the difference
The ARM64 architecture is developed by ARM and uses a reduced instruction set (pursuing energy saving and low power consumption). Usually used in CPUs such as mobile phones and tablets. Currently, laptops also use ARM64 architecture CPUs. For example, mac m1 is arm64 (view command: uname -m)
x86_64 is AMD64 (developed by amd) and intel64 (developed by intel), both developed based on x86, and both use complex instruction sets (pursuing performance and high power consumption). Typically used in laptops, desktops, servers, supercomputers
Centos7 uses different images to support different CPU architectures.
Some interludes:
In the early days, Intel first developed its own x86 architecture, and then AMD obtained the authorization to do x86. Then when Intel transitioned to 64-bit, it created ia64 (x64 architecture). Because it was incompatible with the x86 architecture, the market response was extremely poor. AMD took the lead in developing 64-bit compatibility of x86 (mixed architecture of 32 and 64), which is now x86-64. Intel in turn asked AMD for authorization (the patents of Intel and AMD are very overlapping) to produce x86-64. Because amd came up with it first, x86-64 is also called amd64.
With the growing demand for data centers, the competition for core chips has become increasingly fierce. ARM has entered the server market. The area of ARM single core is only 1/7 of the X86 core. The same chip size can inherit more cores. Through the "pile core" approach, ARM architecture processors can maintain low power consumption even with rapid performance improvements. According to data given by Ampere, its CPU performance is three times higher than that of traditional x86 processors, and its performance-to-power ratio is nearly four times ahead. Compared with x86 server CPUs, the Ampere Altra series consumes 50% less energy and provides 200% better performance. In recent years, with the rise of the ARM architecture, many giants have begun to develop their own ARM-based server chips, including Amazon, Google and even Microsoft abroad, and domestic Tencent, Alibaba, Huawei, etc. are actively involved.
The simple instruction set is an architecture of arm, and the patent is in the hands of ARM. The CPUs of this architecture mainly include Qualcomm, Samsung, Apple, Huawei HiSilicon, MediaTek and other companies.
The complex instruction set is x86 and x64 (also called x86-64, amd64). The patents are in the hands of two companies, Intel and AMD. The CPUs of this architecture are mainly from Intel and AMD.