C++ calls python in windows environment

Environment setup

Choose 1 from 2

1. Prepare 32-bit python and 32-bit mingw
2. Prepare 64-bit python and 64-bit mingw64

• 32-bit mingw download address: https://disk.baidu.com/s/1Z25NxrRuOsjOKWXddTNyeg Extraction code: dvgl
• 64-bit mingw64 download address: https://www.onlinedown.net/soft/10045442.htm
  • Those who are capable can also download it directly from mingw’s official website: https://www.mingw-w64.org/

Set the path to g++.exe as an environment variable

• Take mingw64 as an example (32-bit is the same)
• Unzip the downloaded mingw64 above and unzip the files inside to your favorite path.
  
  

Set up a python environment (omitted)

After g++ and python are set up, you can start hello word!

Compile c++ code into exe program

• Create a new c_call_py.cpp

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <Python.h>

int main(int argc, char *argv[]){
    
    
    Py_Initialize();
    PyRun_SimpleString("print('hello world')\n");
    Py_Finalize();
    system("pause");  // 暂停
    return 0;
}

• Open cmd (preferably run with administrator rights)
• Enter g++ c_call_py.cpp in cmd -I "My computer's python path\include" -L "My computer's python path/libs" -l My computer's python .lib -o test
  • For example, my computer python3.8 inputs like this
  • g++ c_call_py.cpp -I “C:\Program Files\Python38\include” -L"C:/Program Files/Python38/libs" -lpython38 -o test

• Compiled and generated test.exe
  
  

• Potential pitfalls you may encounter along the way

  1. Most of what you see on Baidu search is this command line: g++ main.cpp -I/usr/include/python3.5 -lpython3.5m -o test
     • I've been stuck here for a long time. The call to the win environment is not suitable for this command at all.
  2. Unresolved external symbol __imp_Py_Initialize…
     • The reason is that mingw and python are not the same 64 or 32. I initially called 64-bit python with 32-bit mingw, which caused this error.