2023 Electric Competition National Competition Instrument and Apparatus Competition Items and Methods
Foreword:
The topics in 2023 should not be much different from previous years, nothing more than several major categories such as instruments, power supplies, controls, and communications . However, with the development of science and technology in recent years, many new elements have been added to e-sports, such as Internet +, big data, artificial intelligence algorithms, ultra-high frequency, etc. And there has also been a fusion of different types of competition questions . For example, the signal distortion measurement device for question A in 2021 and the Internet-based camera measurement system for question D are the fusion of instrumentation and communication competition questions.
Students participating in the electronic competition also need to pay a certain amount of attention to the above-mentioned new elements and integrated competition questions. I believe that the teacher should also explain the relevant competition question types, pre-competition preparations, training methods, etc.
This article describes the competition items and methods of the instrumentation competition.
1 Refer to previous problem-solving methods
The problem-solving methods of previous instrumentation competitions have great reference and reference significance for us. After getting the competition questions, looking for similar competition questions in the past and referring to their problem-solving methods can help us quickly find ideas for solving the problems, which can save a lot of time and trial and error costs .
A very useful website is recommended. The website shows the summary of electronic competition instrumentation topics and plans in the form of a mind map:
Summary of topics and plans for electric competition instrumentation
2 The key to solving the problem: Accurately understand the indicators of electronic instruments
The value of electronic instruments is determined by the excellence of various technical indicators; the scoring system of electronic competitions is also evaluated by the degree of completion of technical indicators.
The main function of electronic instruments is to test the performance indicators of other electronic systems. Therefore, electronic instruments have stricter requirements on technical indicators.
Electronic instruments contain a number of technical indicators, the core of which is measurement error, and other technical indicators are basically related to measurement error. For many measurements, the value of a measurement effort depends almost entirely on how accurate it is.
When designing electronic instruments, it is necessary to carefully analyze various technical indicators (especially measurement errors), allocate relevant indicators, and determine its core components on this basis for circuit design.
3 Problem-solving steps
The problem solving of instrument competitions should be carried out according to certain steps :
1. Examining the questions (analyzing the requirements of the competition questions);
2. Establishing the overall design plan on the basis of the program demonstration;3. Analysis of technical indicators, allocation of indicators and selection of core components;
4. Hardware circuit design;
5. Software system design;
6. Assembly, debugging and testing;
7. Writing design reports.
4 master content
From the perspective of learning, you should focus on mastering the following four types of instruments :
Instruments based on voltage measurement
Time-frequency measurement instrumentsdigital oscilloscope
Signal generator
There are many types of electronic instruments, but as long as the principles of these four types of instruments are thoroughly grasped, there will be no major obstacles in the design of other types of electronic instruments.
If you can better grasp the design of these four types of typical electronic instruments, when you encounter actual electronic instrument design topics in your future work, you can quickly enter the design state as long as you analyze the special requirements of the project and learn some relevant knowledge.
For a summary of commonly used modules for instrumentation questions, you can watch the video below to learn
5 Precautions
1) Make full use of the 20-30 minutes circuit recovery and test preparation time. For some works, the necessary adjustment circuits should be set in advance to facilitate comparison with field instruments or related parameters.
2) When training, pay attention to the training of testing techniques. In order to achieve the ideal test effect, it is necessary to choose the test location reasonably and reserve the test points in advance.
3) During the training, special attention should be paid to cultivating a good psychological quality, and the ability to be good at expressing and communicating, and at the same time pay attention to the reliability of the works.
6 Summary
The knowledge required for the topic itself is quite complicated. It is difficult for one person to cover everything in a limited time. This also requires the students in the group to communicate in advance, work with each other, and have a clear division of labor. Everyone must not only have enough understanding of themselves, but also It is very important to have a full understanding of the advantages of teammates, choose the direction of the topic in advance, and make targeted preparations for the general direction of the topic. This is another reason why many students fail- there is no goal, and the preparation has no purpose.
The list of components used during the competition will be announced on the official website one week before the start of the competition , and there will be a lot of speculation about the competition topics afterwards.
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