Why is learning transfer important?
Define：
The impact of previous learning on new skill learning or skill performance in new situations
Learning transfer is an impact
Three migrations: positive migration, negative migration, zero migration (not discussed)
Difficult to predict and judge
why important？
The practical aspect guides learning methods, and the theoretical aspect deepens our understanding of the learning process.
- Arrange the order of learning skills
Skill learning from simple to complex
The order of skill learning depends on whether the previous learning can have a positive transfer effect on the subsequent learning.
- Kintyre’s taxonomy helps us design skills learning sequences
The classification itself is based on the principle of positive migration.
Partial exercises->whole exercises
Practice in a safe environment: VR
- Used to evaluate the effectiveness of practice conditions
Rule of thumb: transfer testing is the best means of assessment eg: competitions, exams, daily activities (rehabilitation patients)
The only way to evaluate the effectiveness of an exercise is to observe performance results in a test scenario
positive migration
Why does positive migration occur?
The existence of similarities.
Similarity of Skills and Scenario Components
Upper limb coordination, movement sequence, equipment operation, etc.
any observable action
task-specific coordination tendencies
- Theory of the same elements
motor skill goals
Executive attitude
Motor Skill Characteristics: Composition
mental process
It is believed that positive transfer depends on the similarity in components or characteristics between two sets of skills or two performance scenarios.
eg: joint angles, motor skill goals
Dealing with similarity of requirements
- Process Migration Theory
In the cognitive process:
Solve the problem
Quick decision making
Apply rules
attention control
Multitasking
It is argued that positive transfer depends on the degree to which two sets or two performance scenarios are similar in characteristics of cognitive processing.
eg: visual tracking, attention allocation, quick judgment, flexibility
negative transfer
Negative transfer occurs when an old stimulus requires a different response
- The action space position has changed
- The action time structure has changed
Negative transfer is temporary
The negative transfer effect is temporary and only exists in the early stages of skill learning (the cognitive stage of the three-stage learning model)
Why does negative migration occur?
- memory representation
A specific perception-action coupling is formed
- cognitive confusion
Creation of cognitive inertia and confusion about new operational requirements
- intrinsic dynamic system
From the perspective of dynamic system control theory, it is believed that an intrinsic dynamic system has been formed (similar to the existence of an attractor)
