Chapter 1, Learning Linux Preface
1. Overview of the operating system
1. What are the two main parts of a computer?
hardware and software
2. What is the operating system? what's the effect?
(1) Operating system is a type of software.
(2) The main function is to assist users in scheduling hardware work and act as a bridge between users and computer hardware.
3. What are the common operating systems?
（1）PC端：Windows.Linux.MacOS
(2) Mobile terminal: Android, IOS, Hongmeng system
2. Initial Linux
1. Founder of Linux:
Linus Torvalds
Logo:
2. The composition of the Linux system is as follows:
Linux system kernel
system level application
3. Understanding virtual machines
1. What is a virtual machine?
Through virtualization technology, the computer hardware is virtualized in the computer, and the operating system is installed on the virtual machine hardware to obtain a virtual computer, which we call a virtual machine.
2. Why use a virtual machine?
- Learning the Linux system requires a Linux system environment
- We cannot install Linux on our computers, so we use a virtual machine to get a usable Linux system environment for subsequent learning.
3. Build a virtual machine environment
Install VMware - Installation for Dummies
4. Quickly open the network connection - verify whether VMware is installed successfully
Windows+R and enter ncpa.cpl to enter the network connection interface, check whether there are vmnet1 and vmnet8 in the network connection, if there is, the installation is successful, if not, uninstall and reinstall.
5.centOS website
- https://vault.centos.org/7.6.1810/isos/x86_64/ - If it doesn’t work, use the following address.
- http://mirror.nsc.liu.se/centos-store/7.6.1810/isos/x86_64/-
6. Install CentOS7 operating system in VMware
It will be automated later, and we don’t need to manually operate or click. After the creation is completed, enter the corresponding account and password to enter.
7. Remotely connect to Linux system
There are two modes of operation
- The graphical form is just like how you operate the window, just click and click with the mouse.
- Command line form (remote)
Why do you prefer command line operation under Linux?
- Graphical interface is unstable
- The command line under Linux is more efficient and easier to use
You can use third-party software to remotely connect to services under Linux and perform operations. Commonly used ones include xshell and FinalShell.
If we need to use third-party software to connect to the centos7 we installed above, what should we do ?
1. Open the terminal on centos installed and enter the command ifconfig. It will display the following information. Find the IP circled in red.
2. Open your third-party connection software (FinalShell, xshell). I use FinalShell to operate as follows:
3. The above opening interface is as follows:
4. Click OK to connect successfully. Double-click the connection address you just created in the following location:
5. Finally, the connection is successful and you can operate it in FinalShell.
8. Expanding WSL
WSL: Windows Subsystem for Linux, is a Linux subsystem on Windows system.
Find Turn Windows features on or off under Windows. Open it and find the Windows Subsystem for Linux to install, and restart after success.
4. Virtual machine snapshot
We can save the state of the current virtual machine through snapshots, and then restore the state of the virtual machine to the previously saved state through snapshots.
Note: It is recommended that the system be shut down first before taking a snapshot, so that it can be created faster.
Here are the steps to take a snapshot in VMware:
The same is true for snapshot restoration. In the snapshot manager, find the snapshot you want to restore
Regarding the basic knowledge related to Linux in Chapter 1, this ends here. If you want to learn the basic commands of Linux, please click on the link below. Notes on learning Linux from scratch-02_Blog of a boy who loves to code-CSDN blog