I brought you the Zabbix deployment tutorial before:
This tutorial is based on Zabbix 5.0, but we visit Zabbix official website https://www.zabbix.com/to see that the latest version of Zabbix is 6.2:
So the purpose of this article is to introduce the new features of Zabbix6.2 and how to deploy Zabbix6.2.
1. Introduction to Zabbix6.2
1.1 Zabbix6.2 official website
Zabbix is a mature and easy-to-use enterprise-level open source monitoring solution, suitable for network monitoring and application monitoring of millions of indicators.
The official website address is mentioned at the beginning of the article, the following is the Chinese version:
https://www.zabbix.com/cn/
Zabbix-specific vocabulary :
- zabbix server, server, collect data, write data
- The zabbix agent, deployed on the monitored machine, is a process that interacts with the zabbix server and is responsible for executing commands
- Host, the concept of server, refers to the entities monitored by zabbix, servers, switches, etc.
- Hosts, host group
- Applications, application
- Events, events
- Media, the channel for sending notifications
- Remote command, remote command
- Template, template
- Item, for the monitoring of a certain indicator, called Items, such as the memory usage of a certain server, is an item monitoring item
- Trigger, trigger, defines the logic of the alarm, there are three states: normal, abnormal and unknown
- Action, when the Trigger meets the set value, the action specified by zabbix, such as sending an email to the operation and maintenance, saying that there is a problem with the server.
Zabbix program components :
- zabbix_server, server daemon process
- zabbix_agentd, agent daemon process
- zabbix_proxy, proxy server
- zabbix_database, storage system, mysql, pgsql
- zabbix_web, web GUI graphical interface
- zabbix_get, command line tool, test initiates data collection request to agent
- zabbix_sender, command line tool, test sending data to server
- zabbix_ java_ gateway, java gateway
1.2 New features of Zabbix6.2
Zabbix 6.2 will once again improve the user experience of new users and experienced users, mainly through a series of UI/UX optimization, new monitoring items and configuration options, and performance optimization for medium and large-scale environment deployment.
1. Reduce unnecessary noise by suppressing irrelevant Zabbix questions
Zabbix administrators can now hide irrelevant issues by suppressing them:
- Suppress issues until a specific point in time
- Suppress issues indefinitely until manually removed
- Actions related to suppressed issues are suspended until the issue is unsuppressed
- Choose to hide or show suppressed problems in the Problems page
2. Store confidential information in the CyberArk vault to ensure security
In addition to the previously supported HashiCorp vault, Zabbix 6.2 also officially supports storing confidential information in the CyberArk vault:
- Choice between CyberArk and HashiCorp vaults
- Encrypt connection to CyberArk vault using vault certificate
- Secure database certificates and user macros
- Zabbix vault providers can be configured and retrieved via Zabbix API
3. AWS EC 2 official template
Use the official Zabbix AWS EC2 template to monitor AWS EC2 instances and attached AWS EBS volumes:
- Monitor AWS EC2 CPU, network, disk, status and many other metrics
- Discover and monitor AWS EBS volumes
- Discover and monitor AWS EC2 alarms and react to alarm state changes
4. Synchronize Zabbix proxy configuration from Zabbix front end
Zabbix proxy management has never been easier! Now the proxy configuration can be reloaded immediately from the Zabbix frontend:
- Zabbix proxy configuration can now be refreshed from the Administration - Proxies page
- The Zabbix proxy configuration can be refreshed directly from the command line on the Zabbix server
- Zabbix proxy configuration can be refreshed using Zabbix API
- Both active proxy and passive proxy support centralized configuration refresh
5. More control over discovered hosts
Hosts discovered from host archetypes now support manual editing of templates, labels, and user macros:
- Manually link templates to hosts discovered from host archetypes
- Ability to create and modify user macros on hosts created from host archetypes
- Additional tags can now be created on hosts created from host archetypes
- The API host method has been extended to support manual linking between templates and hosts created by the host prototype
6. Extended VMware monitoring
Hosts created with Zabbix VMware monitoring can now be further modified:
- Manually assign additional templates to discovered VMware hosts
- Create and modify user macros on discovered VMware hosts
- Create additional tags on discovered VMware hosts
VMware monitoring has been extended to support many new monitoring items and low-level auto-discovery rules. This enables monitoring of new metrics such as:
- VMware alarm status
- Number and timestamp of VMware snapshots
- Hyperviso Network Interface Metrics
- VMware vSphere distributed switch port metrics
- Data storage IOPS read/write indicator
- Datastore Performance Counters
- VMware guest status
- and more monitoring items
It is now possible to filter VMware hosts based on their power state.
7. Track active checks
The Zabbix active agent check status can now be observed when hovering over the Zabbix agent interface icon:
- Track availability of passive and active agent checks directly from Zabbix frontend
- A customizable Zabbix agent heartbeat cycle is provided in the agent configuration file
- New internal monitoring items available for active agent check status monitoring
- Zabbix API can also retrieve Zabbix active agent check status
8. Zabbix performance optimization and internal changes
Zabbix server now only receives the latest configuration changes instead of periodically reloading the full Zabbix configuration data:
- The configuration cache will support incremental updates
- New configuration synchronization logic greatly improves performance of large Zabbix instances
The initial item checking logic has been optimized so that newly created items receive their first metric within a minute of creation, rather than being checked at random points in the item update interval:
- New items are checked within one minute of creation
The newly introduced user macro cache reduces configuration cache locking and therefore improves overall Zabbix performance:
- Create a new user macro cache
Several changes in Zabbix library structure:
- Optimize Zabbix library structure
- Remove circular Zabbix library dependencies
9. Optimize the usability and behavior of execute now
The execute now button, which was previously used to retrieve metrics immediately, is now available from the Latest data page:
- Execute now button added to Latest data page
- Items that do not support immediate execution will be ignored without an error message
- A warning will be displayed if the user tries to use the function on an item that does not support immediate execution
- "Execute now" permission has been added to the list of permissions available when customizing Zabbix roles
10. Separate host group and template group
To simplify host and template filtering, templates are now grouped in template groups instead of host groups:
- New Template Group page under the Configuration menu
- During the upgrade process, existing templates will be moved to the template group
- Importing templates and hosts from previous Zabbix versions is fully supported and will create appropriate groups from the imported files
- Role-based access can be assigned to template group pages
- New template group API methods can be used to create, modify and retrieve template groups
11. Support multiple LDAP servers for user authentication
Multiple LDAP servers can now be defined and saved in Authentication - LDAP settings:
- Optimized security and compliance with corporate policies where organizational units are authenticated through different LDAP servers
- Seamlessly switch user authentication between LDAP servers after LDAP servers are migrated or updated
12. Other templates and integrations
Zabbix 6.2 comes with many new templates for the most popular providers:
- Envoy proxy
- HashiCorp Consul
- AWS EC2 Template
- Proxmox
- CockroachDB
- TrueNAS
- HPE MSA 2060 & 2040
- HPE First
- Optimized SMART monitoring template
Zabbix 6.2 introduces webhook integration for GLPI IT asset management solution. This webhook can be used to forward issues created in Zabbix to the GLPi help pages.
13. Other new features and optimizations
More improved features (partial):
- Digital Clock Dashboard Widget
- Stacked graph options for dashboard vector graphics
- The global view default dashboard has been redesigned
- Support {INVENTORY.*} macros for script type items and manual scripts
- New Windows Registry Monitoring Items
- New items for monitoring and discovering OS processes and process parameters on Windows, Linux and BSD operating systems
- Removed support for Zabbix database MD5 hashes
- Added "Documentation" button to all Zabbix sections
- The "Documentation" button opens the relevant Zabbix documentation page
- Optimized Zabbix front-end protection against XSS attacks
1.3 Important URLs of Zabbix6.2
- Zabbix instruction manual:
https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/6.2/en/manual/introduction/whatsnew620 - Zabbix6.2 upgrade guide:
https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/6.2/en/manual/installation/upgrade - Online public class:
https://www.zabbix.com/cn/webinars
Two, deploy Zabbix6.2
The system is based on centos8
2.1 Configure Aliyun source
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# rm -rf *
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# curl -o /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-vault-8.5.2111.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# sed -i -e '/mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/d' -e '/mirrors.aliyuncs.com/d' /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# yum list all
2.2 Install httpd and mariadb*
Note that PHP is at least 7.4 and mariadb is at least 10.5:
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y install httpd
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y module install mariadb:10.5
Unable to install Use the following command to uninstall and reinstall, and then install php:7.4*:
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y module reset mariadb:10.5
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y module install mariadb:10.5
[root@localhost ~]# dnf module -y install php:7.4*
Check if the installation is successful:
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -qa | grep php
php-cli-7.4.30-1.module_el8.7.0+1190+d11b935a.x86_64
php-common-7.4.30-1.module_el8.7.0+1190+d11b935a.x86_64
php-mbstring-7.4.30-1.module_el8.7.0+1190+d11b935a.x86_64
php-fpm-7.4.30-1.module_el8.7.0+1190+d11b935a.x86_64
php-xml-7.4.30-1.module_el8.7.0+1190+d11b935a.x86_64
php-json-7.4.30-1.module_el8.7.0+1190+d11b935a.x86_64
[root@localhost ~]#
2.3 Compile the http configuration file
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/httpd/conf.d/
[root@localhost conf.d]# find / -name *vhosts.conf
/var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/bfc56aacd784174064eec717da729908e09fc649a3592743aa020d302b09f6ca/diff/usr/local/apache2/conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
/var/lib/containers/storage/overlay/bfc56aacd784174064eec717da729908e09fc649a3592743aa020d302b09f6ca/diff/usr/local/apache2/conf/original/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf
/usr/share/doc/httpd/httpd-vhosts.conf
Copy the file and modify:
[root@localhost conf.d]# cp /usr/share/doc/httpd/httpd-vhosts.conf .
[root@localhost conf.d]# ls
autoindex.conf httpd-vhosts.conf php.conf README userdir.conf welcome.conf
[root@localhost conf.d]# vim httpd-vhosts.conf
Add the following:
<VirtualHost *:80>
DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/zabbix.example.com"
ServerName zabbix.example.com
ProxyRequests Off
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/var/www/html/zabbix.example.com/$1
<Directory "/var/www/html/zabbix.example.com">
Options none
AllowOverride none
Require all granted
</Directory>
ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/zabbix.example.com-error_log"
CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/zabbix.example.com-access_log" common
</VirtualHost>
Check if there is IncludeOptional conf.d/*.conf:
[root@localhost conf.d]# cd ..
[root@localhost httpd]# vim conf/httpd.conf
#搜索/DirectoryIndex，添加index.php
# DirectoryIndex: sets the file that Apache will serve if a directory
# is requested.
#
<IfModule dir_module>
DirectoryIndex index.php index.html
</IfModule>
#//搜索AddType，添加以下内容
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps
Create a test page:
[root@localhost httpd]# mkdir /var/www/html/zabbix.example.com
[root@localhost httpd]# vim /var/www/html/zabbix.example.com/index.php
<?php
phpinfo();
?>
Start httpd and mariadb services:
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now httpd
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now mariadb
set password:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql
MariaDB [(none)]> set password = password('long123!');
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> quit
Bye
Test whether you can successfully log in to MySQL:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -plong123!
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 4
Server version: 10.5.9-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> quit
Bye
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl enable --now php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl status php-fpm
● php-fpm.service - The PHP FastCGI Process Manager
Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/php-fpm.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabl>
Active: active (running) since Thu 2022-09-01 17:25:53 CST; 8min ago
Main PID: 7269 (php-fpm)
Check if there is a port and enter the configuration file to write:
[root@localhost ~]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 80 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
#把如下配置改为
listen = /run/php-fpm/www.sock
#改后
; Note: This value is mandatory.
listen = 0.0.0.0:9000
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# systemctl restart php-fpm
Check the port number again, and you can see that the port number already exists:
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# ss -antl
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:9000 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 80 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]#
Turn off the firewall:
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# systemctl disable --now firewalld
Removed /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# setenforce 0
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# vim /etc/selinux/config
[root@localhost php-fpm.d]# cat /etc/selinux/config | grep SELINUX=
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
SELINUX=disabled
2.4 Test whether the service php page is successful
2.5 zabbix server installation
Official website download address:
https://www.zabbix.com/cn/download_sources
[root@localhost conf.d]# cd /usr/src/
[root@localhost src]# wget https://cdn.zabbix.com/zabbix/sources/stable/6.2/zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz
....
2022-09-01 18:00:30 (5.84 MB/s) - ‘zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz’ saved [34995538/34995538]
[root@localhost src]# ls
debug kernels zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]#
Install dependencies:
[root@localhost src]# yum -y install net-snmp-devel libevent-devel
安装过程略....
Unzip the installation package and create a user:
[root@localhost src]# tar xf zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# ls
debug kernels zabbix-6.2.2 zabbix-6.2.2.tar.gz
[root@localhost src]# useradd -r -d /usr/lib/zabbix -s /sbin/nologin -c "Zabbix Monitoring System" zabbix
[root@localhost src]# mkdir -p /usr/lib/zabbix
[root@localhost src]# chmod 770 /usr/lib/zabbix
[root@localhost src]# chown -R zabbix.zabbix /usr/lib/zabbix
Create database:
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -pzabbix123!
MariaDB [(none)]> create database zabbix character set utf8mb4 collate utf8mb4_bin;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| zabbix |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> create user 'zabbix'@'localhost' identified by 'zabbix123!';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all privileges on zabbix.* to 'zabbix'@'localhost';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> SET GLOBAL log_bin_trust_function_creators = 1;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.000 sec)
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
Upload the table, pay attention to which installation you use, I use mysql here:
[root@localhost src]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/database/mysql
Import the table into the database:
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -plong123! zabbix < schema.sql
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -plong123! zabbix < images.sql
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uroot -plong123! zabbix < data.sql
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -plong123!
MariaDB [(none)]> use zabbix
MariaDB [zabbix]> show tables;
....
| widget_field |
+----------------------------+
176 rows in set (0.003 sec)
#必须176才是正确的
MariaDB [zabbix]> SET GLOBAL log_bin_trust_function_creators = 0;
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
MariaDB [(none)]> quit
Test if you can log in:
[root@localhost mysql]# mysql -uzabbix -pzabbix123!
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 18
Server version: 10.5.9-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]> quit
[root@localhost mysql]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# dnf -y install gcc gcc-c++ libxml2-devel libcurl-devel pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel golang-bin make
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# yum install mysql-devel -y
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ./configure --enable-server --enable-agent --with-mysql --with-libcurl --with-libxml2
Enable web service: no #注意这里是否开启
Enable Java gateway: no
LDAP support: no
IPv6 support: no
***********************************************************
* Now run 'make install' *
* *
* Thank you for using Zabbix! *
* <http://www.zabbix.com> *
***********************************************************
The above is a summary of the configuration after the configuration is installed, and then the server is installed. Wait a moment to upload the files of the website.
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# make install
...等待，注意需要安装完成才能操作
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cd /usr/local/etc/
[root@localhost etc]# vim zabbix_server.conf
#添加数据库的密码
### Option: DBPassword
# Database password.
# Comment this line if no password is used.
#
# Mandatory: no
# Default:
# DBPassword=
DBPassword=zabbix123!
Start the service:
[root@localhost etc]# zabbix_server
[root@localhost etc]# zabbix_agentd
[root@localhost etc]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:10051 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:9000 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@localhost etc]#
2.6 zabbix server web interface installation and configuration
[root@localhost etc]# cd /usr/src/zabbix-6.2.2/
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ls
aclocal.m4 compile config.sub depcomp Makefile missing ui
AUTHORS conf configure include Makefile.am NEWS
bin config.guess configure.ac INSTALL Makefile.in README
build config.log COPYING install-sh man sass
ChangeLog config.status database m4 misc src
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# cp -a ui/* /var/www/html/zabbix.example.com/
cp: overwrite '/var/www/html/zabbix.example.com/index.php'? y
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]#
Modify owner:
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ll /var/www/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 12 2021 cgi-bin
drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 32 Sep 1 22:18 html
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# chown -R apache.apache /var/www/html/
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ll /var/www/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Nov 12 2021 cgi-bin
drwxr-xr-x. 3 apache apache 32 Sep 1 22:18 html
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]# ll /var/www/html/
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 13 apache apache 4096 Sep 1 23:10 zabbix.example.com
[root@localhost zabbix-6.2.2]#
2.7 Environment installation before page installation
Modify the configuration of /etc/php.ini and restart php-fpm:
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's/(post_max_size =).*/\1 16M/g' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's/(max_execution_time =).*/\1 300/g' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost ~]# sed -ri 's/(max_input_time =).*/\1 300/g' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost ~]# sed -i '/;date.timezone/a date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai' /etc/php.ini
[root@localhost ~]# systemctl restart php-fpm
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y install php-bcmath php-gd php-mysqlnd
The environment required for Chinese installation:
[root@localhost ~]# dnf -y install glibc-common langpacks-zh_CN.noarch
2.8 web page installation
Choose a language
This is because my system does not support multiple languages. If you want to install Chinese, you need to install the environment required for Chinese installation:
Click 【Finish】!
2.9 Login
The default account name is Admin , and the password is zabbix :
login successful:
2.10 Configure the service to start automatically at boot
Check the currently open ports:
[root@localhost ~]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:9000 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
Write a configuration file:
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/rc.local
#!/bin/bash #直接在下面添加然后保存
zabbix_server
zabbix_agentd
...
View the executed file and grant execute permission, then run:
[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/rc.local
lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 13 Dec 2 2020 /etc/rc.local -> rc.d/rc.local
[root@localhost ~]# chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@localhost ~]# ll /etc/rc.d/rc.local
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 502 Sep 4 14:47 /etc/rc.d/rc.local
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/rc.d/rc.local
Check whether the port observation service is enabled:
[root@localhost ~]# ss -anlt
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port Process
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:10050 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:10051 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:9000 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 128 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:*
LISTEN 0 80 *:3306 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:80 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 [::]:22 [::]:*
[root@localhost ~]#
So far Zabbix6.2 has been deployed.
Three, Zabbix theme
Zabbix can choose themes, here are four:
3.1 Theme Blue
3.2 Theme Dark
3.3 Theme DC
3.4 Theme HC
Four. Summary
This article introduces the concept of Zabbix, the new features of Zabbix6.2, and how to deploy Zabbix6.2 on CentOS8. Finally, it shows you the four commonly used themes of Zabbix. I hope this article will be helpful to you, thank you for reading!