[Computer Network] Lesson 4-Physical Layer

16967001:

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Table of contents

1. Basic concepts of physical layer

2. The main tasks of the physical layer protocol 

3. Physical layer tasks

4. Summary 


1. Basic concepts of physical layer

        In computer networks, there are many types of transmission media used to connect various network devices. It can be roughly divided into two categories, one is guided transmission media , and the other is unguided transmission media .

 guided transmission media

① Twisted pair

② Coaxial cable

③ Optical fiber 

unguided transmission media

① Microwave communication (2~40 GHz) 

② WiFi in 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz frequency bands

        The physical layer in the computer network architecture is to solve the problem of transmitting bits 0 and 1 on various transmission media , and then provide the data link layer with a transparent transmission bit stream service. The so-called "transparent" means that the data link layer is invisible, and there is no need to see what method the physical layer uses to transmit bits 0 and 1. It just needs to enjoy the bit stream transmission service provided by the physical layer.


2. The main tasks of the physical layer protocol 

        In order to solve the problem of transmitting bits 0 and 1 on various transmission media, the physical layer mainly has the following four tasks.

① Mechanical properties

Specify the shape  and  size         of the connector used for the interface  , the number  and  arrangement of pins , and the securing  and  locking  devices. 

② Electrical characteristics

Indicates the range of voltages         that appear on each line of the interface cable

③ Functional characteristics

        Indicates what a certain level of voltage appearing on a certain line means .

④ Process characteristics

Specify the order of occurrence of various possible events         for different functions

        There are many types of transmission media , such as twisted pairs, optical fibers, etc. There are also many physical connection methods , such as point-to-point links, broadcast connections, etc. Therefore, there are many types of physical layer protocols . Each physical layer protocol contains the specific content of the above four tasks. Therefore, when learning the physical layer, we should focus on mastering basic concepts rather than a specific physical layer protocol.


3. Physical layer tasks

① How can the physical layer transmit data bit streams on transmission media connecting various computers.

② The physical layer shields the data link layer from the differences in various transmission media, so that the data link layer only needs to consider how to complete the protocols and services of this layer without having to consider the specific transmission media of the network.


4. Summary 

        This is the summary of this issue’s sharing. If you have any questions, let’s discuss them in the comment area~~~. The author will definitely reply. See you in the next issue! ! !

It is inevitable that there will be omissions and errors in the blog, which are all due to the limited skill of the author. We sincerely ask readers to correct me!

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Origin blog.csdn.net/qq_51870334/article/details/131904500