indexes of each factor
(3) The total index is equal to the product of the indexes of each factor
(4) The total index is equal to the quotient of each factor index
True or False
1. To analyze the overall quantitative changes of complex phenomena, only the comprehensive index method can be used. (×)
2. When compiling the comprehensive index, although the same measurement factors are fixed, the same measurement factors still play the role of weights. (√)
3. Non-comprehensive statistical data are often used when compiling the overall index just to save manpower, material and financial resources. (×)
4. Laspeyre’s quantity index is not the only formula for compiling a comprehensive index of quantity indicators. (√)
5. The statistical index that explains the overall scale and level changes of the phenomenon is the quality index. (×)
6. In the analysis of average index change factors, the variable composition index is an index that excludes the impact of various structural changes in the population. (×)
7. In an index system composed of three indexes, the same-measurement factor indicators of two factor indexes are different. (√)
8. After the price is reduced, the same amount of RMB can purchase 15% more goods, so the price index should be 85%. (×)
9. Compared with the previous year, if prices rise by 10% this year, 1 yuan this year is only worth last year. (×)
10. If the prices of various commodities increase by 5% on average and the sales volume decreases by 5% on average, then the sales volume will be yuan. The sales index remains unchanged. (×)
Chapter 6 Exercises
Multiple choice questions
1. The main purpose of sample survey is ( ).
(1) Calculate and control sampling error (2) In order to apply probability theory (3) Infer the value of the overall indicator based on the value of the sample indicator (4) In order to carry out in-depth investigation and research
2. The central limit theorem can guarantee that under a large number of observations ( ).
(1) The sample average tends to approach the overall average
(2) The sample variance tends to approach the population variance
(3) The sample mean distribution tends to approach the normal distribution
(4) The sample proportion tends to be closer to the overall proportion
3. Sample mean and total and population mean ( ).
(1) The former is a certain value and the latter is a random variable
(2) The former is a random variable and the latter is a certain value
(3) Both are random variables
(4) Both are definite values
4. The method for calculating the sample variance in a sampling survey is,
This is( ).
(1) For the purpose of estimating the variance of the population (2) Only limited to small sample applications (3) Applied when the value is greater than 5%
(4) In order to make the calculation more accurate
5. The sampling limit error refers to the difference between the sampling index and the overall index ( )
(1) The average number of sampling errors (2) The standard deviation of sampling errors (3) The reliability of sampling errors
(4) Maximum possible range of sampling error
6. The definition of sampling error is ( ).
(1) The possible range of sampling error between sampling indicators and overall indicators
(2) The possible degree of sampling error between sampling indicators and overall indicators
(3) The quantitative difference between the sample indicator and the overall indicator to be estimated
(4) Standard deviation of the sampling mean
7. The average error of pure random sampling (replication) depends on ( )
(1) Number of sample units (2) Population variance (3) Number of sample units and the proportion of the number of sample units in the population
(4) Number of sample units and population variance
8. In the formula of sampling average error
This factor is always ( ).
(1) Greater than 1 (2) Less than 1 (3) Equal to 1 (4) The only certain value
9. When other conditions remain unchanged, improve the probability guarantee degree of estimation and the accuracy of its estimation ( ).
(1) Expand accordingly (2) Shrink accordingly (3) Remain unchanged (4) Unable to determine
10. According to a survey of 10 calls on the city’s telephone network, it was found that the average duration of each call is 4 minutes and the standard deviation is 2 minutes. Under the requirement of a probability guarantee of 95.45%, the estimated duration of each call in the city is ( ) .
(1) Between 3.9~4.1 minutes (2) Between 3.8~4.2 minutes
(3) Between 3.7~4.3 minutes (4) Between 3.6~4.4 minutes
11. Starting from pure theory, the sampling method that is most intuitively consistent with the random principle is ( )
(1) Simple random sampling (2) Type sampling (3) Equidistant sampling (4) Cluster sampling
12. If the size of each group is very different, it is appropriate to use ( ).
(1) Ratio estimation method (2) Equidistant sampling method
(3) Type sampling method (4) Method combining equal probability sampling and ratio estimation
13. For quality inspection of a certain continuously produced product, it is required to take out 10 minutes of product for inspection every hour. This sampling method is
(1) Simple random sampling (2) Type sampling (3) Equidistant sampling (4) Cluster sampling
14. Use simple random repeated sampling to select sample units. If you want to reduce the average sampling error by 50%, the sample size needs to be expanded to the original ( ).
(1) 2 times (2) 3 times (3) 4 times (4) 5 times
15. In hypothesis testing, if the H hypothesis that is not actually true is accepted due to sampling chance, then ().
(1) Make a Type II error (2) Infer correctly (3) Make a Type II error
(4) It is possible to make a Type I error and to infer correctly
16. A manufacturing company took two samples from the same part processed by two machine tools on a certain day to test whether the processing accuracy of the two machine tools was the same, and then put forward the hypothesis ( ).
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
17. In the hypothesis test of the population parameters, if the significance level a is given (0<a<1), the probability of making a Type I error is ().
(1)a (2)1-a (83)a/2 (4) Unsure
18. If the population obeys the normal distribution and the population variance is known, the statistic ( ) is usually used to test the population mean.
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
19. The weight of each package of products packaged by the automatic packaging machine of a certain enterprise must obey the normal distribution, which stipulates that the variance of the weight of each package shall not exceed A. In order to check whether the packaging machine is working normally, a sampling inspection of the products produced by it is carried out, and the original hypothesis is taken. for
, the test level is 0.05, then the following statement is correct ( ).
(1) If production is normal, the probability that the inspection results are also considered normal is 95%
(2) If the production is abnormal, the probability that the inspection results are also considered abnormal is 95%
(3) If the inspection results are considered normal, the probability that the production is indeed normal is 95%
(4) If the inspection results are considered abnormal, the probability that the production is indeed abnormal is 95%
20. Among the five samples of ore sand, the average copper content was measured as
. Assume that the copper content obeys the normal distribution, and the variance
unknown, in
To test the overall mean under =0.01, take the statistic ( )
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
2. Judgment questions
1. The average of all possible sample means is equal to the population average. (√)
2. Sampling error is inevitable, but people can control the size of sampling error by adjusting the size of the population variance. (×)
3. Check the accuracy of the survey data, not only to check the registration error of the survey data, but also to check the representative error of the data. (×)
4. The sampling error of repeated sampling must be greater than the sampling error of non-repeated sampling. (√)
5. Generally speaking, the error of categorical sampling is smaller than that of pure random sampling. (√)
6. The number of sample units can affect the size of the sampling error, but the size of the overall sign variation has nothing to do with the sampling error (×)
7. The normal distribution generally has two parameters, one is the mean (expected value) X, and the other is the mean square error σ. After these two parameters are determined, a normal distribution is also determined. (√)
8. Whether the null hypothesis is accepted or not is related to the selected test statistic and has nothing to do with a (significant level). (×)
9. In one-sided test, due to the different null hypotheses proposed, it can be divided into left-side test and right-side test (√)
10. Point estimation is to use the actual value of the sample directly as the estimated value of the corresponding population parameter (√)
Chapter 7 Exercises
Multiple choice questions
1. In the correlation relationship, the graph used to determine the type of correlation between two variables is ( )
(1) Histogram (2) Scatter plot (3) Frequency distribution polygon graph (4) Cumulative frequency curve graph
2. If two related variables change in opposite directions, their correlation coefficient r ( )
(1) Less than 0 (2) Greater than 0 (3) Equal to 0 (4) Equal to 1
3. Under normal distribution conditions, draw two straight lines parallel to the regression line with 2Sx (hint: Sx is the estimated standard error) as the distance. In these two parallel straight lines, the number of observations included is approximately all observations. worth it( )
（1）68.27% （2）90.11% （3）95.45% （4）99.73%
4. The relationship between reasonable fertilization amount and crop yield per mu is ( ).
(1) Functional relationship (2) One-way causal relationship (3) Mutual causation (4) Strict dependence
5. Correlation refers to the relationship between variables ( )
(1) Strict relationship (2) Loose relationship (3) Relationship between any two variables
(4) Intrinsic but not strict quantitative dependence
6. The relationship between the known variables X and Y is as shown in the figure. The correlation coefficient is calculated and placed in four
Among the alternative answers, it is ( ).
（1）0.29 （2）-0.88 （3）1.03 （4）0.99
7. If the correlation coefficient between variable x and variable y is -1, this means that the relationship between the two variables is ( ).
(1) Low correlation (2) Complete correlation (3) High correlation (4) Completely irrelevant
8.If known
yes
2 times,
yes
1.2 times of , then the correlation coefficient
r=（ ）
（1）
（2）
（3）0.92 （4）0.65
9. When there is only the possibility of matching a regression line between two related variables, then the relationship between the two variables is ( ).
(1) Obvious causal relationship (2) Self-correlation (3) Complete correlation
(4) There is no obvious causal relationship but there is mutual connection.
10. Before calculating the correlation coefficient, the two variables should first be ( )
(1) Qualitative analysis (2) Quantitative analysis (3) Regression analysis (4) Factor analysis
11. The analysis index used to explain the representativeness of the dependent variable estimate is ( ).
(1) Correlation coefficient (2) Regression coefficient (3) Regression parameter (4) Estimated standard error
12. When determining the regression equation, the two relevant variables are required ( )
(1) All are random variables (2) None are random variables (3) Only the dependent variable is a random variable (4) Only the independent variable is a random variable
13. Annual labor productivity
(thousand yuan) and employee wages
The regression equation between (yuan) is
. This means that when the annual labor productivity increases by 1,000 yuan, the average employee salary will be ( ).
(1) Increase by 70 yuan (2) Decrease by 70 yuan (3) Increase by 80 yuan (4) Decrease by 80 yuan
14. A basic condition that must be met for a trend line using the least squares method is ( )
（1）
Minimum value (2)
minimum value
（3）
Maximum (4)
maximum value
15. When using a regression equation for estimation and calculation, ( )
(1) Only the dependent variable can be used to infer the independent variable (2) Only the independent variable can be used to infer the dependent variable
(3) Either the dependent variable can be used to deduce the independent variable, or the independent variable can be used to deduce the dependent variable. (4) There is no need to consider the dependent variable and the independent variable.
16. It is known that the output of a certain product of a company has a direct relationship with the production cost. On this straight line, when the output is 1,000, the production cost is 30,000 yuan, of which the cost that does not change with the output is 6,000 yuan, then the total cost The regression line equation of is ( ).
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
17. The linear regression equation between the cost of castings per ton (yuan) and the labor productivity of each employee (tons/person) is y=300-2.5x, which means that when labor productivity increases by 1 ton, the cost ( )
(1) Decreased by 297.5 yuan (2) Increased by 297.5 yuan (3) Increased by 2.5 yuan (4) Decreased by 2.5 yuan
18. In the following linear regression equation, ( ) is wrong
（1）y=35+0.3x，r=0.8 （2）y=-124+1.4x，r=0.89
（3）y=18-2.2x，r=0.74 （4）y=-87-0.9x，7=-0.9
19. Multiple linear regression equation
middle
,illustrate( )
（1）
degree of correlation between
（2）
For every unit change,
How many units does the average change
(3) When
When unchanged,
For every unit change,
How many units does the average change
(4) Influence
When all factors remain unchanged,
For every unit change,
How many units does the average change
20. It is known that there is a negative correlation between variable x and variable y. Point out that the following error regression equation is ( ).
（1）
（2）
（3）
（4）
2. Judgment questions
1. The correlation coefficient is the only way to measure the close relationship between two variables. (×)
2. The correlation coefficient between the output of product A and the unit cost is -0.9, and the correlation coefficient between the output of product B and the unit cost is 0.8, so the correlation between product B and unit cost is higher than that of product B. (×)
3. The correlation coefficient is 0, indicating that there is no relationship between the two variables. (×)
4. No matter which variable is assumed to be the independent variable among the two variables
, which is the dependent variable
, can calculate a correlation coefficient. (√)
5. The total cost of a product increases with the increase in output. This phenomenon is a functional relationship. (×)
6. If the covariances of two sets of data are the same, it means that the correlation directions of the two sets of data are also the same. (√)
7. The larger the correlation coefficient r, the estimated standard error
The larger the value, the lower the accuracy of the simple linear regression equation (×)
8. From the linear regression equation
, known variables
and
exist between. (√)
9. When the regression coefficient b is greater than 0 or less than 0, the correlation coefficient r is also greater than 0 or has a small positive correlation with. (√)
10. When there is a strict functional relationship between variables x and y, the regression line of x leaning on y and the regression line of y leaning on x can coincide. (√)
Chapter 8 Exercises
1. Among the various links of social reproduction, the central link is ( )
(1) Production (2) Distribution (3) Circulation (4) Use
2. National economic accounting is an important means to implement modern management of ( ) and strengthen overall control and regulation.
(1) Market economy (2) Planned economy (3) Macroeconomics (4) Mesoeconomics
3. Among the five major accounts of national economic accounting, the one that belongs to stock accounting is ( )
(1) Gross domestic product (2) Input-output accounting (3) Capital outflow accounting Assets and liabilities accounting
(4) Asset and liability accounting
4. Resident unit refers to an economic unit with a center of economic interests in a country ( )
(1) Geographical territory (2) Territorial sea (3) Airspace (4) Economic territory
5. The key to calculating added value using the production method is (2)
(1) Correctly calculate material consumption (2) Correctly calculate intermediate inputs (3) Correctly calculate outsourced goods
(4) Correctly calculate outsourced services
6. The method of directly calculating GDP using final consumption, gross capital formation and net exports is called ( )
(1) Absorption method (2) Production method (3) Expenditure method (4) Indirect method
7. The English abbreviation and application scope of the System of National Accounts is ( )
(1) MPS, planned economy country (2) MPS, market economy country (3) SNA, market economy country
(4) SNA, for planned economy countries
8. Production accounts reflect the economic entities in the accounting period ( )
(1) Value created through production (2) Income formed through production (3) Income obtained through production
(4) The value created through production and the corresponding income form
9. At present, my country classifies self-employed persons as ( )
(1) Non-financial corporate sector (2) Financial institution sector (3) Government sector (4) Household sector
10. Institutional unit refers to an economic entity that owns assets, assumes liabilities, engages in economic activities, and ( ).
(1) Ability to trade with other units (2) Located in one location (3) Established in accordance with the law
(4) Including multiple grassroots units
11. Industrial sector classification is a sectoral classification of ( ) based on the principle of homogeneity of main products.
(1) Institutional unit (2) Industrial activity unit (3) Grassroots unit (4) Basic unit
12. The left side of the "Gross Domestic Product Table" is ( )
(1) Producer (2) User (3) Source (4) Spender
13. The System of National Accounts SNA adopts the ( ) method in its accounting method.
(1) Horizontal balance sheet (2) Vertical balance sheet (3) Double-entry accounting (4) Sampling inference
14. ( ) in the input-output table reflects the technical and economic connections formed in the production process between various industrial departments.
(1) Quadrant I (2) Quadrant II (3) Quadrant III (4) Quadrant IV
15. China’s national economic accounting system is composed of ( ).
(1) Basic tables, accounting accounts and subsidiary tables (2) National economic balance sheet, national economic accounts and subsidiary tables
(3) Basic accounting tables, national economic accounts and supplementary tables (4) Basic tables and national economic accounts
True or False
1. The system of national accounts and the system of balance sheet of material products were once the two major accounting systems in the world. (√)
2. The difference between GDP and GNP is net factor income from abroad. (√)
3. The production scope of national economic accounting includes the production of all goods and services. (× )
4. Depreciation of fixed assets is a transfer of material consumption and is an intermediate input of the production unit. (×)
5. Natural resources belong to the category of economic assets. (×)
6. Flow refers to the amount that occurs in a certain period, and stock refers to the amount at a certain point in time. (√)
7. The System of National Accounts divides all resident institutional units into three institutional sectors. (×)
8. National economic accounting evolved from national income. (√)
9. Among the five basic tables of my country’s national economic accounting system, the GDP table is the core of the basic tables. (√)
10. The source of national economic accounts records income, changes in assets and stocks of assets. (×)