Unity advanced - theoretical knowledge and practical operation study notes of message framework

Unity advanced - theoretical knowledge and practical operation study notes of message framework

Note source course: https://study.163.com/course/courseMain.htm?courseId=1212756805&_trace_c_p_k2_=8c8d7393c43b400d89ae94ab037586fc

This framework actually manages many scripts hierarchically to prevent coupling problems caused by script calls.

Its basic part is divided into three parts: script base class, management base class, and command class.

• Script base class: template for all functional scripts

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class MoonBase : MonoBehaviour
{
    
    
    public virtual void ReceiveMessage(Message message){
    
    
        
    }
}

• Management class: All management layers come from here

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public abstract class ManagerBase : MyrSingletonBase<ManagerBase>
{
    
    
   public List<MoonBase> Monos = new List<MoonBase>();

   public void Register(MoonBase mono){
    
    
    if (!Monos.Contains(mono)){
    
    
        Monos.Add(mono);
    }
   }
   
   public virtual void ReceiveMessage(Message message){
    
    
    if (message.Type != GetMessageType()){
    
    
        return;
    }
    foreach (var mono in Monos){
    
    
        mono.ReceiveMessage(message);
    }
   }
   
   public abstract byte GetMessageType();
}

• Command base class: all commands come from here

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class Message 
{
    
    
   public byte Type;
   public int Command ;
   public object Content;
   public Message() {
    
    }
   
   public Message(byte type, int command, object content) {
    
    
       Type = type;
       Command = command;
       Content = content;
   }
}
//消息类型
public class MessageType
{
    
    
    //类型
    public static byte Type_Audio = 1;
    public static byte Type_UI = 2;
    public static byte Type_Player = 3;
//声音命令
    public static int Audio_PlaySound = 100;
    public static int Audio_StopSound = 101;
    public static int Audio_PlayMusic = 102;
//UI命令
    public static int UI_ShowPanel = 200;
    public static int UI_AddScore = 201;
    public static int UI_ShowShop = 202;

}

DLC: Generic Singleton Classes

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class MyrSingletonBase<T> : MonoBehaviour where T : MonoBehaviour
{
    
    
    private static T instance;
    public static T Instance {
    
    
        get
        {
    
    
            return instance;
        }
    }

    protected virtual void Awake() {
    
    
        instance = this as T;
    }

    protected virtual void OnDestroy() {
    
    
        instance = null;
    }
}

Practical operation: use the message framework to create the function of eating gold coins

• Create message center

  

  using System.Collections;
  using System.Collections.Generic;
  using UnityEngine;
  
  public class MessageCenter : MyrSingletonBase<MessageCenter>
  {
        
        
      public List<ManagerBase> Managers = new List<ManagerBase>();
  
      public void Register(ManagerBase manager){
        
        
          if (!Managers.Contains(manager)){
        
        
              Managers.Add(manager);
          }
      }
  
      public void SendCustomMessage(Message message){
        
        
          foreach(var manager in Managers){
        
        
              manager.ReceiveMessage(message);
          }
      }
  }
  
  

  Just find an object to bind to

  

  • Management – ​​UI Management

  

  using System.Collections;
  using System.Collections.Generic;
  using UnityEngine;
  
  public class UiManager : ManagerBase
  {
        
        
      void Start()
      {
        
        
          MessageCenter.Instance.Register(this);
      }
  
    public override byte GetMessageType()
      {
        
        
          return MessageType.Type_UI;
      }
      
  }
  
  

  Bind to the canvas

  

• Functional scripts – control page display

  

  using System.Collections;
  using System.Collections.Generic;
  using UnityEngine;
  using UnityEngine.UI;
  
  public class Panel : MoonBase
  {
        
        
      public Text text;
  
      void Start() {
        
        
          UiManager.Instance.Register(this);
      }
      
      public override void ReceiveMessage(Message message){
        
        
          base.ReceiveMessage(message);
          
          if(message.Command == MessageType.UI_AddScore){
        
        
              int score = (int)message.Content;
              text.text = "分数" + score;
          }
      }
  }
  绑定到panel上
  

  

  

  • control player trigger

    

  

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;

public class PlayerManager : MonoBehaviour
{
    
    
    int score = 0;
    void Start()
    {
    
    
        
    }

    void Update()
    {
    
    
        float horizontal = Input.GetAxis("Horizontal");
        float vertical = Input.GetAxis("Vertical");
        Vector3 dir = new Vector3(horizontal, 0, vertical);
        if (dir != Vector3.zero){
    
    
            transform.Translate(dir * 5 * Time.deltaTime);
        }
    }

    private void OnTriggerEnter(Collider other) {
    
    
        if(other.tag == "Coin"){
    
    
            score += 1;
            Destroy(other.gameObject);
            MessageCenter.Instance.SendCustomMessage(new Message(MessageType.Type_UI, MessageType.UI_AddScore, score));
        }
    }
}

Bind to the protagonist capsule:

The function is complete! !

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