Program Introduction
This orange clock program is mainly divided into three parts: drawing the dial, drawing the hands, and displaying the current time. The part of drawing the dial uses the cubic Bezier curve, HSL color model and string formatting commands, and the coordinates of the points determined by the cubic Bezier curve are more complicated. Drawing the hands mainly involves calculating the arc of movement of each hand. The font used to display the current time is a monospaced font, and its function is that the effect is more uniform after centering.
In the program to calculate the coordinates of the cubic Bezier curve, I defined 13 points, of which 0 and 11 and 12 coincide, 3 and 4 coincide, 5 and 6 coincide, and 10 and 9 coincide. The purpose of this is to facilitate the determination of the starting point, control point and end point.
The Broadway font is used in the program, which seems to be the font that was installed when Office was installed. If you can't see the text effect, please install this font first
Program screenshot
program source code
define function
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>
#include <graphics.h>
#include <math.h>
const double PI = 3.141592654; // 定义圆周率portray details
// 画表盘
void dial()
{
// 画蓝色背景
setbkcolor(0xe6cdb4); // 设置背景色
cleardevice(); // 清屏
// 画黄色外圆
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 10); // 设置线宽为十个像素
setlinecolor(YELLOW); // 设置画线颜色为黄色
setfillcolor(WHITE); // 设置填充颜色为白色
fillcircle(0, 0, 170); // 画圆
// 填充扇形颜色
int r = 150; // 定义半径为 150
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 2); // 设置线宽为两像素
for (int n = 0; n < 10; n++)
{
// 画橘子瓣的三次贝塞尔曲线
POINT pts[13]; // 定义数组，起始点、控制点 1、控制点 2、终点（起点）、控制点 1、控制点 2、终点（起点）……
double a = 2 * PI * n / 10; // 橘子瓣弧度
pts[0].x = int(r / 8 * cos(a + 2 * PI / 22));
pts[0].y = int(r / 8 * sin(a + 2 * PI / 22)); pts[12] = pts[11] = pts[0];
pts[1].x = int(r / 12 * cos(a + 2 * PI / 22)); pts[2].x = int(r / 12 * cos(a - 2 * PI / 22));
pts[1].y = int(r / 12 * sin(a + 2 * PI / 22)); pts[2].y = int(r / 12 * sin(a - 2 * PI / 22));
pts[3].x = int(r / 8 * cos(a - 2 * PI / 22));
pts[3].y = int(r / 8 * sin(a - 2 * PI / 22)); pts[4] = pts[3];
pts[5].x = int(r * cos(a - 2 * PI / 22));
pts[5].y = int(r * sin(a - 2 * PI / 22)); pts[6] = pts[5];
pts[9].x = int(r * cos(a + 2 * PI / 22));
pts[9].y = int(r * sin(a + 2 * PI / 22)); pts[10] = pts[9];
pts[7].x = int(r * 1.1 * cos(a - 2 * PI / 30)); pts[8].x = int(r * 1.1 * cos(a + 2 * PI / 30));
pts[7].y = int(r * 1.1 * sin(a - 2 * PI / 30)); pts[8].y = int(r * 1.1 * sin(a + 2 * PI / 30));
int c = HSLtoRGB(36.0f * n, 0.8f, 0.8f); // 设置彩虹色
setlinecolor(c); // 设置画线颜色为彩虹色
polybezier(pts, 13); // 画三次贝塞尔曲线
setfillcolor(c); // 设置填充色为彩虹色
floodfill(int(r / 2 * cos(a)), int(r / 2 * sin(a)), c); // 填充橘子瓣
}
// 显示表盘细节
settextcolor(BLACK); // 设置字体颜色
setbkmode(TRANSPARENT); // 设置背景色为透明
for (int n = 0; n < 12; n++)
{
// 整点刻度
setfillcolor(BLACK);
solidcircle(int(145 * cos(n * 2 * PI / 12)), -int(145 * sin(n * 2 * PI / 12)), 2);
solidcircle(int(145 * cos(n * 2 * PI / 4)), -int(145 * sin(n * 2 * PI / 4)), 4);
// 显示数字
wchar_t s[10];
swprintf_s(s, 10, L"%d", 12 - n); // int 类型转换成 char 类型
// 设置字体、大小及输出
if ((12 - n) % 3 == 0) settextstyle(48, 0, L"Broadway");
else settextstyle(24, 0, L"Broadway");
// 定义字符串长和宽，居中
int w, h;
w = textwidth(s);
h = textheight(s);
outtextxy(int(125 * cos(n * 2 * PI / 12 + PI / 2) - w / 2),
-int(125 * sin(n * 2 * PI / 12 + PI / 2) - h / 2),
s);
}
}
// 显示数字时钟
void digital(int h, int m, int s)
{
// 画显示当前时间的三个小矩形
setlinecolor(LIGHTGRAY); // 设置边框颜色为浅灰色
setfillcolor(WHITE); // 设置填充颜色为白色
fillrectangle(-40 - 13, 50, -40 + 13, 50 + 26);
fillrectangle( -13, 50, 13, 50 + 26);
fillrectangle( 40 - 13, 50, 40 + 13, 50 + 26);
// 显示当前时间
settextstyle(24, 0, L"Consolas");
wchar_t a[10];
int w;
swprintf_s(a, 10, L"%d", h); w = textwidth(a); outtextxy(-40 - w / 2, 50, a);
swprintf_s(a, 10, L"%d", m); w = textwidth(a); outtextxy( -w / 2, 50, a);
swprintf_s(a, 10, L"%d", s); w = textwidth(a); outtextxy( 40 - w / 2, 50, a);
}
// 画表针
void needles(int h, int m, int s)
{
double a = PI / 2 - (2 * PI * h / 12 + 2 * PI * 1 / 12 * m / 60); // 时针所走弧度
double b = PI / 2 - (2 * PI * m / 60 + 2 * PI * 1 / 60 * s / 60); // 分针所走弧度
double c = PI / 2 - 2 * PI * s / 60; // 秒针所走弧度
setlinecolor(BLACK); // 设置画线颜色为黑色
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 9); // 设置线宽为九像素
line(0, 0, int(50 * cos(a)), int(-50 * sin(a))); // 画时针
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 6); // 设置线宽为六像素
line(0, 0, int(100 * cos(b)), int(-100 * sin(b))); // 画分针
setlinecolor(RED); // 设置画线颜色为红色
setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, 3); // 设置线宽为三像素
line(int(20 * cos(c + PI)), -int(20 * sin(c + PI)), int(130 * cos(c)), -int(130 * sin(c))); // 画秒针
}
main function
// 主函数
int main()
{
// 创建绘图窗口
initgraph(640, 480);
BeginBatchDraw(); // 开启批量绘图
setorigin(320, 240); // 设置原点
while (true)
{
// 计算
SYSTEMTIME ti; // 定义变量保存当前时间
GetLocalTime(&ti); // 获取当前时间
// 绘画
cleardevice();
dial(); // 画表盘
digital(ti.wHour, ti.wMinute, ti.wSecond); // 画数字时钟
needles(ti.wHour, ti.wMinute, ti.wSecond); // 画表针
// 延时
FlushBatchDraw();
Sleep(1000);
}
_getch();
EndBatchDraw();
closegraph();
return 0;
}