Amplitude refers to the maximum deviation or maximum amplitude of electromagnetic wave vibration. It expresses the maximum intensity or variation range of the electromagnetic wave during the vibration process. For the propagation of electromagnetic waves, the amplitude determines the strength of the wave.
Energy refers to the energy carried by electromagnetic waves. The energy of an electromagnetic wave is related to its amplitude, but they are not quite the same concept. The relationship between energy and amplitude is nonlinear, that is, energy varies with the square of the amplitude. As the amplitude increases, the energy carried by the electromagnetic wave increases accordingly.
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