Air-Ground Collaborative Intelligent Fire Protection System (Topic G)--2023 National College Student Electronic Design Competition Examination Questions

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Air-Ground Collaborative Intelligent Fire Protection System (Topic G) [Undergraduate Group]

1. Task
2. Requirements
- 1. Basic requirements
- 2. Play part
3. Description
4. Scoring Criteria
Open source reference for excellent works (source: Lichuang Open Source Platform)
PDF
2023 Competition Question G Attached Picture

1. Task

Design an air-ground collaborative intelligent firefighting system consisting of a quad-rotor drone and a fire truck. A vertically downward laser pointer is installed on the drone to indicate the patrol path. The patrol area is 40dm×48dm. The drone can cover an 8dm width area on the ground when patrolling. Based on the principle of shortening the time to complete full coverage patrol, the drone patrols according to the planned route. After discovering the fire, take preliminary fire-fighting measures immediately and send the fire source location information to the fire truck so that it can go to extinguish the fire source. The shorter the completion time for joint air-ground patrol and firefighting work, the better.

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2. Requirements

1. Basic requirements

(1) Participating teams need to make their own simulated fire sources. The simulated fire source is a battery-powered red light source, such as LED, etc., which can be turned on or off by continuously irradiating it with a laser pointer: Continuous irradiation for about 2 seconds to turn on, and then continual irradiation for about 2 seconds to turn off.
(2) Show the planned patrol route map. After pressing the button on the fire truck to start the drone to take off vertically, the drone will complete full coverage patrol in the patrol area according to the planned route at a height of about 18dm.
(3) Wireless communication is used between the drone and the fire truck; during patrol, the drone sends position coordinate information to the fire truck once per second, and the display on the fire truck updates and displays the drone's position coordinate information in real time.
(4) During patrol, the fire truck display displays the patrol track curve, and calculates and displays the cumulative patrol distance.
(5) After completing the patrol, the drone returns and lands accurately in the take-off area.

2. Play part

(1) Manually operate the laser pointer to light a fire source. Launch drone patrol on fire truck. The drone patrols the planned route. After discovering a fire, it goes to the fire source (horizontal distance ≤ 5dm) to identify and confirm, and then uses an LED indicator light on the drone to warn.
(2) The drone flies above the fire source, lowers to a height of about 10dm, hovers for 3 seconds and then drops the fire-extinguishing package. The fire-extinguishing package falls within a circular area with the fire source as the center and a radius of 3dm; then place the fire source The position coordinates are sent to the fire truck, and then the patrol continues. After completion, it returns to the take-off point.
(3) After receiving the fire information and displaying the coordinates of the fire source, the fire truck sets out from the fire station to the fire source. It must not run over the block and its boundary lines on the way, and illuminate the simulated fire source with a laser pen beam within a distance of 5dm. Put it out.
(4) After extinguishing the simulated fire source, the fire truck returns to the starting area. The play part is timed to be completed within 360s.
(5) Others.

3. Description

1. Description of fire patrol area

(1) Participating teams are not allowed to change the test environment conditions without authorization when testing at the venue provided by the competition area.
(2) The background color of the matt spray-painted cloth laid in the fire patrol area in Figure 1 is light gray (R-240, G-240, B-240); the white part is the block, and fire trucks are not allowed to enter; the area outside the block is light gray A 1dm×1dm coordinate line is drawn on the ground. The line color is light blue (R-180, G-230, B-255); the lower left is the coordinate origin (0, 0), and the upper right vertex coordinate is (48, 40); The black area in the lower left corner is the take-off and landing point of the drone, and the red area is the parking point of the fire truck. Drones can fly over the entire patrol area, and fire trucks can only drive outside the neighborhood and are not allowed to run over boundary lines.
3) The diameter of the light spot illuminated by the laser pointer on the fire truck on the ground shall not be greater than 2cm; the laser pointer on the drone is fixed and shall not rotate, and the diameter of the light spot shall not be greater than 6mm.
(4) The participating teams need to make 3 simulated fire sources with power switches and place them in certain white blocks according to the judges' instructions. The simulated fire source can be a battery-powered red LED, etc. It must be equipped with an upward
trumpet-shaped hood. The angle of the hood is about 60°, as shown in Figure 2, and the height should not exceed 10cm. A laser pointer can be used to turn it on or off. Once the competition is over, all entries will be sealed in the box.
(5) There is a 1.8cm wide black marking line above and on the right side of the patrol area, which is used for auxiliary positioning of UAVs. Other positioning methods such as UWB can also be used; the coordinate lines in the patrol area are only used to facilitate the observation of UAV navigation. Traces and fire truck locations. When the drone is patrolling and flying, if the laser pointer scans somewhere within the 8dm×8dm thick line frame area, it is deemed that the patrol has covered the area.
(6) Fire extinguishing bags can be made of sandbags and other soft items, with a weight of not less than 10g. There is no limit to how the drone can release fire-extinguishing packages.
(7) A safety net is set up around and on the top of the 40dm×48dm patrol area, and the bracket is outside the safety net. If there is an auxiliary positioning device, it must be outside the patrol area and the space above it.
(8) The test site should avoid direct sunlight, but does not exclude exposure to overhead lighting and ambient light outside the window. The participating teams should consider that the test site will be affected by factors such as external light or uneven indoor lighting; no lighting condition requirements are allowed during the test.

2. Requirements for drones and fire trucks

1) When using drones, participating teams should comply with the relevant regulations of the Civil Aviation Administration of China.
2) The maximum axis distance of the drone shall not be greater than 45cm.
3) The drone blades must be fully protected, otherwise they will not be tested.
4) The laser pointer on the drone is installed vertically downward and must not move or rotate.
5) Before taking off, the drone can be manually placed at the take-off and landing point; manual one-button start take-off, and no human intervention is allowed during the entire flight after take-off; if a start or emergency stop operating device other than the drone is used, one-button start take-off The device must be handed over to staff immediately after operation.
6) During debugging and testing, you must wear protective glasses, protective gloves, and long sleeves and long pants.
7) Fire trucks are required to use 4-wheel electric trolleys, with the length and width projection size not larger than 20cm × 35cm, and the height not larger than 40cm; Mecanum wheels are not allowed.

3. Test requirements and instructions

1) When testing, bring a laser pointer that is the same as the one on the fire truck.
2) The coordinate information such as the location of the fire source and the location of the drone in the question are all projected coordinates on the ground; the coordinates are based on the lower left corner of the patrol area as the origin, and the unit is decimeter (dm).
3) Before starting the test, show the patrol planning route map with dimensions to the test judges in any way.
4) All requirements in the basic requirements and performance part are automatically and continuously completed after being started by the same button. During this period, no human intervention is allowed in the work of the drone or fire truck. After stopping midway, partial results will be recorded.
5) Before performing part of the test, use a laser pointer to light up a simulated fire source according to the instructions of the test judges.
6) Fire trucks can drive in areas with coordinate lines in the patrol area. Points will be deducted if they run over the border of the patrol area and the black boundary line of the block.
7) The battery shall not be replaced during the entire test; the battery is allowed to be replaced between two tests, and the battery replacement time shall not exceed 2 minutes.