Summary
With the advent of the Internet trend, all walks of life are considering using the Internet to promote themselves. The best way is to establish their own Internet system and maintain and manage it. In actual application, the working rules and development steps of the application software are used to build the postgraduate entrance examination consulting app using Java technology.
This design mainly implements a postgraduate entrance examination consultation app that combines the advantages of humanization, high efficiency, and convenience, and completes functional modules such as communication management, user management, teacher introduction, consultation classification, and postgraduate entrance examination consultation. The system communicates with the server through the browser to realize data interaction and changes. Just use a computer and move your fingers to operate the system and realize data communication management. The design process of the entire system fully considers issues such as data security, stability and reliability, and the operation process is simple. This system improves work efficiency and reduces errors and omissions in data storage through scientific management methods and convenient services.
The postgraduate entrance examination consulting app uses Java language, is developed using SSM technology based on the MVVM model, and is written using the Eclipse compiler. In terms of data, Microsoft's MySQL relational database is mainly used as the data storage medium, and Java+CSS technology is used to complete the system development. .
Keywords: Java development language; ssm framework technology; postgraduate entrance examination consulting app;
Abstract
With the arrival of the internet trend, various industries are considering using the internet to promote themselves. The best way is to establish their own internet system, maintain and manage it. In practical applications, the working rules and development steps of application software are constructed using Java technology to build a postgraduate entrance examination consultation app.
This design mainly implements a postgraduate entrance examination consultation app that combines the advantages of humanization, efficiency, and convenience, completing functional modules such as communication management, user management, teacher introduction, consultation classification, and postgraduate entrance examination consultation. The system communicates with the server through a browser to achieve data interaction and changes. You only need to use a computer and move your fingers to operate the system, achieving data communication management. The entire system design process fully considers issues such as data security, stability, and reliability, and the operation process is simple. This system improves work efficiency and reduces errors and omissions in data storage through scientific management and convenient services.
The postgraduate entrance examination consultation app uses Java language, adopts the MSM technology based on MVVM mode for development, and uses the Eclipse compiler to write. In terms of data, it mainly uses Microsoft's MySQL relational database as the data storage medium, and completes the system development with Java+CSS technology.
Key words:Java development language; SSM framework technology; Graduate Entrance Examination Consultation App；
Table of contents
1.1 Background and significance of topic selection
Chapter 2 Introduction to Related Technologies
2.2 Introduction to ssm framework
3.1. 2 Operational feasibility
3.2 System functional requirements
3.3 System Performance Requirements
4. 1 Overall structural design
Chapter 5 System Implementation
5.1 Implementation of login module
5.2 Implementation of user modules
5.2.1 Implementation of registration module
5.2.2 The teacher introduces the implementation of the collection module
5.2.3 Implementation of comment module
5.2.4 Implementation of communication module
5.3 Implementation of background module
5.3. 1 Implementation of announcement management module
5.3. 2 Implementation of password modification module 2 8
5.3. 3 Implementation of user management module 3 0
5.3. 4 The teacher introduces the implementation of the management module 3 2
5.3. 5 Implementation of Postgraduate Entrance Examination Consulting Management Module 3 3
- introduction
- Background and significance of topic selection
With the rapid development of my country's education industry and the increasingly severe employment prospects faced by college students after graduation, more and more college graduates choose to improve their comprehensive abilities through graduate school. From the number of applicants for the postgraduate entrance examination in recent years, we can see that the number of applicants for the postgraduate entrance examination has increased rapidly. The number of applicants for the postgraduate entrance examination in 2019 was 2.9 million, the number of applicants for the postgraduate entrance examination increased to 3.41 million in 2020, and the number of applicants for the postgraduate entrance examination in 2021 reached 3.77 million. Such a huge number Postgraduate entrance examination group, the demand for postgraduate entrance examination information resources has increased rapidly. However, in today's information age, there are many postgraduate entrance examination information websites and tutoring institutions, which makes it impossible for candidates to accurately and comprehensively choose the appropriate tutoring institution. For postgraduate entrance examination students, in order to obtain accurate postgraduate entrance examination information and suitable postgraduate entrance examination Information requires a lot of time and effort. At present, there are two main ways to obtain information and materials related to the postgraduate entrance examination. The first is to search online, and access the China Graduate Admissions Information Network (hereinafter referred to as the Graduate Admissions Network), the official websites of various schools and colleges, or through search engines such as Baidu and Sohu. Some other websites are used to obtain materials and information, but now the information on the Internet is complicated and sometimes even difficult to distinguish between true and false. It takes a lot of time and energy for candidates to obtain useful information: The second is to consult professionals, such as by consulting various Relevant personnel of tutoring institutions, seniors or school tutors can obtain some information related to the postgraduate entrance examination, but this method is time-consuming and money-consuming, inefficient, and delays the review progress of students taking the postgraduate entrance examination.
At present, mobile phones have become one of the daily essential tools that people cannot live without. Among the mobile phones on the market, the two main platforms are IOS and Android. However, according to surveys, Android smartphones occupy a larger market share of mobile operating platforms and are used by more people. And among postgraduate entrance examination groups, Android platform mobile phones are also more common. Therefore, this article chooses the Android platform to develop APP. In order to solve the problems listed above and adapt to the development of the times, this article intends to develop an Android APP to help students taking the postgraduate entrance examinations to better obtain information and materials related to the postgraduate entrance examinations, and to help candidates save time. , realize the dream of taking the postgraduate entrance examination.
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- Research status
Nowadays, postgraduate entrance examination is one of the main choices for many college students after graduation. However, too many postgraduate entrance examination consulting, study materials, experience exchange and other activities consume most of the time and energy of postgraduate entrance examination students. Nowadays, there are many types of postgraduate entrance examination tutoring institutions and related websites on the domestic market and the fees are high, which makes it difficult for candidates to accurately choose the tutoring institution that suits them. And a large part of today's postgraduate entrance examination students choose to prepare for the examination on their own because of the high prices of tutoring institutions. In this case, it is even more necessary to provide accurate and timely postgraduate entrance examination-related consultation and information.
With the advent of the information age, various APPs related to the postgraduate entrance examination have emerged in recent years, such as Postgraduate Entrance Examination Help, Chalk Postgraduate Entrance Examination, Xiaobai Postgraduate Entrance Examination and Aiqihang, etc. Some of them are tutoring institutions used for classes and exchanges. APPs, such as Aiqihang, Chalk Postgraduate Entrance Examination, etc., but there are also some APPs that are open to all candidates and are free or have extremely low prices, such as Xiaobai Postgraduate Entrance Examination and Postgraduate Entrance Examination Help. These educational APPs make traditional learning methods and education The model has changed greatly, especially under the influence of this year's epidemic. Most teaching forms have been changed to online, which has led to great development of educational APPs. Moreover, such APPs rely on their interactivity, privacy and Many advantages such as portability have opened up a huge market and are of great help to candidates who do not choose tutoring institutions but prepare for exams on their own.
Among them, the APPs of tutoring institutions such as Aiqihang. The main function of these postgraduate entrance examination APPs is to assist teachers in class. Most of them have links to purchase courses or live broadcasts of promotional courses. The latest news about the postgraduate entrance examination can generally only be obtained through Watching the live broadcast is very time-consuming and unfriendly to candidates who have not registered: some of the remaining open APPs are such as Postgraduate Entrance Examination Help. The function of such postgraduate entrance examination APPs is to provide candidates with some of the latest news obtained from the Postgraduate Entrance Examination Network and Provide platforms for candidates to exchange experiences, but these apps do not provide more information about choosing schools and majors to apply for, and cannot help postgraduate students choose schools.
So as far as the postgraduate entrance examination APPs currently on the market are concerned, there is no one that does not require high fees and has relatively complete school information and the latest postgraduate entrance examination information. Most of the APPs are from postgraduate entrance examination tutoring institutions, and you need to buy their courses to be useful to yourself. The help or is only used to exchange postgraduate entrance examination experience, and some school information and preliminary and re-examination materials are not collected at all. At present, students who want to determine their target colleges and majors for postgraduate entrance exams need to spend a lot of manpower and material resources to check the official websites of various schools, and join various WeChat groups and QQ groups to consult with their seniors or students. Understand the situation of the postgraduate entrance examination, or directly use Baidu to search for various information. However, the sources of these information are too trivial, time-consuming and not necessarily accurate. Candidates also need to screen by themselves, which is very inconvenient. Therefore, it is necessary to develop an APP platform that can not only exchange experiences, but also include school information, the latest information on the research and recruitment network, and the status of majors offered by major universities.
B/S architecture (browser/server) is currently the most widely used architecture, which can make system development, operation, and maintenance easy. You can use this structure when you have a database installed on your computer and a few very common browsers. The B/S structure can be directly used in the B/S system, and the B/S structure can greatly reduce the operation and maintenance of the system in practical applications. On the B/S platform, each database is independent of each other and has high security. Because the B/S architecture can clearly observe the business handled by the system, managers can make timely decisions, thereby avoiding corporate losses. The essential feature of the B/S architecture is centralized management. Users store the data generated by the system into the database to facilitate future applications, thereby meeting various needs.
The B/S model consists of three levels: a browser, a network server, and a database server. Data management adopts the presentation layer, application layer and data layer of most existing B/S systems. The Web browser is designed to meet user requirements and is an intermediate application layer used in data processing and logic processes, thus Form a distributed operating model. The logic of the B/S architecture is that the processing completed on the front end leaves the main business logic to the backend, while the front end is only responsible for a small number of requests, rendering, etc. Due to the rapid development of Internet technology, the B/S architecture makes the system accessible at any time and anywhere.
Figure 2-1 Three-layer structure diagram of B/S mode
The SSM (Spring+SpringMVC+MyBatis) framework set is integrated by the two open source frameworks Spring and MyBatis (SpringMVC is part of Spring). It is often used as a framework for web projects with relatively simple data sources.
1.8.1 Spring
Spring is like a big factory that assembles beans in the entire project. In the configuration file, you can specify the use of specific parameters to call the constructor method of the entity class to instantiate the object. It can also be called the glue in the project.
The core idea of Spring is IoC (Inversion of Control), which means that programmers no longer need to explicitly `new` an object, but let the Spring framework do it all for you.
1.8.2 SpringMVC
SpringMVC intercepts user requests in the project. Its core Servlet, DispatcherServlet, assumes the responsibilities of intermediary or front desk, and matches user requests to the Controller through HandlerMapping. The Controller is the specific operation performed in response to the request. SpringMVC is equivalent to struts in the SSH framework.
1.8.3 mybatis
mybatis is an encapsulation of jdbc, which makes the underlying operations of the database transparent. The operations of mybatis are centered around a sqlSessionFactory instance. Mybatis is associated to the Mapper file of each entity class through the configuration file. The Mapper file is configured with the SQL statement mapping required for each class to the database. Every time you interact with the database, get a sqlSession through sqlSessionFactory, and then execute the sql command.
The page sends a request to the controller, the controller calls the business layer processing logic, the logic layer sends a request to the persistence layer, the persistence layer interacts with the database, and then returns the result to the business layer, the business layer sends the processing logic to the controller, and the controller then Call the view to display the data.
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- MySQL database
The advancement of science and technology has brought many conveniences to daily life: classroom projectors use virtual imaging technology, and digital cameras use photoelectric detection technology. For example, the records of supermarket goods entering and leaving the warehouse require an information warehouse. This information warehouse is a database, and this logistics information management system also needs the support of this technology.
The software MySQL is used because it can accept access from multiple users, and Archive etc. exist in it. It will first classify the data and then save it in tables respectively. Such special operations will improve the speed of the data management system itself and allow the database to be used flexibly. MySQL's code is public and allows others to compile and upgrade it again. This feature can reduce user costs and form a good website system when paired with appropriate software. Although it has shortcomings, in all aspects, it is the mainstream application object of users.
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- Android technology
Android is an operating system based on the Linux kernel. It was developed by Google in the early days and later by the Open Handset Alliance. It adopts a software heap architecture and is mainly divided into three parts. The bottom layer is based on the Linux kernel and only provides basic functions; other application software is developed by each company, using Java as part of the program. In addition, in order to promote this technology, Google and dozens of other mobile phone companies established the Open Mobile Alliance. Android was often rumored to be GPhone before it was made public.
It adopts a software stack (also known as software stack) architecture, which is mainly divided into three parts: the bottom layer is based on the Linux core, developed in C language, and only provides basic functions. The middle layer includes the function library Library and the virtual machine Virtual Machine, which is developed in C++. The top layer is various application software, including call programs, text message programs, etc. The application software is developed by each company and written in Java.
Feasibility analysis is also to analyze whether the project's development system is valuable for development, and whether it is really necessary to improve the management system's shortcomings in information dictation. Taking the design goals and implementation process of the postgraduate entrance examination consulting app in this project as an example, if this system is developed, it is hoped that the user's management information problem can be solved well, and if this enables the postgraduate entrance examination consulting app to develop the theory of maximum value, it can also be used in disguise. If it solves the user's problems to a certain extent, then the research and development system of this project is the most valuable system with the background and significance of the topic selection. But have the R&D goals achieved the desired results, and whether the scientific research tasks have the greatest utility and value after they are realized, and whether they are equal to all total costs. Therefore, the R&D stage is essentially the stage where the R&D system can be truly designed.
Technical feasibility means that the identified science and technology or the science and technology in decision-making methods do not break through the boundaries of the scientific and technological resources mastered by the organization or familiar to relevant personnel. In the process of technology research, attention should be paid to comprehensively investigating various key technical issues included in the system development process, selecting mature technologies as much as possible, carefully citing advanced technologies, paying attention to specific research platforms and developers, and evaluating the effectiveness of key technologies.
Java technology is key to the design and implementation of this postgraduate entrance examination consulting app. Based on B/S architecture and MySQL database management, it is crucial for front-end applications and back-end database management. In order to effectively apply this program, It is necessary to maintain the characteristics of comprehensive functions, easy to understand and simple to use. When building database management, it is necessary to ensure that the data analysis information is complete, the data analysis information is stable, and the data analysis information is highly stable. In the early days, people had understanding and familiarity with the basic important knowledge points of Java. They had a brief grasp and familiarity with the MySQL database. In the early days, they had a general grasp and practice of basic courses such as software engineering testing and UML language. After By practicing the above courses, you will be able to develop, test and judge the corresponding information systems for the above courses.
Java can be combined with MySQL to develop a postgraduate entrance examination consulting app, which must be reasonable and effective.
The registration and login page of the postgraduate entrance examination consulting app is designed to be simple and easy to use. You can log in to the page through the most common page window, and use a computer to realize the login function. Therefore, users can log in to the application as long as they usually use a computer. The R&D work environment of this operating system uses Java technology and the B/S structure. These R&D work environments make the system more complete, make the entire design more personalized, and make the user functions more concise and convenient. This management system has the advantages of easy operation, easy management, good interactivity, and is also very simple in actual operation. Therefore, this management system can also be designed commercially.
To sum up, the research and development of this equipment meets the technical, process and technical requirements, so its research and development is operable.
The use case diagram for registered user information is shown below.
Figure 3-1 Registered user information use case diagram
The administrator use case diagram is shown below.
Figure 3-2 Administrator use case diagram
The teacher user information use case diagram is shown below.
Figure 3-3 Teacher user information use case diagram
Table 3-1 Announcement browsing use case description
| Description item |
illustrate |
| use case name |
Announcement inquiry |
| use case description |
Users can view the details of the announcement |
| participants |
user |
| Preconditions |
The user is a user type and successfully entered the system |
| postcondition |
Browse successfully |
| main event flow |
(1) Users can browse the announcement modules and announcement contents (2) Users can click on the announcement to read the announcement in detail. |
| Exception event flow |
e1. Report 500 error e2. Database connection exception |
Table 3-1 Communication forum use case description
| Description item |
illustrate |
| use case name |
Communication forum |
| use case description |
Users can post what they want to say on the communication board, other users can view it, and registered users can reply. |
| participants |
user |
| Preconditions |
The user is a registered user and successfully entered the system |
| postcondition |
The communication was added successfully and displayed on the communication board |
| main event flow |
The system checks whether it is a normal user Unregistered users can view the content of the communication board The communication form of registered users is displayed and they can communicate and reply to other people's communication. |
| Exception event flow |
e1. Report 500 error e2. Database connection exception e3. The communication content is not displayed |
Table 3-1 Posting use case description
| Description item |
illustrate |
| use case name |
post |
| use case description |
Under the condition of successful login, users can publish posts |
| participants |
user |
| Preconditions |
The user logs in successfully and enters the system |
| postcondition |
Published successfully |
| main event flow |
(1) The system checks whether it is an ordinary user type The user enters the title, description, type, image URL and content to start executing the publishing use case (3) Publish successfully, enter the system homepage |
| Exception event flow |
e1. Report 500 error e2. Database connection exception e3. The data content is too long |
Table 3-1 Personal information management use case description
| use case name |
Manage and modify personal information |
| participants |
user |
| describe |
Users view and modify personal information |
| Preconditions |
The user is logged into the system |
| postcondition |
none |
| event stream |
(1) Users view personal information (2) Users modify personal information |
| Additional information |
(a) Users can change passwords (b) Users can modify personal information, such as name, avatar, etc. |
Table 3-1 Comment use case description
| use case name |
Comment |
| participants |
user |
| describe |
User comments |
| Preconditions |
User is logged in |
| postcondition |
The content of the comments does not violate the rules |
| event stream |
(1) Enter the comment data on the comment page and submit the comment (2) Update and display the comment board |
| Additional information |
(a) Comment content cannot be empty |
Table 3-1 Collection use case description
| use case name |
collect |
| participants |
user |
| describe |
User adds content to favorites |
| Preconditions |
User is logged in |
| postcondition |
none |
| event stream |
(1) Add to favorites on the favorites page (2) Update and display favorites |
| Additional information |
none |
Table 3-1 User management use case description
| Description item |
illustrate |
| use case name |
User action |
| use case description |
The administrator can manage users under the condition that the administrator correctly logs in to the background management. |
| participants |
administrator |
| Preconditions |
The administrator logs in successfully and jumps to the main background interface. |
| postcondition |
Successful operation |
| main event flow |
The administrator jumps to the user management page to query user details. Administrators can delete user information |
| Exception event flow |
e1. Report 500 error e2. Database connection exception |
Table 3-1 Description of management use cases introduced by teachers
| Description item |
illustrate |
| use case name |
Teacher introduces operation |
| use case description |
Under the premise that the administrator correctly logs in to the background management, the teacher introduction module can be managed. |
| participants |
administrator |
| Preconditions |
Administrator successfully logged in |
| postcondition |
Successful operation |
| main event flow |
(1) The administrator enters the teacher introduction management page and queries the teacher introduction information. (2) Administrators can add, delete and edit teacher introductions (3) The administrator adds a teacher introduction and jumps to the query page if the addition is successful. |
| Exception event flow |
e1. Report 500 error e2. Database connection exception |
Table 3-1 Postgraduate entrance examination consulting management use case description
| Description item |
illustrate |
| use case name |
Postgraduate entrance examination consultation operation |
| use case description |
Under the premise that the administrator correctly logs in to the background management, he can manage the postgraduate entrance examination consultation module. |
| participants |
administrator |
| Preconditions |
Administrator successfully logged in |
| postcondition |
Successful operation |
| main event flow |
（1）管理员进入考研咨询管理页面，查询考研咨询的信息 （2）管理员可以对考研咨询进行增删除和编辑考研咨询操作 （3）管理员新增考研咨询，添加成功跳转到查询页面 |
| 异常事件流 |
e1.报500错误 e2.数据库连接异常 |
表3-1 公告管理用例描述
| 用例名称 |
公告管理 |
| 参与者 |
管理者 |
| 描述 |
管理者提供新增、修改、删除、查阅等功能 |
| 前置条件 |
|
| 后置条件 |
无 |
| 事件流 |
（1）管理者查看修改公告 （2）管理者添加公告 （3）管理者删除公告 |
| 补充说明 |
（a）新添加的公告不符合要求时会添加失败 （b）修改的公告不符合要求时会修改失败 |
表3-1 交流管理用例描述
| 描述项 |
说明 |
| 用例名称 |
交流操作 |
| 用例描述 |
管理员正确登录后台管理的条件下，交流模块进行管理 |
| 参与者 |
管理员 |
| 前置条件 |
管理员成功登录 |
| 后置条件 |
操作成功 |
| 主事件流 |
（1）管理员进入交流界面，查询交流内容信息 （2）管理员可以删除交流 |
| 异常事件流 |
e1.报500错误 e2.数据库连接异常 |
表3-1 回复管理用例描述
| 描述项 |
说明 |
| 用例名称 |
回复操作 |
| 用例描述 |
管理员正确登录后台管理的条件下，回复模块进行管理 |
| 参与者 |
管理员 |
| 前置条件 |
管理员成功登录 |
| 后置条件 |
操作成功 |
| 主事件流 |
（1）管理员进入回复管理页面，查询回复内容的信息 （2）管理员可以删除回复 |
| 异常事件流 |
e1.报500错误 e2.数据库连接异常 |
表3-1 评论管理用例描述
| 描述项 |
说明 |
| 用例名称 |
评论操作 |
| 用例描述 |
管理员正确登录后台管理的条件下，评论模块进行管理 |
| 参与者 |
管理员 |
| 前置条件 |
管理员成功登录 |
| 后置条件 |
操作成功 |
| 主事件流 |
（1）管理员进入评论管理页面，查询评论内容的信息 （2）管理员可以从用户评论中删除数据 |
| 异常事件流 |
e1.报500错误 e2.数据库连接异常 |
表3-1 帖子管理用例描述
| 描述项 |
说明 |
| 用例名称 |
帖子操作 |
| 用例描述 |
管理员正确登录后台管理的条件下，对帖子进行管理 |
| 参与者 |
管理员 |
| 前置条件 |
管理员成功登录 |
| 后置条件 |
操作成功 |
| 主事件流 |
（1）管理员进入帖子管理页面，查询帖子的信息 （2）管理员可以对进行增删除和编辑帖子操作 管理员新增帖子，添加成功跳转到查询页面 |
| 异常事件流 |
e1.报500错误 e2.数据库连接异常 |
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- 系统性能需求
第一，友好界面。考研咨询app开发设计，界面的友好性比较重要，满足这一要求才能体现出人性化设计特征，和用户应用系统便捷性相适应，动态的人机交互设计，用户应用系统的时候能感受到操作的便利，提高用户的体验良好感受，才能有助于将系统开采设计的作用价值充分发挥出来。
第二，稳定性要求。开发设计的考研咨询app，需要保持其稳定，系统应用稳定才能有助于各项管理工作高效率完成，提升系统使用体验度。系统运行保障因外部异常造成系统崩溃，系统发生问题后数据能及时备份，第一时间恢复数据信息，保障系统良好运行。
第三，可扩展性。考研咨询app的开发设计，需要满足可扩展性的要求，系统的设计需要考虑未来系统业务扩展问题，在测试不断应用下，功能需求会不断扩展，通过良好扩展性作用发挥，满足多样化的需要。
层次框图是一系列由多层矩形框架组成的树，其顶部为矩形框架，表示整个数据结构，下方的长方形立方体表示独立的数据，下方的长方形表示该数据的实际数据（不能进行分割）。由于这个架构的精炼，层级方块图描述的资料结构也愈加详尽，这个模型很好地满足了需求分析的要求。首先对最上层的信息进行分类，然后在图表中的每个路径上重复地进行优化，直至完整的数据结构被确定。
这个系统由三个模块组成，一个是管理员，二个是注册用户，三是教师用户，这三个部分看起来是独立的，实际上却是连接着数据库，每个模块都有自己的权限，唯一不同的，就是访问的方式不同。在调研资料的基础上，完成了各个模块的功能。在对上述功能进行分析的基础上，本系统提出了三个主要的模块，每个单元可划分为若干小单元。
系统的功能结构图如下图所示。
图4-2 系统功能结构图
1.登录模块：
本考研咨询app的用户登录涉及到三类信息的判断：第一类是用户名和密码是否为空；第二类是验证码是否录入和正确；第三类就是用户登录信息、验证码和权限是否匹配通过。在该用户登录流程对会对用户名和密码是否为空进行判断，以及验证码是否正确进行判断，只有以上的几类信息中的一种存在问题的情况下都是无法登录成功的。
2.公告管理模块：
本考研咨询app中的公告管理，管理方式都是对信息的三种基本操作：一种是完成公告信息的添加，在这里会对公告信息的录入情况来判断；一种是对公告信息的修改，另一种就是对公告信息的删除。其后两种操作都是要建立在第一种操作而生成的公告列表的基础上完成的。
本考研咨询app中的教师介绍管理，管理方式都是对信息的三种基本操作：一种是完成教师介绍的添加，在这里会对教师介绍的录入情况来判断；一种是对教师介绍的修改，另一种就是对教师介绍的删除。其后两种操作都是要建立在第一种操作而生成的教师介绍的基础上完成的。
4.交流论坛模块：
交流论坛模块包括话题板块模块、发帖、回帖、帖子管理等字模块，论坛模块里存在各种各样的话题板块，用户在相应的板块讨论相应的话题，用户在线发帖、回帖，管理人员管理所有论坛的帖子，对违规的在线删帖。
借助先进的系统，ER图使其他用户可以快速轻松地了解系统的功能以及他们之间的关系。根据考研咨询app分析结果，整个考研咨询app包括以下各个单元：用户、考研咨询、教师介绍、评论、论坛、公告等。
系统的主要实体间关系E-R图如下图所示。
图4-3 总体ER图
所有系统的应用数据相互区分。一旦在相应的系统中实现，它们将与自己相应的网络和服务器通信。所以这个系统可以连接这些数据。当我们选择桥梁截面时，以下将简要介绍如何建立系统。在单击上一个按键的时候，就会自动在对话框中弹出数据源的名字，之后再单击下一个按键时，就在填写相对应的身份验证和登录信息。按照系统功能设计的特点与职能模块的分类，考研咨询app的总体设计和实施过程一共涉及到了几个资料表格。
以下就介绍了一些根据各类别主要数据库表的设计结构以及基本功能建立数据库
表comment (评论)
| 编号 |
名称 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
允许空值 |
主键 |
默认值 |
说明 |
| 1 |
comment_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
Y |
评论ID： |
|
| 2 |
user_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
评论人ID： |
| 3 |
reply_to_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
回复评论ID：空为0 |
| 4 |
content |
longtext |
2147483647 |
0 |
Y |
N |
内容： |
|
| 5 |
nickname |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
昵称： |
|
| 6 |
avatar |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
头像地址：[0,255] |
|
| 7 |
create_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
创建时间： |
| 8 |
update_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
更新时间： |
| 9 |
source_table |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
来源表： |
|
| 10 |
source_field |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
来源字段： |
|
| 11 |
source_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
来源ID： |
表consultation_classification (咨询分类)
| 编号 |
名称 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
允许空值 |
主键 |
默认值 |
说明 |
| 1 |
consultation_classification_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
Y |
咨询分类ID |
|
| 2 |
consultation_type |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
咨询类型 |
|
| 3 |
recommend |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
智能推荐 |
| 4 |
create_time |
datetime |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
创建时间 |
| 5 |
update_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
更新时间 |
表consultation_on_postgraduate_entrance_examination (考研咨询)
| 编号 |
名称 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
允许空值 |
主键 |
默认值 |
说明 |
| 1 |
consultation_on_postgraduate_entrance_examination_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
Y |
考研咨询ID |
|
| 2 |
teacher_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
Y |
N |
0 |
教师工号 |
| 3 |
teachers_name |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
教师姓名 |
|
| 4 |
title |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
职称 |
|
| 5 |
user |
int |
10 |
0 |
Y |
N |
0 |
用户 |
| 6 |
full_name |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
姓名 |
|
| 7 |
consultation_type |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
咨询类型 |
|
| 8 |
problem_description |
text |
65535 |
0 |
Y |
N |
问题描述 |
|
| 9 |
teacher_response |
text |
65535 |
0 |
Y |
N |
教师回复 |
|
| 10 |
recommend |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
智能推荐 |
| 11 |
create_time |
datetime |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
创建时间 |
| 12 |
update_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
更新时间 |
表forum (论坛)
| 编号 |
名称 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
允许空值 |
主键 |
默认值 |
说明 |
| 1 |
forum_id |
mediumint |
8 |
0 |
N |
Y |
论坛id |
|
| 2 |
display |
smallint |
5 |
0 |
N |
N |
100 |
排序 |
| 3 |
user_id |
mediumint |
8 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
用户ID |
| 4 |
nickname |
varchar |
16 |
0 |
Y |
N |
昵称：[0,16] |
|
| 5 |
praise_len |
int |
10 |
0 |
Y |
N |
0 |
点赞数 |
| 6 |
hits |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
访问数 |
| 7 |
title |
varchar |
125 |
0 |
N |
N |
标题 |
|
| 8 |
keywords |
varchar |
125 |
0 |
Y |
N |
关键词 |
|
| 9 |
description |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
描述 |
|
| 10 |
url |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
来源地址 |
|
| 11 |
tag |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
标签 |
|
| 12 |
img |
text |
65535 |
0 |
Y |
N |
封面图 |
|
| 13 |
content |
longtext |
2147483647 |
0 |
Y |
N |
正文 |
|
| 14 |
create_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
创建时间： |
| 15 |
update_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
更新时间： |
| 16 |
avatar |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
发帖人头像： |
|
| 17 |
type |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
论坛分类：[0,1000]用来搜索指定类型的论坛帖 |
表forum_type (论坛分类)
| 编号 |
名称 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
允许空值 |
主键 |
默认值 |
说明 |
| 1 |
type_id |
smallint |
5 |
0 |
N |
Y |
分类ID：[0,10000] |
|
| 2 |
name |
varchar |
16 |
0 |
N |
N |
分类名称：[2,16] |
|
| 3 |
description |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
描述：[0,255]描述该分类的作用 |
|
| 4 |
url |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
外链地址：[0,255]如果该分类是跳转到其他网站的情况下，就在该URL上设置 |
|
| 5 |
father_id |
smallint |
5 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
上级分类ID：[0,32767] |
| 6 |
icon |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
分类图标： |
|
| 7 |
create_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
创建时间： |
| 8 |
update_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
更新时间： |
表hits (用户点击)
| 编号 |
名称 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
允许空值 |
主键 |
默认值 |
说明 |
| 1 |
hits_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
Y |
点赞ID： |
|
| 2 |
user_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
点赞人： |
| 3 |
create_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
创建时间： |
| 4 |
update_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
更新时间： |
| 5 |
source_table |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
来源表： |
|
| 6 |
source_field |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
来源字段： |
|
| 7 |
source_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
来源ID： |
表notice (公告)
| 编号 |
名称 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
允许空值 |
主键 |
默认值 |
说明 |
| 1 |
notice_id |
mediumint |
8 |
0 |
N |
Y |
公告id： |
|
| 2 |
title |
varchar |
125 |
0 |
N |
N |
标题： |
|
| 3 |
content |
longtext |
2147483647 |
0 |
Y |
N |
正文： |
|
| 4 |
create_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
创建时间： |
| 5 |
update_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
更新时间： |
表praise (点赞)
| 编号 |
名称 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
允许空值 |
主键 |
默认值 |
说明 |
| 1 |
praise_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
Y |
点赞ID： |
|
| 2 |
user_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
点赞人： |
| 3 |
create_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
创建时间： |
| 4 |
update_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
更新时间： |
| 5 |
source_table |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
来源表： |
|
| 6 |
source_field |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
来源字段： |
|
| 7 |
source_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
来源ID： |
| 8 |
status |
bit |
1 |
0 |
N |
N |
1 |
点赞状态:1为点赞，0已取消 |
表registered_users (注册用户)
| 编号 |
名称 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
允许空值 |
主键 |
默认值 |
说明 |
| 1 |
registered_users_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
Y |
注册用户ID |
|
| 2 |
gender |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
性别 |
|
| 3 |
full_name |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
姓名 |
|
| 4 |
undergraduate_institutions |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
本科院校 |
|
| 5 |
target_institution |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
目标院校 |
|
| 6 |
examine_state |
varchar |
16 |
0 |
N |
N |
已通过 |
审核状态 |
| 7 |
recommend |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
智能推荐 |
| 8 |
user_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
用户ID |
| 9 |
create_time |
datetime |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
创建时间 |
| 10 |
update_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
更新时间 |
表slides (轮播图)
| 编号 |
名称 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
允许空值 |
主键 |
默认值 |
说明 |
| 1 |
slides_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
Y |
轮播图ID： |
|
| 2 |
title |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
标题： |
|
| 3 |
content |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
内容： |
|
| 4 |
url |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
链接： |
|
| 5 |
img |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
轮播图： |
|
| 6 |
hits |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
点击量： |
| 7 |
create_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
创建时间： |
| 8 |
update_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
更新时间： |
表teacher_introduction (教师介绍)
| 编号 |
名称 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
允许空值 |
主键 |
默认值 |
说明 |
| 1 |
teacher_introduction_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
Y |
教师介绍ID |
|
| 2 |
teacher_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
Y |
N |
0 |
教师工号 |
| 3 |
teachers_name |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
教师姓名 |
|
| 4 |
photo |
varchar |
255 |
0 |
Y |
N |
照片 |
|
| 5 |
title |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
职称 |
|
| 6 |
bishop_course |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
主教课程 |
|
| 7 |
educational_background |
text |
65535 |
0 |
Y |
N |
教育背景 |
|
| 8 |
personal_introduction |
text |
65535 |
0 |
Y |
N |
个人介绍 |
|
| 9 |
hits |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
点击数 |
| 10 |
praise_len |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
点赞数 |
| 11 |
recommend |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
智能推荐 |
| 12 |
create_time |
datetime |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
创建时间 |
| 13 |
update_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
更新时间 |
表teacher_users (教师用户)
| 编号 |
名称 |
数据类型 |
长度 |
小数位 |
允许空值 |
主键 |
默认值 |
说明 |
| 1 |
teacher_users_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
Y |
教师用户ID |
|
| 2 |
teacher_id |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
N |
N |
教师工号 |
|
| 3 |
teacher_name |
varchar |
64 |
0 |
Y |
N |
教师姓名 |
|
| 4 |
examine_state |
varchar |
16 |
0 |
N |
N |
已通过 |
审核状态 |
| 5 |
recommend |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
智能推荐 |
| 6 |
user_id |
int |
10 |
0 |
N |
N |
0 |
用户ID |
| 7 |
create_time |
datetime |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
创建时间 |
| 8 |
update_time |
timestamp |
19 |
0 |
N |
N |
CURRENT_TIMESTAMP |
更新时间 |
- 系统实现
用户登录的验证将不再局限于登录信息和权限的匹配验证，而是另外增加了一个验证码，只有界面上所有的编辑框数据都准确的情况下才能实现登录成功。管理员的登录和前台用户登录是一样的过程，其主要就是利用权限字段来完成对用户或管理员的角色识别。
用户登录流程图如下所示。
图5-1 用户登录流程图
登录界面如下图所示。
图5-1 登录界面
登录关键代码如下所示。
/**
* 登录
* @param data
* @param httpServletRequest
* @return
*/
@PostMapping("login")
public Map<String, Object> login(@RequestBody Map<String, String> data, HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest) {
log.info("[执行登录接口]");
String username = data.get("username");
String email = data.get("email");
String phone = data.get("phone");
String password = data.get("password");
List resultList = null;
QueryWrapper wrapper = new QueryWrapper<User>();
Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<>();
if(username != null && "".equals(username) == false){
map.put("username", username);
resultList = service.selectBaseList(service.select(map, new HashMap<>()));
}
else if(email != null && "".equals(email) == false){
map.put("email", email);
resultList = service.selectBaseList(service.select(map, new HashMap<>()));
}
else if(phone != null && "".equals(phone) == false){
map.put("phone", phone);
resultList = service.selectBaseList(service.select(map, new HashMap<>()));
}else{
return error(30000, "账号或密码不能为空");
}
if (resultList == null || password == null) {
return error(30000, "账号或密码不能为空");
}
//判断是否有这个用户
if (resultList.size()<=0){
return error(30000,"用户不存在");
}
User byUsername = (User) resultList.get(0);
Map<String, String> groupMap = new HashMap<>();
groupMap.put("name",byUsername.getUserGroup());
List groupList = userGroupService.selectBaseList(userGroupService.select(groupMap, new HashMap<>()));
if (groupList.size()<1){
return error(30000,"用户组不存在");
}
UserGroup userGroup = (UserGroup) groupList.get(0);
//查询用户审核状态
if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(userGroup.getSourceTable())){
String res = service.selectExamineState(userGroup.getSourceTable(),byUsername.getUserId());
if (res==null){
return error(30000,"用户不存在");
}
if (!res.equals("已通过")){
return error(30000,"该用户审核未通过");
}
}
//查询用户状态
if (byUsername.getState()!=1){
return error(30000,"用户非可用状态，不能登录");
}
String md5password = service.encryption(password);
if (byUsername.getPassword().equals(md5password)) {
// 存储Token到数据库
AccessToken accessToken = new AccessToken();
accessToken.setToken(UUID.randomUUID().toString().replaceAll("-", ""));
accessToken.setUser_id(byUsername.getUserId());
tokenService.save(accessToken);
// 返回用户信息
JSONObject user = JSONObject.parseObject(JSONObject.toJSONString(byUsername));
user.put("token", accessToken.getToken());
JSONObject ret = new JSONObject();
ret.put("obj",user);
return success(ret);
} else {
return error(30000, "账号或密码不正确");
}
}
public String select(Map<String,String> query,Map<String,String> config){
StringBuffer sql = new StringBuffer("select ");
sql.append(config.get(FindConfig.FIELD) == null || "".equals(config.get(FindConfig.FIELD)) ? "*" : config.get(FindConfig.FIELD)).append(" ");
sql.append("from ").append("`").append(table).append("`").append(toWhereSql(query, "0".equals(config.get(FindConfig.LIKE))));
if (config.get(FindConfig.GROUP_BY) != null && !"".equals(config.get(FindConfig.GROUP_BY))){
sql.append("group by ").append(config.get(FindConfig.GROUP_BY)).append(" ");
}
if (config.get(FindConfig.ORDER_BY) != null && !"".equals(config.get(FindConfig.ORDER_BY))){
sql.append("order by ").append(config.get(FindConfig.ORDER_BY)).append(" ");
}
if (config.get(FindConfig.PAGE) != null && !"".equals(config.get(FindConfig.PAGE))){
int page = config.get(FindConfig.PAGE) != null && !"".equals(config.get(FindConfig.PAGE)) ? Integer.parseInt(config.get(FindConfig.PAGE)) : 1;
int limit = config.get(FindConfig.SIZE) != null && !"".equals(config.get(FindConfig.SIZE)) ? Integer.parseInt(config.get(FindConfig.SIZE)) : 10;
sql.append(" limit ").append( (page-1)*limit ).append(" , ").append(limit);
}
log.info("[{}] - 查询操作，sql: {}",table,sql);
return sql.toString();
}
public List selectBaseList(String select) {
List<Map<String,Object>> mapList = baseMapper.selectBaseList(select);
List<E> list = new ArrayList<>();
for (Map<String,Object> map:mapList) {
list.add(JSON.parseObject(JSON.toJSONString(map),eClass));
}
return list;
}
系统的用户通过自行注册生成，在系统首页点击用户注册菜单，系统跳转到对应的注册页面。点击重置按钮，清空所填数据，点击注册按钮完成注册。
用户注册流程图如下所示。
图5-1 用户注册流程图
用户注册界面如下图所示。
图5-1 用户注册界面
注册关键代码如下所示。
/**
* 注册
* @return
*/
@PostMapping("register")
public Map<String, Object> signUp(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
// 查询用户
Map<String, String> query = new HashMap<>();
Map<String,Object> map = service.readBody(request.getReader());
query.put("username",String.valueOf(map.get("username")));
List list = service.selectBaseList(service.select(query, new HashMap<>()));
if (list.size()>0){
return error(30000, "用户已存在");
}
map.put("password",service.encryption(String.valueOf(map.get("password"))));
service.insert(map);
return success(1);
}
public Map<String,Object> readBody(BufferedReader reader){
BufferedReader br = null;
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("");
try{
br = reader;
String str;
while ((str = br.readLine()) != null){
sb.append(str);
}
br.close();
String json = sb.toString();
return JSONObject.parseObject(json, Map.class);
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
if (null != br){
try{
br.close();
}catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
return null;
}
public void insert(Map<String,Object> body){
E entity = JSON.parseObject(JSON.toJSONString(body),eClass);
baseMapper.insert(entity);
log.info("[{}] - 插入操作：{}",entity);
}
-
-
- 教师介绍收藏模块的实现
-
用户选择相应的教师介绍收藏，通过id传参，找到id为此传参的教师介绍，在收藏页提交收藏记录表单，生成收藏记录，用户在个人中心管理个人的收藏夹。
教师介绍收藏界面如下图所示。
图5-1 教师介绍收藏界面
用户点击某个教师进入教师介绍详细页，点击评论按钮进入评论页，提交评论信息，成功发布评论，管理员管理用户的评论信息。
发布评论流程图如下所示。
图5-1 发布评论流程图
发布评论界面如图所示。
图5-1 发布评论界面
-
-
- 交流模块的实现
-
当用户和用户之间交流之后，管理者可以在主界面中可以选择交流功能，管理者可以进行用户的交流查看，可以进行填写交流回复，也可以对交流进行删除。通过这种方式，管理者可以和用户进行密切的交流。
发表交流流程图如下所示。
图5-1 发表交流流程图
发表交流界面如图所示。
图5-1 发表交流界面
在主页左侧菜单栏中点击“公告管理”按钮，再从二级目录中点击“新增公告”按钮，进入到新增公告界面。在此处公告可以添加公告的标题。
在主页左侧菜单栏中点击“公告管理”按钮，再从二级目录中点击“查询公告”按钮，进入到查询公告界面。在此处公告可以查询当前所有公告记录。
公告展示界面如下图所示。
图5-1 公告展示界面
公告管理界面如下图所示。
图5-1 公告管理界面
公告管理关键代码如下所示。
@PostMapping("/set")
@Transactional
public Map<String, Object> set(HttpServletRequest request) throws IOException {
service.update(service.readQuery(request), service.readConfig(request), service.readBody(request.getReader()));
return success(1);
}
-
-
- 密码修改模块的实现
-
用户使用该考研咨询app注册完成后，用户对登录密码有修改需求时，系统也可以提供用户修改密码权限。系统中所有的操作者能够变更自己的密码信息，执行该功能首先必须要登入系统，然后选择密码变更选项以后在给定的文本框中填写初始密码和新密码来完成修改密码的操作。在填写的时候，假如两次密码填写存在差异，那么此次密码变更操作失败，下面的图片展示的就是该板块对应的工作面。
密码修改流程图如下所示。
图5-1 密码修改流程图
密码修改界面如图所示。
图5-1 密码修改界面
-
-
- 用户管理模块的实现
-
用户通过注册了方可获得登录使用权限，此时选择注册用户选项，系统就会自动转到用户注册工作面，在注册该部分信息时系统会自动调用add函数，然后在给定的文本框中填写有关该用户的基础信息后选择确认即可完成注册。检索用户信息，在新增用户信息以后，在检索工具栏中填写对应的用户信息，系统就会将该用户有关的所有信息展示出来。
用户管理流程图如下所示。
图5-1 用户管理流程图
用户管理界面如下图所示。
图5-1 用户管理界面
用户管理关键代码如下所示。
@RequestMapping("/get_obj")
public Map<String, Object> obj(HttpServletRequest request) {
List resultList = service.selectBaseList(service.select(service.readQuery(request), service.readConfig(request)));
if (resultList.size() > 0) {
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject();
jsonObject.put("obj",resultList.get(0));
return success(jsonObject);
} else {
return success(null);
}
}
-
-
- 教师介绍管理模块的实现
-
管理员执行教师介绍管理，并可以操作相关内容，例如添加，查看，编辑和删除。通过单击“添加教师介绍”，可以通过教师介绍添加界面添加详细信息并添加教师介绍注释。单击查看字段级别链接以查看有关所选字段级别的信息。然后单击“提交”跳转重返到添加页面。添加成功后的信息会载入到教师介绍查询列表中，管理员可进行编辑以及修改。
教师介绍管理流程如下图所示。
图5-1 教师介绍管理流程
教师介绍管理界面如下图所示。
图5-1 教师介绍管理界面
-
-
- 考研咨询管理模块的实现
-
管理员执行考研咨询管理，并可以操作相关内容，例如添加，查看，编辑和删除。通过单击“添加考研咨询”，可以通过考研咨询添加界面添加详细信息。单击查看字段级别链接以查看有关所选字段级别的信息。然后单击“提交”跳转重返到添加页面。添加成功后的信息会载入到考研咨询查询列表中，管理员可进行编辑以及修改。
考研咨询管理流程图如下所示。
图5-1 考研咨询管理流程图
考研咨询管理如下图所示。
图5-1 考研咨询管理界面
- 系统测试
在这个产品被投入使用前，首先需要进行试用，这是重要的环节。考虑到某个部分的开发没有缺陷情况下，把各种模块拼接，也有一定概率就存在矛盾。这就好比每个人都很独特，但聚在一起就显得杂乱无章，需要保证有默契的配合。对于测试，要看它的各项内容是否契合的原则。若与最初定下的标准有一定程度上的出入，那么就需要做出一些调整，让最终的大方向朝着目标前进。
测试是为了发现在开发的程序中所存在的问题，测试这一工作是非常艰巨的，而又是非常困难的，这一部分在程序的设计中占有很大比例，可以说一个程序的开发工作量要是占据了百分至六十，那么剩下的百分之四十必然是测试这一部分，甚至更高。
表6-1 用户登录功能测试表
| 用例名称 |
用户登录系统 |
| 目的 |
测试用户通过正确的用户名和密码可否登录功能 |
| 前提 |
未登录的情况下 |
| 测试流程 |
1) 进入登录页面 2) 输入正确的用户名和密码 |
| 预期结果 |
用户名和密码正确的时候，跳转到登录成功界面，反之则显示错误信息，提示重新输入 |
| 实际结果 |
实际结果与预期结果一致 |
-
-
- 创建数据测试
-
在系统中，创建功能也是基础功能之一，因此创建功能的测试很有代表性。在此章节主要列举在创建时各种情况下系统结果的测试。由于系统涉及创建功能操作过多，因此将多处统称创建功能。
创建数据用例如下表所示。
表6-5 创建数据测试用例
| 测试用例编号 |
YL_05 |
|
| 测试用例名称 |
系统使用者进行创建数据 |
|
| 测试用例描述 |
使用者输入要创建的数据 |
|
| 系统入口 |
浏览器 |
|
| 步骤 |
预期结果 |
实际结果 |
| 输入完整并且格式正确的数据 |
提示“创建成功”，并显示所有数据 |
预期结果 |
| 核心位置数据但非必要位置不输入数据 |
提示“创建成功”，并显示所有数据 |
预期结果 |
| 核心数据位置不输入数据 |
提示“创建失败” |
预期结果 |
-
-
- 修改数据测试
-
在系统中，修改功能是系统主要实现功能，因此修改功能的测试很有代表性。在此章节主要列举在修改时各种情况下系统结果的测试。由于系统涉及修改功能操作过多，因此将多处数据表记录修改和状态修改统称修改功能。
修改数据用例如下表所示。
表6-6 修改数据测试用例
| 测试用例编号 |
YL_06 |
|
| 测试用例名称 |
系统使用者进行修改数据 |
|
| 测试用例描述 |
使用者对可修改的数据项进行修改 |
|
| 系统入口 |
浏览器 |
|
| 步骤 |
预期结果 |
实际结果 |
| 将现有数据修改成正确的数据 |
提示“修改成功”，并显示所有数据 |
预期结果 |
| 将现有数据修改成错误的数据 |
提示“修改失败” |
预期结果 |
-
-
- 查询数据测试
-
在系统中，查询功能是使用系统使用最多也是最基础的功能，因此查询功能的测试很有代表性。在此章节主要列举在查询时各种情况下系统结果的测试。
查询数据用例如下表所示。
表6-7 查询数据测试用例
| 测试用例编号 |
YL_05 |
|
| 测试用例名称 |
系统使用者进行查询数据 |
|
| 测试用例描述 |
全部查询以及输入关键词查询 |
|
| 系统入口 |
浏览器 |
|
| 步骤 |
预期结果 |
实际结果 |
| 界面自动查询全部 |
显示对应所有记录 |
预期结果 |
| 输入已存在且能匹配成功的关键字 |
显示所查询到的数据 |
预期结果 |
| 输入不存在的关键字 |
显示数据界面为空 |
预期结果 |
在本次测试的过程主要针对所有功能下的添加操作，修改操作和删除操作，并以真实数据一一进行相关功能项目的输入，最终能够保证每个项目涉及的功能都是能够正常运行，因此能够保证本次设计的，已实现的功能能够正常运行并且相关数据库的信息也同样保证正确。
结 论
本次考研咨询app利用了Web应用同现实研发方案工作进行相结合，在系统功能开始编码之前，作者花费了大量时间在图书馆内进行资料文献的收集和总结，通过大量文献的分析，能够发现，考研咨询app管理的方式在学生考研中扮演的位置是越来越重要，而使用的方式也是越来越多元化，也正是因为这个原因，作者深深的希望能够开发出一种专门针对考研咨询app，以满足用户的需求。
在本次考研咨询app中，利用了目前市场上普遍使用的Java技术，以及数据库管理功能MySQL，和目前比较流行的ssm框架，最后配合使用到了VUE页面布局技术进行系统界面的布置，以现实生活的用户运动过程为标准，设计实现了公告查询、教师介绍、交流论坛、点赞收藏、在线评论等功能，并维护好后台的信息和整体系统的稳定性。
但是由于作者受到了技术水平的限制，在有限的时间，只能够将系统功能模拟时的功能实现，在许多功能方面仍然存在很大的弊端，而这些弊端需要不断的测试，不断的总结，不断的改进。例如本次系统设计中，在数据储存的方面并不够全面，很容易出现信息泄露的风险；例如针对用户权限的设置同样不够全面完整，没有考虑权限在实际情况的运用是否能够完美执行。而在这之后的日子里，作者将会继续学习Java技术和相关的信息技术，对系统功能进行更加完整的，详细的分析，将系统功能一一进行完善，帮助使用者完成相应的操作。
参考文献
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致 谢
在此论文完成之际，感谢我的指导老师。在指导老师的网页设计课上，当时我学到了很多东西，这对于我实习过程中也打了一定的基础，而且指导老师对于我的设计也提出许多建议，并予以悉心的指导，对于一些细小的问题都耐心的指导我去完善，授予我写论文的心得，时常的鼓励我，另外感谢教导我完善此项目的前端同学，对于这个项目，我是边学习边实现完成的，有许多东西开始并不是很明白，但前端开发的同学非常耐心的引导我去将这个项目完成，在系统的后端开发中，所用到的后台开发技术也时常会给我讲解，助于我更好的将论文完成，在此对帮助到我的同学和一直予以教导的指导老师致以衷心的感谢，祝事业有成。
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