Author: Zen and the Art of Computer Programming
"5G and Blockchain: Realizing Distributed Accounting, Digital Identity Verification and Other Applications"
introduction
1.1. Background introduction
With the rapid development of information technology, distributed ledger technology has gradually become a hot topic of concern. With its characteristics of decentralization, non-tampering, traceability, and verifiability, blockchain technology has brought unprecedented opportunities to various fields.
1.2. Purpose of the article
This article aims to discuss how to combine 5G communication technology, blockchain technology and distributed accounting technology to realize applications such as distributed accounting and digital identity verification. Through in-depth analysis of relevant technologies, it provides useful technical references for readers.
1.3. Target Audience
This article is mainly aimed at readers who have a certain understanding of 5G, blockchain, and distributed ledger technology, as well as technical personnel and investors who need to solve problems such as distributed accounting and digital identity verification.
- Technical Principles and Concepts
2.1. Explanation of basic concepts
Blockchain: Blockchain is a distributed data storage technology that can record transaction information and store data on multiple nodes in the network. Each node has a complete copy of the ledger, and when all nodes reach a consensus, new blocks can be generated.
Distributed ledger: Distributed ledger is an application of blockchain technology, which realizes common maintenance of data by storing data on multiple nodes in the network.
5G: The fifth generation of mobile communication technology with higher data transmission rates and lower latency.
Digital identity verification: Digital identity verification refers to the realization of user identity authentication through blockchain technology to ensure the authenticity and integrity of user information.
2.2. Introduction to technical principles: algorithm principles, operation steps, mathematical formulas, etc.
The core of distributed ledger technology is blockchain, and its working principle is realized based on cryptography technology. Blockchain stores data on multiple nodes in the network by generating new blocks. Each node has a complete copy of the ledger, and when all nodes reach a consensus, new blocks can be generated.
The basic concept of a distributed ledger can be summarized as follows: data is stored on multiple nodes in the network, and each node has a complete copy of the ledger. When all nodes reach a consensus, a new block can be generated.
2.3. Comparison of related technologies
Distributed Ledger Technology: Blockchain
- Data Storage: Data is stored on multiple nodes in the network
- Consensus mechanism: The consensus mechanism is distributed, and new blocks are generated after consensus is reached between nodes
- Account book update: Each node will update the account book to ensure the consistency of the account book
- Security: Relatively low, there are security risks such as information leakage
Digital Identity Verification: The Traditional Way of Authentication
- Data storage: data is stored in local server or database
- Consensus mechanism: the consensus mechanism is consistent and does not need to be distributed
- Ledger update: The way to update the ledger may be different
- Security: high, but there are risks such as tampering
- Implementation steps and processes
3.1. Preparatory work: environment configuration and dependency installation
First, you need to ensure that your computer environment meets the following requirements:
- Operating system: Linux system, version 16.04 or higher is required
- Processor: 64-bit processor, dual-core 1 GHz or higher
- Memory: 8 GB RAM
- Storage: At least 200 GB SSD (for data storage)
Then, install the following software:
- Git: version control tool
- Docker: for containerized deployment
- Solidity: Ethereum virtual machine language, needs to use TensorFlow Lite engine to run
3.2. Core module implementation
- Create a Solidity project in a Docker environment
- Write smart contracts to realize distributed accounting functions
- Use Docker Compose to build Solidity projects and compile them into local binaries
- Deploy smart contracts using Docker Swarm (or Kubernetes)
3.3. Integration and testing
- Test smart contracts in a distributed environment
- Use the Solidity CLI tool to test the smart contract
- Application examples and code implementation explanation
4.1. Application scenario introduction
Distributed bookkeeping is a decentralized financial management method, which can effectively reduce the cost of corporate financial management and improve the efficiency of capital use. At the same time, digital identity verification can ensure the authenticity and integrity of user information and prevent information leakage and tampering.
4.2. Application case analysis
Suppose an Internet company needs to perform distributed accounting for users, and at the same time needs to perform digital identity verification for users. The company can use 5G communication technology to achieve efficient network communication, and use blockchain technology to ensure the security of data and the sharing of distributed ledgers.
4.3. Core code implementation
First, create a Solidity project named "Distributed Ledger System" in the Docker environment, and add the following dependencies:
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
contract DistributedAccountbook is ERC20, Ownable {
using SafeMath for uint256;
// 存储所有用户的账户余额
mapping(address => uint256) public balances;
// 存储所有用户的信息
mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) public users;
// 构造函数
constructor() ERC20("Distributed Accountbook", "DAI") {
balances[msg.sender] = 100 * SafeMath.fromWei("1", "ether");
emit Transfer(address(msg.sender), address(msg.to), uint256("1"));
}
// 分布式记账
function balanceOf(address _owner) public view returns (uint256) {
return balances[_owner];
}
function ownerOf(address _owner) public view returns (address) {
return _owner;
}
// 数字身份验证
function verify(address _address) public onlyOwner {
require(msg.sender == _address, "You are not the owner");
uint256 balance = balanceOf(msg.sender);
require(balance > 0, "Your balance is zero");
}
function updateBalance(address _owner, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
balances[_owner] = balances[_owner] + _value;
}
function addUser(address _newUser, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
mapping(address => uint256) storage newUser = users[msg.sender];
require(newUser == 0, "User already exists");
users[msg.sender] = mapping(address => uint256) storage newUserWithout;
users[msg.sender][_newUser] = _value;
}
function removeUser(address _address) public onlyOwner {
require(msg.sender == _address, "You are not the owner");
mapping(address => uint256) storage users = users[msg.sender];
require(users == 0, "No user found");
delete users[msg.sender];
}
function submitTransaction(address _sender, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
uint256 senderBalance = balances[msg.sender];
require(senderBalance > 0, "Your balance is zero");
uint256 newBalance = senderBalance + _value;
balances[msg.sender] = newBalance;
emit Transfer(msg.sender, address(this), uint256(_value));
}
function _beforeEach(address _owner) public onlyOwner {
require(msg.sender == _owner, "You are not the owner");
balances[msg.sender] = 100 * SafeMath.fromWei("1", "ether");
emit Transfer(address(msg.sender), address(this), uint256("1"));
}
function _afterEach(address _sender) public onlyOwner {
require(msg.sender == _sender, "You are not the owner");
require(balanceOf(_sender) > 0, "Your balance is zero");
uint256 senderBalance = balances[msg.sender];
require(senderBalance > 0, "Your balance is zero");
balances[msg.sender] = senderBalance - 1;
emit Transfer(msg.sender, address(this), uint256("1"));
}
function _transfer(address _sender, address _recipient, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
require(_sender == msg.sender, "You are not the owner");
require(_recipient == this, "Recipient is not this");
uint256 senderBalance = balances[msg.sender];
require(senderBalance > 0, "Your balance is zero");
require(balanceOf(_recipient) == 0, "Recipient does not exist");
balanceOf(_recipient) = senderBalance - _value;
emit Transfer(msg.sender, _recipient, _value);
}
function _approve(address _owner, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
require(_owner == msg.sender, "You are not the owner");
require(balanceOf(_owner) > 0, "Your balance is zero");
uint256 senderBalance = balances[msg.sender];
require(senderBalance > 0, "Your balance is zero");
balanceOf(_owner) = senderBalance + _value;
emit Transfer(msg.sender, _owner, _value);
}
function _withdraw(address _owner, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
require(_owner == msg.sender, "You are not the owner");
require(balanceOf(_owner) > 0, "Your balance is zero");
uint256 senderBalance = balances[msg.sender];
require(senderBalance > 0, "Your balance is zero");
require(payable(msg.sender) == _value, "Amount not支付");
payable(msg.sender) = 0;
balanceOf(_owner) = senderBalance - _value;
emit Transfer(msg.sender, address(this), uint256(_value));
}
function _transferFrom(address _sender, address _recipient, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
require(_sender == msg.sender, "You are not the owner");
require(_recipient == this, "Recipient is not this");
require(payable(msg.sender) == _value, "Amount not支付");
payable(msg.sender) = _value;
require(balanceOf(_recipient) == 0, "Recipient does not exist");
balanceOf(_recipient) = senderBalance - _value;
emit Transfer(msg.sender, address(this), uint256(_value));
}
}- Application examples and code implementation explanation
4.1. Application scenario introduction
Suppose an Internet company needs to perform digital identity verification and distributed accounting for users. The company can use 5G communication technology to achieve efficient network communication, and use blockchain technology to ensure the security of data and the sharing of distributed ledgers.
4.2. Application case analysis
Suppose there is a financial company that needs to perform digital identity verification and distributed accounting for users. The financial company can use 5G communication technology to achieve efficient network communication, and use blockchain technology to ensure data security and distributed ledger sharing.
First, create a financial company smart contract and add the following functionality:
- Digital identity verification: users need to provide identity documents (such as ID cards or passports), and smart contracts need to verify the validity of identity proofs;
- Distributed accounting: Smart contracts need to record every transaction of the user and store the transaction information on the blockchain.
Then, compile the smart contract, deploy it using Docker, and test it using the Solidity CLI.
4.3. Core code implementation
pragma solidity ^0.8.0;
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/token/ERC20/ERC20.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/access/Ownable.sol";
import "@openzeppelin/contracts/utils/math/SafeMath.sol";
contract FinancialAccountbook is ERC20, Ownable {
using SafeMath for uint256;
// 存储所有用户的账户余额
mapping(address => uint256) public balances;
// 存储所有用户的信息
mapping(address => mapping(address => uint256)) public users;
// 构造函数
constructor() ERC20("Financial Accountbook", "FA") {
balances[msg.sender] = 100 * SafeMath.fromWei("1", "ether");
emit Transfer(address(msg.sender), address(this), uint256("1"));
}
// 数字身份验证
function verify(address _address) public onlyOwner {
require(msg.sender == _address, "You are not the owner");
require(balanceOf(address(this)) > 0, "Your balance is zero");
uint256 balance = balanceOf(address(this));
require(balance > 0, "Your balance is zero");
require(payable(address(this)) == _address, "Amount not支付");
payable(address(this)) = 0;
balanceOf(address(this)) = balance;
}
function updateBalance(address _owner, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
require(_owner == address(this), "You are not the owner");
require(balanceOf(_owner) > 0, "Your balance is zero");
uint256 newBalance = balances[_owner] + _value;
balances[_owner] = newBalance;
emit Transfer(address(this), _owner, uint256(_value));
}
function addUser(address _newUser, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
require(_newUser == address(this), "User already exists");
require(users == 0, "No user found");
users[msg.sender] = mapping(address => uint256) storage newUserWithout;
users[msg.sender][_newUser] = _value;
}
function removeUser(address _address) public onlyOwner {
require(msg.sender == address(this), "You are not the owner");
require(users == 0, "No user found");
delete users[msg.sender];
}
function submitTransaction(address _sender, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
require(_sender == address(this), "You are not the owner");
require(payable(msg.sender) == _value, "Amount not支付");
payable(msg.sender) = 0;
balanceOf(address(this)) = balanceOf(address(this)) - _value;
emit Transfer(msg.sender, address(this), uint256(_value));
}
function _beforeEach(address _owner) public onlyOwner {
require(msg.sender == _owner, "You are not the owner");
balances[msg.sender] = 100 * SafeMath.fromWei("1", "ether");
emit Transfer(address(msg.sender), address(this), uint256("1"));
}
function _afterEach(address _sender) public onlyOwner {
require(msg.sender == _sender, "You are not the owner");
require(balanceOf(_sender) > 0, "Your balance is zero");
uint256 senderBalance = balances[msg.sender];
require(senderBalance > 0, "Your balance is zero");
require(payable(msg.sender) == _sender, "Amount not支付");
payable(msg.sender) = 0;
balanceOf(_sender) = senderBalance;
}
function _transfer(address _sender, address _recipient, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
require(_sender == msg.sender, "You are not the owner");
require(_recipient == this, "Recipient is not this");
require(payable(msg.sender) == _value, "Amount not支付");
payable(msg.sender) = _value;
require(balanceOf(_recipient) == 0, "Recipient does not exist");
balanceOf(_recipient) = senderBalance - _value;
emit Transfer(msg.sender, _recipient, _value);
}
function _approve(address _owner, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
require(_owner == msg.sender, "You are not the owner");
require(balanceOf(_owner) > 0, "Your balance is zero");
uint256 senderBalance = balances[msg.sender];
require(senderBalance > 0, "Your balance is zero");
balanceOf(_owner) = senderBalance + _value;
emit Transfer(msg.sender, _owner, _value);
}
function _withdraw(address _owner, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
require(_owner == msg.sender, "You are not the owner");
require(balanceOf(_owner) > 0, "Your balance is zero");
uint256 senderBalance = balances[msg.sender];
require(senderBalance > 0, "Your balance is zero");
require(payable(msg.sender) == _value, "Amount not支付");
payable(msg.sender) = 0;
balanceOf(_owner) = senderBalance - _value;
emit Transfer(msg.sender, address(this), uint256(_value));
}
function _transferFrom(address _sender, address _recipient, uint256 _value) public onlyOwner {
require(_value > 0, "Amount is zero");
require(_sender == address(this), "You are not the owner");
require(_recipient == this, "Recipient is not this");
require(payable(msg.sender) == _value, "Amount not支付");
payable(msg.sender) = _value;
require(balanceOf(_recipient) == 0, "Recipient does not exist");
balanceOf(_recipient) = senderBalance - _value;
emit Transfer(msg.sender, address(this), uint256(_value));
}
}- Optimization and Improvement
5.1. Performance optimization
- Remove unnecessary functions
- reduce compile time
- Reduce memory consumption
- Add more test cases
5.2. Scalability Improvements
- Add more functions to meet more needs
- Improve code readability and maintainability
- Support more blockchain networks
- Add more tools and libraries
5.3. Security Hardening
- Add more security measures to protect the security of smart contracts
- Make sure all security holes are fixed
- Smart contracts are regularly updated to address the latest security threats
Conclusion and Outlook
Distributed accounting and digital identity verification are two important application scenarios of blockchain technology. By combining 5G and blockchain technology, efficient distributed accounting and digital identity verification can be achieved. This article provides useful technical reference and application ideas for readers by introducing how to use 5G and blockchain technology to realize distributed accounting and digital identity verification.