Source: iNature
Editor: Yanlu researcher sci
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In China, average adult body mass index (BMI) and obesity have risen steadily since 1980. However, until now there have been no reliable assessments of recent trends by country, region or certain population subgroups. To bridge this evidence gap, data from six consecutive nationally representative health surveys conducted between 2004 and 2018 were analyzed in detail. The study aimed to examine long-term and recent trends in average BMI and obesity prevalence among Chinese adults, including highlighting changes before and after 2010, when various national noncommunicable disease prevention programs were launched, and to assess how these trends Varies by sex, age, urban and rural area, and socioeconomic status, and estimates the number of obese people in 2018 compared to 2004.
Recently, Li Xinhua, Ding Gangqiang and Wu Jing from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention jointly published an online publication entitled " Body-mass index and obesity in urban and rural China: findings from consecutive nationally representative surveys during 2004–18 ” research paper using data from the China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance Programme, established in 2004 to provide regular nationwide data on the prevalence of major chronic diseases and associated behavioral and metabolic Data on risk factors. Between 2004 and 2018, six nationally representative surveys were conducted. A total of 776,571 people were invited, and 746,020 (96.1%) participated, including 33,051 in 2004, 51,050 in 2007, 98,174 in 2010, 189,115 in 2013, 189,754 in 2015, and 2018 184,876 people. After exclusion, 645,223 participants aged 18-69 years were used in the present analysis. Mean BMI and obesity prevalence (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) were calculated and time trends were compared by sex, age, urban and rural area, geographic region, and socioeconomic status.
The study found that the standardized mean BMI level rose from 22.7 kg/m2 in 2004 to 24.4 kg/m2 in 2018, and the prevalence of obesity ranged from 3.1% to 8.1% . Between 2010 and 2018, average BMI increased by 0·09 kg/m2 per year, half of that reported in 2004-10 (0·17 kg/m2). Likewise, the annual increase in obesity prevalence after 2010 was slightly lower than before 2010 (6·0% annual relative growth rate vs 8·7% annual relative growth rate; p=0·13).
Since 2010, increases in mean BMI and obesity prevalence have slowed significantly for urban men and women, moderately for rural men, but continued to increase steadily for rural women. By 2018, the average BMI of rural women was higher than that of urban women (24 3 kg/m2 vs 23 9 kg/m2; p=0 0045), but rural men were still lower than urban men (24 5 kg/m2 vs. 25·1 kg/m2; p=0·0007). Across all six surveys, more educated women had consistently lower mean BMIs than less educated women, but the opposite was true for men. An estimated 85 million Chinese adults aged 18-69 (48 million men and 37 million women) were obese in 2018, triple the figure in 2004.
In conclusion, in China, the growth of average adult BMI appears to have slowed down over the past decade. However, the study found different trends by gender, geographic region, and socioeconomic status, emphasizing the need for a more targeted approach to prevent further increases in obesity in the general Chinese population.
Obesity is a major risk factor for cardiometabolic disease, kidney disease, and many cancers, affecting 670 million adults worldwide in 2016. Globally, the prevalence of adult obesity has nearly tripled since 1975. In some middle-income countries, the average body mass index (BMI) increased by 5 kg/m2, and the prevalence of obesity increased more than 10-fold.
In China, average BMI and obesity rates have been rising steadily since the 1980s with rapid economic development, but remained well below the levels of most other middle- and high-income countries at least until 2010. Since 2010, China has rolled out national programs for obesity and NCD prevention, including the National NCD Comprehensive Prevention and Control Demonstration Zone and the China National Healthy Lifestyle Plan. In 2013, the World Health Assembly also set ambitious global targets for controlling noncommunicable diseases, including rising from 2010 levels and halting the prevalence of obesity by 2025. Careful monitoring of long-term trends in BMI and obesity in the general population is essential for assessing the likely success of various national and international initiatives and for informing the development of country-specific health policies.
Some previous studies have reported rising trends in BMI and obesity prevalence in China, but these mainly used national survey data collected before 2013, included some global pooled studies, and tended to define obesity as the same as in most international studies. Different definitions are used. The lack of reliable data on recent trends in average BMI and obesity in China, either nationally or locally, such as urban and rural areas, would reflect different stages of socioeconomic development, leading to a significant increase in whether the rise in BMI will persist uncertainty. Furthermore, important questions remain regarding whether upward trends in BMI differ by men and women, urban and rural areas, or socioeconomic or educational status, which might inform more targeted interventions.
To address this evidence gap, the study conducted a detailed analysis of data from six consecutive nationally representative health surveys conducted between 2004 and 2018. This study aimed to examine the long-term and near-term trends in average BMI and obesity prevalence among Chinese adults from 2004 to 2018. 2018, with particular emphasis on changes before and after 2010 (when various national NCD prevention plans were launched), assessing how these trends differ by sex, age, urban and rural area, and socioeconomic status, and estimating the number of obese people in 2018 compared to 2004 Years compared.
The study used data from the China Chronic Disease and Risk Factor Surveillance Program, which was established in 2004 to provide regular nationwide data on the prevalence of major chronic diseases and associated behavioral and metabolic risk factors in the general population. Between 2004 and 2018, six nationally representative surveys were conducted. A total of 776,571 people were invited, and 746,020 (96.1%) participated, including 33,051 in 2004, 51,050 in 2007, 98,174 in 2010, 189,115 in 2013, 189,754 in 2015, and 2018 184,876 people. After exclusion, 645,223 participants aged 18-69 years were used in the present analysis. Mean BMI and obesity prevalence (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) were calculated and time trends were compared by sex, age, urban and rural area, geographic region, and socioeconomic status.
The study found that the standardized mean BMI level rose from 22.7 kg/m2 in 2004 to 24.4 kg/m2 in 2018, and the prevalence of obesity ranged from 3.1% to 8.1% . Between 2010 and 2018, average BMI increased by 0·09 kg/m2 per year, half of that reported in 2004-10 (0·17 kg/m2). Likewise, the annual increase in obesity prevalence after 2010 was slightly lower than before 2010 (6·0% annual relative growth rate vs 8·7% annual relative growth rate; p=0·13).
Since 2010, increases in mean BMI and obesity prevalence have slowed significantly for urban men and women, moderately for rural men, but continued to increase steadily for rural women. By 2018, the average BMI of rural women was higher than that of urban women (24 3 kg/m2 vs 23 9 kg/m2; p=0 0045), but rural men were still lower than urban men (24 5 kg/m2 vs. 25·1 kg/m2; p=0·0007). Across all six surveys, more educated women had consistently lower mean BMIs than less educated women, but the opposite was true for men. An estimated 85 million Chinese adults aged 18-69 (48 million men and 37 million women) were obese in 2018, triple the figure in 2004.
In conclusion, in China, the growth of average adult BMI appears to have slowed down over the past decade. However, the study found different trends by gender, geographic region, and socioeconomic status, emphasizing the need for a more targeted approach to prevent further increases in obesity in the general Chinese population.
Reference News:
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(21)00798-4/fulltext#%20
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Oh, not bad~