The tar command is used to create or restore Linux files and directories as archives. In addition, tar can also change files in the archive or add new files to the archive . This program was originally designed to back up files to tape (Tape ARchive), hence the name tar

work process

Forward --- packaging and compression

Packaging ---turn a large number of files or directories into one total file

Compression ---Convert a large file into a small file through some compression algorithms

Reverse --- decompression and restoration

Syntax format

tar [option] filename.tar.gz source file

Notice:

Package --- xxx.tar

Compression --- xxx.tar.gz

Parameters and usage

parameter	usage
-c	Create a new archive, i.e. package
-v	Visualize the process of displaying detailed file information processed by tar
-f	File name to be operated on
-x	unzip files
-z	Compress files through gzip ----File format: xxx.tar.gz
-j	Archive compressed files via bzip2 --- File format: xxx.tar.bz2
-J	Use xz compression tool to compress into .xz file --- file format: xxx.tar.xz
-t	Indicates viewing the file content in the file
-C	Decompress to the specified directory, decompress to the current directory without adding -C

Advantages of installing software from source code

Get the latest software version and fix bugs in a timely manner
Flexibly customize software functions according to user needs

Note: Source code compilation environment

A compiler that supports C/C++ programming language needs to be installed

Operating procedures

Unpack - tar

Unpack and release source code files

Configuration - ./configure

Configure the installation parameters for the current system and software environment

Compile - make

Convert source code files into binary executable programs

Install - make install

Copy the compiled program files to the system

Case --- Installing Apache service

1. Obtain the installation package address and download it

Enter Welcome! - The Apache HTTP Server Project to find the httpd software package

At this time, you can choose to download it locally and then transfer it to the LInux virtual machine through Xhell, or use the wget link address to download in the virtual machine.

[root@joker test]# wget https://dlcdn.apache.org/httpd/httpd-2.4.57.tar.gz

2. Unzip the installation package

[root@joker apache]# tar -xvf httpd-2.4.57.tar.gz

3. Use ./configure configuration

Enter the folder and find an executable file named configure. Use ./configure configuration to set the installation directory, installation module and other options.

–prefix=/xx/xx/xx (/xx/xx/xx is the software installation path, just like Windows asking you where the software is installed)

[root@joker local]# ./configure --prefix=/test/apache/

Error --- said APR is missing, we just use yum to install APR

Because I don’t know which apr is missing, I install them all.

[root@joker httpd-2.4.57]# yum install -y apr*

Execute ./configure --prefix=/test/apache/ again

Error --- pcre(2)-config is missing, use yum again to install it

[root@joker httpd-2.4.57]# yum install -y pcre*

Execute ./configure --prefix=/test/apache/ again

4.make compile

Execute the make command directly in the folder to compile

Purpose:

make compile --- to generate executable binary files

[root@joker httpd-2.4.57]# make

Error --- make: command not found..

Generally, this -bash: make: command not found prompt appears because the minimum mini installation is used when installing the system . The system does not have common commands such as make and vim installed . Just install it directly with yum install make .

[root@joker httpd-2.4.57]# yum install make

Execute make again

5.make install installation

[root@joker httpd-2.4.57]# make install

6. Test

Move to the installation directory /test/apache/ and find that there will be a bin directory

[root@joker httpd-2.4.57]# cd /test/apache/
[root@joker apache]# ls

Enter the bin directory and find that there will be two executable files: httpd and apachcetl . You can execute them separately.

[root@joker apache]# cd bin/
[root@joker bin]# ls

Execute two files

[root@joker bin]# ./httpd 
[root@joker bin]# ./apachectl

Turn off firewall

[root@joker bin]# setenforce 0
[root@joker bin]# systemctl stop firewalld

Test access URL