Title: In-depth analysis of the Linux system directory structure: Understand each folder under the root directory
Abstract: This article will introduce the directory structure of the Linux operating system in detail and analyze the purpose and function of each folder under the root directory. Understanding the Linux system directory structure is crucial for system management, file management, and troubleshooting. This article will provide readers with valuable technical guidance and practical knowledge.
preface:
The directory structure of the Linux operating system is one of its core components. Understanding the levels and functions of the Linux system directory structure will help system administrators better manage files, configure the system, and troubleshoot faults. This article will start from the root directory, deeply analyze the Linux system directory structure, and introduce the purpose and function of each folder. Let us explore the mystery of the Linux system directory together!
- Root directory(/):
The root directory is the starting point of the entire Linux file system and contains the following important folders:
- /bin: Stores binary executable files, such as commonly used commands (ls, cp, etc.).
- /boot: Contains the files required to start Linux, including the kernel, initialization image and boot loader.
- /dev: Stores device files, used to interact with hardware devices.
- /etc: Stores system configuration files, such as network settings, user permissions, and service configurations.
- /home: The parent directory of the user's home directory. Each user has an independent subdirectory.
- /lib: Stores shared library files related to system startup and operation.
- /media: Mount point for removable devices (such as CDs and USB flash drives).
- /mnt: Temporary mount point, used to mount other file systems.
- /opt: Directory for installing additional packages.
- /proc: Virtual file system, providing dynamic access interface to kernel and process information.
- /root: The home directory of the super user (root).
- /run: The storage directory for runtime files, including temporary files generated when the system starts.
- /sbin: Stores system management commands used by system administrators.
- /srv: Stores service-related data files.
- /sys: Virtual file system, providing hardware device information and control interfaces.
- /tmp: Directory for storing temporary files.
- /usr: Directory for storing system software and user applications.
- /var: Stores variable data such as log files, caches, and runtime files.
- Other important folders:
In addition to the folders in the root directory, there are also some important folders that require special attention:
- /bin, /sbin and /usr/bin, /usr/sbin: store some system commands and executable files.
- /lib, /lib64 and /usr/lib, /usr/lib64: store library files.
- /etc/default and /etc/init.d: used to store the default configuration and startup scripts of system services.
- /var/log: stores system log files.
in conclusion:
The Linux system directory structure is crucial for system administration, file management, and troubleshooting. It provides an orderly and consistent hierarchical structure that facilitates administrators' file management and configuration management. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the purpose and function of each folder in the root directory, hoping to help readers understand and manage the directory structure in the Linux system. Understanding the Linux system directory structure will make you a more efficient and proficient Linux system administrator. I hope this article can provide readers with valuable technical guidance and practical knowledge!