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Author: Mei Jin and Feng Lifei , source: Science Network
At about 5:45 pm on October 2, Beijing time, the 2023 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was announced. American scientists Katalin Karikó and Drew Weissman won the award in recognition of their "discovery of nucleoside modifications that led to the development of an effective anti-COVID-19 mRNA vaccine."
The single prize for the 2023 Nobel Prize is 11 million Swedish kronor (approximately RMB 7.3462 million), an increase of 1 million Swedish krona compared with last year.
The message area will be continuously updated with detailed reports on the winners .
List of Nobel Prize winners in Physiology or Medicine in the past 8 years
2022 - Swedish scientist Svante Pääbo won the award for "discoveries in the genome and human evolution of extinct ancient humans."
2021 - American scientists David Julius and Ardem Patapoutian won the award. The reason for the award is "for the discovery of temperature and touch receptors."
2020 - Three American and British scientists, Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton and Charles M. Rice, won the award for "the discovery of the hepatitis C virus."
2019 - Three American and British scientists, William G. Kaelin Jr, Sir Peter J. Ratcliffe and Gregg L. Semenza, won the award for "discovering how cells sense and adapt to the availability of oxygen."
2018 - American scientist James P. Allision and Japanese scientist Tasuku Honjo won the award for "the discovery of a cancer therapy that inhibits negative immune regulation."
2017 - Three American scientists, Jeffrey C. Hall, Michael Rosbash and Michael W. Young, won the award for "the discovery of the molecular mechanism that regulates circadian rhythm."
2016 - Japanese scientist Yoshinori Ohsumi won the award for "discovering the autophagy mechanism."
2015 - Chinese scientist Tu Youyou won the award for "the discovery of new treatments for malaria"; the other two award-winning scientists were William C. Campbell of Ireland and Satoshi Ōmura of Japan, for "the discovery of new treatments for roundworm parasite infections". The Discovery of Therapeutics.”
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
——From 1901 to 2022, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded 113 times. The nine years that have not been issued are 1915, 1916, 1917, 1918, 1921, 1925, 1940, 1941, and 1942.
——Of the 113 awards, 40 were awarded to individual winners, 34 were shared by two people, and 39 were shared by three people.
——From 1901 to 2022, a total of 225 people have won the award.
——The youngest winner is Canadian scientist Frederick G. Banting, who won the award in 1923 for his "discovery of insulin" at the age of 32.
——The oldest winner is American scientist Peyton Rous, who won the award in 1966 for "the discovery of tumor-inducing viruses" at the age of 87.
——Among the 225 Nobel Prize winners in Physiology or Medicine, 12 are women. They are Gerty Cori in 1947, Rosalyn Yalow in 1977, Barbara McClintock in 1983, Rita Levi-Montalcini in 1986, Gertrude B. Elion in 1988, Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard in 1995, and Linda B. in 2004. Buck, Françoise Barré-Sinoussi in 2008, Elizabeth H. Blackburn and Carol W. Greider in 2009, May-Britt Moser in 2014, and Tu Youyou in 2015.
——As of 2022, no one has won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine twice or more.
——Since 1974, the Nobel Prize Committee’s charter has clearly stipulated that the Nobel Prize will not be awarded to deceased scientists unless the death occurs after the Nobel Prize Committee issues the award announcement. The 2011 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is the only exception so far. At that time, the Nobel Prize committee discovered that one of the winners that year, Ralph Steinman, had died three days before the news of the award was announced. After studying the charter, the Nobel Prize Committee announced that the Nobel Prize would still be awarded to Ralph Steinman because the organizing committee was not aware of his death when it announced the award.
——The "family" Nobel Prize in the history of the Nobel Prize.
Couples: Gerty Cori and Carl Cori won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1947; May-Britt Moser and Edvard I. Moser won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2014;
Father and son: Hans von Euler-Chelpin won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1929, and his son Ulf von Euler won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1970; Arthur Kornberg won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1959, and his son Roger D. Kornberg won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 2006; Sune Bergström won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1982, and his son Svante Pääbo won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2022.
Brothers: Jan Tinbergen won the Nobel Prize in Economics in 1969, and his brother Nikolaas Tinbergen won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1973.
Nobel Prize winner, like three times in a row ↓