Linux command tar

1. Description

The tar command is used to package or decompress files. The suffix of the packaged files is generally .tar.gz or .tgz

1.1 Packaging and compression

First of all, two concepts must be clarified: packing and compression. Packing refers to turning a large number of files or directories into a total file; compression refers to turning a large file into a small file through some compression algorithms.

Why distinguish these two concepts? This is due to the fact that many compression programs in Linux can only compress one file, so when you want to compress a large number of files, you have to first package the large number of files into a package (tar command), and then use Compressor to compress ( gzip bzip2 command).

2. Usage scenarios

2.1 Packaging

Pack

tar -cvf log.tar log2012.log    仅打包，不压缩！ 
tar -czvf log.tar.gz log2012.log   打包后，以 gzip 压缩 
tar -cjvf log.tar.bz2 log2012.log  打包后，以 bzip2 压缩

package and save its permissions

tar -czvpf log31.tar.gz log2014.log log2015.log log2016.log

In the folder, files newer than a certain date are packaged

tar -N "2012/11/13" -zcvf log17.tar.gz logs/*

Exclude some files

tar --exclude scf/service -zcvf scf.tar.gz scf/*

2.2 Decompression

Check what files are in the tar package

tar -tzvf log.tar.gz

Unzip to the specified directory

tar -xzvf log.tar.gz -C /tmp/logs/

Unzip part of the file

tar -xzvf /opt/soft/test/log30.tar.gz log2013.log

3. Summary

压　缩：tar -czv -f filename.tar.gz 要被压缩的文件或目录名称
查　询：tar -tzv -f filename.tar.gz
解压缩：tar -xzv -f filename.tar.gz -C 欲解压缩的目录