There is a QQ business card of the blogger in the small rectangular box at the bottom of the article to get the same program as this article
All the program codes during the master's and doctoral period are more than 2 g in total. I can give you guidance and give you a half-hour voice call to answer questions. Battery data + identification program + various Kalman filter algorithms are all in it, and new models will be updated in the future. Quick Start BMS Software.
This model is a thermal management model of an automotive battery pack. A battery pack (PACK) consists of several battery modules that are connected in series and in parallel to form a PACK. Each battery cell is modeled using the battery (Table-Based) Simscape electric block. In this model, all batteries have the same initial temperature and state of charge (SOC). Four battery modules, three similar and one different, are connected in series to simulate a battery pack. The results in this example assume an initial ambient temperature equal to 25 degrees Celsius. The coolant control subsystem is used to determine battery pack coolant flow.
1. Model overview
2. Parameters and Inputs
To create a new battery module using this model, first specify the number of batteries in series and parallel. Then, specify the battery type for all cells by selecting one of the following options in the "Select Battery Type" parameter of the battery module:
Pouch (bag type)
Can (can type)
Compact cylindrical
Regular cylindrical
This example uses a pouch battery. Modules A, B and C consist of 5 cells connected in series and 2 cells connected in parallel. Module D consists of six series cells and two parallel cells.
Two output ports, SOC and Temp, indicate the state of charge and temperature of each battery in the module. The thermal port Amb is used to define the ambient temperature in the simulation. The electrical ports pos and negative define the positive and negative poles of the battery, respectively. Two input ports, FlwR and FlwT, define the battery coolant flow control and the inlet temperature into the module.
The image below shows examples of pouch and can battery configurations.
The following diagrams show batteries in compact cylindrical and regular cylindrical configurations:
The parameters of the battery module are as follows:
Vector of temperatures, T — Temperatures tabulating battery or module characteristic data as a function of temperature, specified as a vector.
Single cell Ahr rating, baseline – Battery capacity at the temperature defined in the temperature vector T parameter, specified as a vector.
Vector of state of charge values, SOC - The electrical parameters of the battery are defined as a vector in the range of values between 0 and 1.
Vector of coolant flowrates, L - Coolant mass flow rate value on which the battery cooling lookup table is defined. This parameter defines the magnitude of the coolant heat transfer efficiency parameter and is specified as a vector.
No load voltage, V0 - battery open circuit potential values at different state of charge vector values, SOC and temperature vector T, specified as a matrix.
Terminal resistance, R0 ——The vector state of charge value, state of charge value and temperature vector T point of the battery ohmic resistance value in different states, specified as a matrix.
Polarization resistance ——the vector state of charge value, state of charge value, vector temperature, and T point of the polarization resistance value in different states, expressed as a matrix.
Time constant — Time constant of charge values at different state vectors, SOC and temperature vectors, T points, specified as a matrix.
Cell thermal mass - the thermal mass of a single cell, expressed as a scalar.
Cell thermal conductivity – cell in-plane conductivity for pouch and canned cells, or radial conductivity for cylindrical cells, specified as a scalar.
Heat transfer coefficient to ambient - heat transfer coefficient value, expressed as a scalar.
Number of series connected cells Ns – Number of strings in the series, specified as an integer.
Number of parallel connected cells Np – Number of parallel battery cells in string, specified as an integer.
Choose cell type - battery type, specified as pouch, can, compact cylindrical, or regular cylindrical.
Cell height — Cell height, specified as a scalar.
Cell width – Cell width, specified as a scalar.
Cell thickness – Cell thickness of pouch or canned cells, specified as a scalar.
Cell diameter – Compact cylindrical or regular cylindrical cell diameter, specified as a scalar.
Number of cylindrical cells in a straight line ——The number of cylindrical battery cells arranged in a straight line for packaging, expressed as an integer.
Accessory total resistance – The resistance that combines all inline resistances within the module, expressed as a scalar. This resistance is the sum of the unit's tab, bus bar, cable and/or weld resistance expressed as a scalar.
Cell balancing - Cell balancing, specified as None or Passive. In this example, this parameter is set to none.
Effective rate of coolant heat transfer from each cell – Estimates the thermal resistance (W/K) of heat transfer from the battery cell to the coolant, expressed as a 3D matrix of scalar values. The size of the three-dimensional matrix depends on the temperature vector, T, coolant flow vector, L and NsxNp parameters. The NsxNp parameter is the total number of battery cells in the module. Battery cooling is represented by a lookup table or a 3D matrix of size [T,L,Ns*Np], and values are calculated using detailed 3D methods such as computational fluid dynamics. The value of this matrix depends on the actual hardware design of the cooling system or the cold plate in the module. Use the input values FlwR and FlwT to control the performance of the cold plate.
External heat – External heat input to each cell in the block due to thermal components placed near the block, specified as a vector.
Vector of initial cell temperature — Initial cell temperature, specified as a vector.
Vector of initial cell state of charge - the initial state of charge of the battery, represented by a vector.
Cell Ahr rating variation – Vector of temperatures, T points for each cell, specified as a vector of scalar values. If this array is set to 1, all cells have the same capacity. The cell's array value is multiplied by the value specified in the Single cell Ahr Rating, Baseline parameter to calculate the actual capacity or Ahr rating of the cell.
To define the battery coolant flow rate and temperature, specify these inputs:
FlwR - Value between 0 and 1, specified as a scalar. During the simulation, an appropriate flow value is dynamically selected using the FlwR input value. The value entered by FlwR defines the actual flow in the module. In the coolant flow vector L parameter, FlwR = 0 means no flow, and FlwR = 1 means the maximum flow value.
FlwT ——The positive and negative value equal to the coolant inlet temperature added to the ambient temperature. FlwT input is +15, Amb port is 273.15 K, then the coolant inlet temperature is equal to 273.15 +15 = 288.15K. If the FlwT input is -15 and Amb is 273.15 K, the coolant inlet temperature is equal to 273.15-15 = 258.15 K
In this model, the battery pack is composed of 4 modules connected in series. The first three modules are identical. The fourth module with different number of batteries, Ns4 and cooling efficiency, coolerQ4, is defined in ee_lithium_pack_cooling_ini.m file. All modules have different coolant flow rates. The flow division block in the battery pack subsystem determines the flow to each battery module.
3. Overview of coolant control subsystem
The coolant control subsystem tracks the minimum and maximum temperature of the battery pack. The subsystem calculates flow based on the maximum value of the difference between the highest and lowest cell temperatures in the battery pack, and the difference between the highest temperature in the battery pack and the value at the Amb port. FlwR is set to 1 for differences of 10 degrees Celsius or more, otherwise linearly scaled to zero, when there is no temperature difference between different cells and the battery pack temperature is very close to the value set by the Amb port. In this example, the coolant inlet temperature is defined in the coolantTemp workspace variable in the ee_lithium_pack_cooling_ini.M file and is a constant.
4. Simulation results
This example simulates a 600 second drive profile. The flow rate increases as the temperature of the battery pack increases, resulting in better cooling of the battery pack.
