The column contains ideas for the five national competition questions and will be continuously updated.
The Yellow River is the mother river of the Chinese nation. Studying the changing patterns of water and sediment flux in the Yellow River has implications for environmental management and climate change along the Yellow River Basin.
culture and people's lives, as well as on optimizing water resource allocation in the Yellow River Basin, coordinating man-land relations, water and sediment regulation, flood prevention and disaster reduction
and other aspects have important theoretical guiding significance.
Appendix 1 gives the actual monitoring of water level, water flow and sediment content in the past 6 years at a hydrological station on the Yellow River downstream of Xiaolangdi Reservoir.
Measurement data. Appendix 2 gives the measurement data of the Yellow River section of the hydrological station in the past six years. Appendix 3 gives part of the monitoring data of the hydrological station.
Point related data. Please establish a mathematical model to study the following issues:
Question 1: Study the relationship between the sediment content of the Yellow River water at this hydrological station and time, water level, and water flow, and estimate the water flow rate in the past six years.
The annual total water flow and annual total sediment discharge of the station.
Question 2 Analyze the characteristics of mutation, seasonality and periodicity of water and sediment flux at this hydrological station in the past 6 years, and study the water and sediment flux
changing patterns.
Question 3: Based on the changing pattern of water and sediment flux at this hydrological station, predict and analyze the changes in water and sediment flux at this hydrological station in the next two years.
trend, and formulate the optimal sampling monitoring plan (number of sampling monitoring and specific time, etc.) for the hydrological station in the next two years to make it
It can not only grasp the dynamic changes of water and sediment flux in time, but also minimize monitoring cost resources.
Question 4: Based on the changes in water and sediment flux and river bottom elevation of the hydrological station, analyze the progress of Xiaolangdi Reservoir from June to July every year.
The actual effect of "adjusting water and sand" is achieved. If "water and sediment regulation" is not carried out, what will happen to the river bottom elevation of the hydrological station in 10 years?
Appendix 1 Yellow River water and sediment monitoring data from 2016 to 2021
Appendix 2 Measurement data of the Yellow River section
Appendix 3 Monitoring data from some monitoring points on the Yellow River
Appendix description
(1) Both "water level" and "river bottom elevation" are based on the "1985 National Elevation Baseline" (72.26 meters above sea level).
(2) The "starting point distance" in the attachment takes a fixed point on the river bank as the starting point.