STM32F103C8T6 MPU6050 three-bit angle change (HAL library)
foreword,
Recently, I am preparing to build a bionic robot, and I need to understand the current attitude of the robot. The best component to achieve this goal is the gyroscope. After a day of research, I finally successfully realized the raw data output of the gyroscope and converted it into an angle function.
Introduction of MPU6050
The basic introduction about MPU6050 is full of information on the Internet, so I won’t go into details here, just go to Baidu directly.
Physical connection between MPU6050 and STM32
MPU6050 STM32
SDA -> SDA
SCL -> SCL
VCC -> 5V
GND -> GND
AD0 -> GND (The address of IIC is mainly affected by grounding and connecting to 3.3V here, grounding is 0X68, connecting to VCC is 0X69)
cubemx configuration
Here you only need to open the IIC and the serial port normally. There is only one thing to pay attention to is that the rate of the IIC needs to be 400KHz, and it needs to be used in the DMP later.
program source code
###MOU6050.c
#include "mpu6050.h"
//初始化MPU6050
//返回值:0,成功
// 其他,错误代码
uint8_t MPU_Init(void)
{
uint8_t res;
extern I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c1;
HAL_I2C_Init(&hi2c1);
MPU_Write_Byte(MPU_PWR_MGMT1_REG,0X80); //复位MPU6050
HAL_Delay (100);
MPU_Write_Byte(MPU_PWR_MGMT1_REG,0X00); //唤醒MPU6050
MPU_Set_Gyro_Fsr(3); //陀螺仪传感器,±2000dps
MPU_Set_Accel_Fsr(0); //加速度传感器,±2g
MPU_Set_Rate(50); //设置采样率50Hz
MPU_Write_Byte(MPU_INT_EN_REG,0X00); //关闭所有中断
MPU_Write_Byte(MPU_USER_CTRL_REG,0X00); //I2C主模式关闭
MPU_Write_Byte(MPU_FIFO_EN_REG,0X00); //关闭FIFO
MPU_Write_Byte(MPU_INTBP_CFG_REG,0X80); //INT引脚低电平有效
res=MPU_Read_Byte(MPU_DEVICE_ID_REG);
if(res==MPU_ADDR)//器件ID正确
{
MPU_Write_Byte(MPU_PWR_MGMT1_REG,0X01); //设置CLKSEL,PLL X轴为参考
MPU_Write_Byte(MPU_PWR_MGMT2_REG,0X00); //加速度与陀螺仪都工作
MPU_Set_Rate(50); //设置采样率为50Hz
}else return 1;
return 0;
}
//设置MPU6050陀螺仪传感器满量程范围
//fsr:0,±250dps;1,±500dps;2,±1000dps;3,±2000dps
//返回值:0,设置成功
// 其他,设置失败
uint8_t MPU_Set_Gyro_Fsr(uint8_t fsr)
{
return MPU_Write_Byte(MPU_GYRO_CFG_REG,fsr<<3);//设置陀螺仪满量程范围
}
//设置MPU6050加速度传感器满量程范围
//fsr:0,±2g;1,±4g;2,±8g;3,±16g
//返回值:0,设置成功
// 其他,设置失败
uint8_t MPU_Set_Accel_Fsr(uint8_t fsr)
{
return MPU_Write_Byte(MPU_ACCEL_CFG_REG,fsr<<3);//设置加速度传感器满量程范围
}
//设置MPU6050的数字低通滤波器
//lpf:数字低通滤波频率(Hz)
//返回值:0,设置成功
// 其他,设置失败
uint8_t MPU_Set_LPF(uint16_t lpf)
{
uint8_t data=0;
if(lpf>=188)data=1;
else if(lpf>=98)data=2;
else if(lpf>=42)data=3;
else if(lpf>=20)data=4;
else if(lpf>=10)data=5;
else data=6;
return MPU_Write_Byte(MPU_CFG_REG,data);//设置数字低通滤波器
}
//设置MPU6050的采样率(假定Fs=1KHz)
//rate:4~1000(Hz)
//返回值:0,设置成功
// 其他,设置失败
uint8_t MPU_Set_Rate(uint16_t rate)
{
uint8_t data;
if(rate>1000)rate=1000;
if(rate<4)rate=4;
data=1000/rate-1;
data=MPU_Write_Byte(MPU_SAMPLE_RATE_REG,data); //设置数字低通滤波器
return MPU_Set_LPF(rate/2); //自动设置LPF为采样率的一半
}
//得到温度值
//返回值:温度值(扩大了100倍)
float MPU_Get_Temperature(void)
{
unsigned char buf[2];
short raw;
float temp;
MPU_Read_Len(MPU_TEMP_OUTH_REG,2,buf);
raw=(buf[0]<<8)| buf[1];
temp=(36.53+((double)raw)/340)*100;
// temp = (long)((35 + (raw / 340)) * 65536L);
return temp/100.0f;
}
//得到陀螺仪值(原始值)
//gx,gy,gz:陀螺仪x,y,z轴的原始读数(带符号)
//返回值:0,成功
// 其他,错误代码
uint8_t MPU_Get_Gyroscope(short *gx,short *gy,short *gz)
{
uint8_t buf[6],res;
res=MPU_Read_Len(MPU_GYRO_XOUTH_REG,6,buf);
if(res==0)
{
*gx=((uint16_t)buf[0]<<8)|buf[1];
*gy=((uint16_t)buf[2]<<8)|buf[3];
*gz=((uint16_t)buf[4]<<8)|buf[5];
}
return res;
}
//得到加速度值(原始值)
//gx,gy,gz:陀螺仪x,y,z轴的原始读数(带符号)
//返回值:0,成功
// 其他,错误代码
uint8_t MPU_Get_Accelerometer(short *ax,short *ay,short *az)
{
uint8_t buf[6],res;
res=MPU_Read_Len(MPU_ACCEL_XOUTH_REG,6,buf);
if(res==0)
{
*ax=((uint16_t)buf[0]<<8)|buf[1];
*ay=((uint16_t)buf[2]<<8)|buf[3];
*az=((uint16_t)buf[4]<<8)|buf[5];
}
return res;;
}
//IIC连续写
uint8_t MPU_Write_Len(uint8_t reg,uint8_t len,uint8_t *buf)
{
extern I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c1;
HAL_I2C_Mem_Write(&hi2c1, MPU_WRITE, reg, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, buf, len, 0xfff);
HAL_Delay(1);
return 0;
}
//IIC连续读
//addr:器件地址
//reg:要读取的寄存器地址
//len:要读取的长度
//buf:读取到的数据存储区
//返回值:0,正常
// 其他,错误代码
uint8_t MPU_Read_Len(uint8_t reg,uint8_t len,uint8_t *buf)
{
extern I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c1;
HAL_I2C_Mem_Read(&hi2c1, MPU_READ, reg, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, buf, len, 0xfff);
HAL_Delay(1);
return 0;
}
//IIC写一个字节
//reg:寄存器地址
//data:数据
//返回值:0,正常
// 其他,错误代码
uint8_t MPU_Write_Byte(uint8_t reg,uint8_t data)
{
extern I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c1;
unsigned char W_Data=0;
W_Data = data;
HAL_I2C_Mem_Write(&hi2c1, MPU_WRITE, reg, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, &W_Data, 1, 0xfff);
HAL_Delay(1);
return 0;
}
//IIC读一个字节
//reg:寄存器地址
//返回值:读到的数据
uint8_t MPU_Read_Byte(uint8_t reg)
{
extern I2C_HandleTypeDef hi2c1;
unsigned char R_Data=0;
HAL_I2C_Mem_Read(&hi2c1, MPU_READ, reg, I2C_MEMADD_SIZE_8BIT, &R_Data, 1, 0xfff);
HAL_Delay(1);
return R_Data;
}
MPU6050.h
#ifndef __MPU6050_H
#define __MPU6050_H
#include "stm32f1xx_hal.h"
//#define MPU_ACCEL_OFFS_REG 0X06 //accel_offs寄存器,可读取版本号,寄存器手册未提到
//#define MPU_PROD_ID_REG 0X0C //prod id寄存器,在寄存器手册未提到
#define MPU_SELF_TESTX_REG 0X0D //自检寄存器X
#define MPU_SELF_TESTY_REG 0X0E //自检寄存器Y
#define MPU_SELF_TESTZ_REG 0X0F //自检寄存器Z
#define MPU_SELF_TESTA_REG 0X10 //自检寄存器A
#define MPU_SAMPLE_RATE_REG 0X19 //采样频率分频器
#define MPU_CFG_REG 0X1A //配置寄存器
#define MPU_GYRO_CFG_REG 0X1B //陀螺仪配置寄存器
#define MPU_ACCEL_CFG_REG 0X1C //加速度计配置寄存器
#define MPU_MOTION_DET_REG 0X1F //运动检测阀值设置寄存器
#define MPU_FIFO_EN_REG 0X23 //FIFO使能寄存器
#define MPU_I2CMST_CTRL_REG 0X24 //IIC主机控制寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV0_ADDR_REG 0X25 //IIC从机0器件地址寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV0_REG 0X26 //IIC从机0数据地址寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV0_CTRL_REG 0X27 //IIC从机0控制寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV1_ADDR_REG 0X28 //IIC从机1器件地址寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV1_REG 0X29 //IIC从机1数据地址寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV1_CTRL_REG 0X2A //IIC从机1控制寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV2_ADDR_REG 0X2B //IIC从机2器件地址寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV2_REG 0X2C //IIC从机2数据地址寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV2_CTRL_REG 0X2D //IIC从机2控制寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV3_ADDR_REG 0X2E //IIC从机3器件地址寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV3_REG 0X2F //IIC从机3数据地址寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV3_CTRL_REG 0X30 //IIC从机3控制寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV4_ADDR_REG 0X31 //IIC从机4器件地址寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV4_REG 0X32 //IIC从机4数据地址寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV4_DO_REG 0X33 //IIC从机4写数据寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV4_CTRL_REG 0X34 //IIC从机4控制寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV4_DI_REG 0X35 //IIC从机4读数据寄存器
#define MPU_I2CMST_STA_REG 0X36 //IIC主机状态寄存器
#define MPU_INTBP_CFG_REG 0X37 //中断/旁路设置寄存器
#define MPU_INT_EN_REG 0X38 //中断使能寄存器
#define MPU_INT_STA_REG 0X3A //中断状态寄存器
#define MPU_ACCEL_XOUTH_REG 0X3B //加速度值,X轴高8位寄存器
#define MPU_ACCEL_XOUTL_REG 0X3C //加速度值,X轴低8位寄存器
#define MPU_ACCEL_YOUTH_REG 0X3D //加速度值,Y轴高8位寄存器
#define MPU_ACCEL_YOUTL_REG 0X3E //加速度值,Y轴低8位寄存器
#define MPU_ACCEL_ZOUTH_REG 0X3F //加速度值,Z轴高8位寄存器
#define MPU_ACCEL_ZOUTL_REG 0X40 //加速度值,Z轴低8位寄存器
#define MPU_TEMP_OUTH_REG 0X41 //温度值高八位寄存器
#define MPU_TEMP_OUTL_REG 0X42 //温度值低8位寄存器
#define MPU_GYRO_XOUTH_REG 0X43 //陀螺仪值,X轴高8位寄存器
#define MPU_GYRO_XOUTL_REG 0X44 //陀螺仪值,X轴低8位寄存器
#define MPU_GYRO_YOUTH_REG 0X45 //陀螺仪值,Y轴高8位寄存器
#define MPU_GYRO_YOUTL_REG 0X46 //陀螺仪值,Y轴低8位寄存器
#define MPU_GYRO_ZOUTH_REG 0X47 //陀螺仪值,Z轴高8位寄存器
#define MPU_GYRO_ZOUTL_REG 0X48 //陀螺仪值,Z轴低8位寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV0_DO_REG 0X63 //IIC从机0数据寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV1_DO_REG 0X64 //IIC从机1数据寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV2_DO_REG 0X65 //IIC从机2数据寄存器
#define MPU_I2CSLV3_DO_REG 0X66 //IIC从机3数据寄存器
#define MPU_I2CMST_DELAY_REG 0X67 //IIC主机延时管理寄存器
#define MPU_SIGPATH_RST_REG 0X68 //信号通道复位寄存器
#define MPU_MDETECT_CTRL_REG 0X69 //运动检测控制寄存器
#define MPU_USER_CTRL_REG 0X6A //用户控制寄存器
#define MPU_PWR_MGMT1_REG 0X6B //电源管理寄存器1
#define MPU_PWR_MGMT2_REG 0X6C //电源管理寄存器2
#define MPU_FIFO_CNTH_REG 0X72 //FIFO计数寄存器高八位
#define MPU_FIFO_CNTL_REG 0X73 //FIFO计数寄存器低八位
#define MPU_FIFO_RW_REG 0X74 //FIFO读写寄存器
#define MPU_DEVICE_ID_REG 0X75 //器件ID寄存器
//如果AD0脚(9脚)接地,IIC地址为0X68(不包含最低位).
//如果接V3.3,则IIC地址为0X69(不包含最低位).
#define MPU_ADDR 0X68
因为开发板接GND,所以转为读写地址后,为0XD1和0XD0(如果接GND,则为0XD3和0XD2)
#define MPU_READ 0XD1
#define MPU_WRITE 0XD0
uint8_t MPU_Init(void); //初始化MPU6050
uint8_t MPU_Write_Len(uint8_t reg,uint8_t len,uint8_t *buf); //IIC连续写
uint8_t MPU_Read_Len(uint8_t reg,uint8_t len,uint8_t *buf); //IIC连续读
uint8_t MPU_Write_Byte(uint8_t reg,uint8_t data); //IIC写一个字节
uint8_t MPU_Read_Byte(uint8_t reg); //IIC读一个字节
uint8_t MPU_Set_Gyro_Fsr(uint8_t fsr);
uint8_t MPU_Set_Accel_Fsr(uint8_t fsr);
uint8_t MPU_Set_LPF(uint16_t lpf);
uint8_t MPU_Set_Rate(uint16_t rate);
uint8_t MPU_Set_Fifo(uint8_t sens);
float MPU_Get_Temperature(void);
uint8_t MPU_Get_Gyroscope(short *gx,short *gy,short *gz);
uint8_t MPU_Get_Accelerometer(short *ax,short *ay,short *az);
#endif
The above two files can realize the output of the original learning of MPU6050, but not the angle. If you want to output the angle, you need to perform DMP. Careful students may find that the IIC program is not seen because it is included in the above file. , so there is no separate IIC header file and C file added.
DMP the original information to make the final output angle information
DMP is actually the process of processing the original information and obtaining angle information. There are many methods, but only DMP, and Kalman filtering has not been studied yet, but the results should be the same.
Steps of DMP:
First, you need to transplant several files.
First, add two C files to the project. Pay attention to the added path. If the path is wrong, the transplant cannot be successful.
Open the inv_mpu.c file first, as shown in the figure:
The macro definition of i2c_write and i2c_read is very important, and it is given the function name. Here, it needs to be modified to the MPU6050 register function written by myself and the MPU6050 read register function. The following two are my read and write
. Function, change according to your own needs.
uint8_t MPU_Write_Len(uint8_t reg,uint8_t len,uint8_t *buf)
uint8_t MPU_Read_Len(uint8_t reg,uint8_t len,uint8_t *buf)
Find the mpu_dmp_init function, and then replace the I2C bus initialization function in the function with the I2C bus initialization function written by yourself. Here's what it looks like after my changes.
At this point, the use of the MPU6050 has basically been successfully implemented. You can search for several files of DMP on the Internet, or you can privately message me and communicate with each other, but I refuse to reach out to the party, because I am also constantly checking information, constantly trying, and constantly Failure is success.
Finally, I would like to say to myself: No matter what it is, it can only be realized if it is done. As long as it is done, I believe it will be realized one day.
QQ：3200677973
##Effect map
The most important reference article: 1 Use STM32 CUBE to build a project to realize the angle measurement of MPU6050
2 MPU6050 debugging and digital motion processor DMP based on STM32F103C8T6
Thanks for sharing.