multiple choice
1. The hind legs of a locust are:
A．jumping foot b. Digging feet C. swimming feet d. walking foot
2. The stomata of insects are mostly located on both sides of the insect’s abdomen. Excuse me, the stomata belong to:
A．Digestive system b. nervous system c. circulatory system d. respiratory system
3. There is an insect that has shed its skin three times. How old is the insect?
A．2 years old B．3 years old c. 4 years old D．5 years old
4. The forewings of locusts are ( )
A. Membrane B. Elytra C. Semi-elytra D. Covered wings
5. The mouthparts of cicadas are ( )
A. Chewing mouthparts B. Piercing and sucking mouthparts C. Siphoning mouthparts D. Licking and sucking mouthparts
6. The front legs of a praying mantis are:
A. digging foot B. walking foot C. catching foot D. jumping foot
7. The front legs of bees are ( )
A. digging foot B. walking foot C. catching foot D. carrying powder foot
8. The front legs of mole crickets are ( )
A. digging foot B. walking foot C. catching foot D. jumping foot
9. Both the front and back wings of butterflies and moths are ( )
A. Membrane B. Half elytra C. Scale D. Elytra
10. The mouthparts of butterflies and moths are ( )
A. Pricking and sucking mouthparts B. Siphoning mouthparts C. Chewing and sucking mouthparts D. Licking and sucking mouthparts
11. The forewing of the beetle is ( )
A. Membrane B. Semi-elytra C. Elytra D. Lepidoptera
12. The forewings of the stinkbug are:
A. Membrane B. Semi-elytra C. Elytra D. Lepidoptera
13. The front and rear wings of a bee are ( )
A. Membrane B. Semi-elytra C. Elytra D. Lepidoptera
14. The hind wing of the fly is ( )
A. Membrane B. Half elytra C. Covered wings D. Balance bar
15. Which belongs to the excretory organ is ( )
A. Digestive canal B. Malpighian duct C. Dorsal vessel D. Ventral nerve cord
16. The metamorphosis of locusts belongs to ( )
A. Semi-metamorphosis B. Gradual metamorphosis C. Over-gradual metamorphosis D. Full metamorphosis
17. Butterflies and moths belong to ( )
A. Semi-metamorphosis B. Gradual metamorphosis C. Over-gradual metamorphosis D. Full metamorphosis
18. Which class do mites belong to ( )
A．Insecta B Arachnida C. Clawed D. Chiropod
19. The larvae of the housefly belong to ( )
A. Protopoda B. Oligopod C. Polypod D. No leg
20. Which of the following insects have mouth parts that belong to the posterior mouth ( )
A. Grasshopper B. Cutworm C. Aphid D. Tiger beetle
21. Which type of carapace's mouthparts is placed on ( )
A. Bottom port B. Front port C. Rear port D. Top port
22. Which of the following are not components of antennae ( )
A. Stalk B. Stem C. Flag D. Basal
23. What type of bee interlocker belongs to ( )
A. Wing fold type B. Wing hook type C. Wing yoke type D. Wing stiff type ( )
24. What type of interlock does the cicada belong to ( )
A. Wing fold type B. Wing hook type C. Wing yoke type D. Wing stiff type
25. The tentacles and appendages are glued to the pupal body and cannot move, and most or all of the abdominal segments cannot twist. This kind of pupa is ____
A. Detached pupa B. Pupaed C. Surrounded pupa D. Naked pupa
26. Which type of parthenogenesis does aphid belong to: ( )
A. Occasional parthenogenesis B. Frequent parthenogenesis C. Periodic parthenogenesis D. Permanent parthenogenesis
27. Which germ layer is the midgut derived from? ( )
A ectoderm B mesoderm C endoderm D inner layer
28. The length of a sarcomere is equal to ( )
A. 1/2 I+A+1/2I B. 1/2A+I+1/2A C. A+I D. 1/2(A+I)
29. The type of tentacles unique to flies is ( )
A. Serrated B. Ringed C. Awned D. Pinnate
30. The type of tentacles of scarabs is ( )
A.Serrated B.Ring hairy C.Awned D.Gill lamella
31. The antennae of male mosquitoes are: ( )
A.Serrated B.Ring hairy C.Awned D.Gill lamella
32. The antennae of a bee are ( )
A.Serrated B.Elbow-shaped C.Awned D.Gill-shaped
33. The antennae of butterflies are ( )
A. Filament B. Elbow C. Feather D. Club
34. The tentacles of locusts are ( )
A. Filament B. Elbow C. Feather D. Club
35. The tentacles of cicadas are ( )
A. Filiform B. Elbow C. Setae D. Club
2. Multiple Choice Questions
1. The body wall of insects is composed of ( )?
A．skin cell layer b. basement membrane C neurons D. epidermis
2. Insect respiration is mainly accomplished by those methods?
A．respiration b. Diffusion c. Dialysis D. Ventilation
3. Which of the following substances belong to the endocrine hormones secreted by the endocrine organs of insects?
A. Sex hormones B. brain hormone c. peeling hormone d. track hormones
4. How many regions can an insect's head be divided into?
A. Frontal base area B. Cranial area C. Posterior and sub-occipital areas D. Subbuccal area
5. How many segments are the antennae of insects divided into?
A. Base B. Stalk C. Stem D. Flagellation E. Tarsus F. Tibia
6. The functions of insect blood are ( )
A. Transport oxygen B. Transport nutrients and waste C. Immunity D. Healing
7. Insects breathe in ( )
A. Tracheal system respiration B. Body wall respiration C. Tracheal gill respiration D. Bubble and air film respiration
8. The central nervous system of insects includes ( )
A. Brain B. Ventral nerve cord C. Oral tract D. Peripheral nervous system
9. Which of the following are the functions of antennae ( )
A. Smell B. Touch C. Hearing D. Vision
10. The following hormones ( ) belong to the endocrine hormones secreted by the endocrine organs of insects.
A sex hormone B brain hormone C peeling hormone D tracking hormone
11. Insect viviparous types can be divided into several types ( )
A. Ovoviviparous B. Glandular trophic viviparous C Hemocoel trophic viviparous D Pseudoplacental trophic viviparous
12. The following are derived from ectoderm ( )
A. Foregut B. Midgut C. Hindgut D Genitalia
13. The larvae of the following insects are oligopod larvae ( )
A. scarab B. sawfly C. moth D. ladybug
14. The central nervous system of insects includes ( )
A. Brain B. Ventral nerve cord C. Peripharyngeal nerve D. Sympathetic nervous system
15. Has excretion function ( )
A. Malpighian tubules B. Body wall and digestive tract C. Fat body D. Labial glands and pericardial cells
16. The important endocrine organs in insects are ( )
A. Brain neurosecretory cells B. Cardiac body C. Pharyngeal body D. Anterior thymus
17. What are the population characteristics of population changes? ( )
A. Population density B. Birth and death rates C. Growth rate and migration rates D Population life expectancy
18. The functions of insect antennae are ( )
A. Taste B. Hearing C. Smell D. Touch
19. The larvae of the following insects are legless larvae ( )
A. fly B. bee C. moth D. ladybug
20. There are ( ) ways for insects to obtain water
A. Obtain from food B. Drink water directly C. Absorb water through body wall D. Utilize metabolized water
21. There are ( ) ways for insects to lose water
A. Through digestion and excretion system B. Through breathing C. Through body wall D. Through peeling
22. Which of the following are insect pheromones ( )
A. Sex pheromone B. Alarm pheromone C. Ecdysone D. Juvenile hormone
23. Chewing mouthparts include ( )
A. Upper and lower lip B. Upper and lower jaw C Tongue D Beak
24. What parts does the lower lip consist of ( )
A. Anterior and posterior chin B. Inner and outer palate C Lateral and middle labial tongue D Lower barbels
25. The stomata of insects are born in ( )
A. Head B. Chest C. Abdomen D. Front feet
26 What type of mouthparts are thrips? ( )
A chewing B piercing suction C filing suction D double pricking suction
27. Which of the following insects belong to gradual metamorphosis ( )
A. Locust B. Cicada C. Stinkbug D. Scarab
28. Which of the following insects belong to holometabolism ( )
A. Bee B. Cicada C. Butterfly D. Scarab
29. The larvae of the following insects are oligopod larvae ( )
A. Fly B. Sawfly C. Moth D. Ladybug
30. The larvae of the following insects are multi-legged larvae ( )
A. butterfly B. sawfly C. moth D. bee
31. The pupae of the following insects belong to pupae ( )
A. fly B. butterfly C. moth D. ladybug
32. The dormancy of insects is caused by which of the following factors? ( )
A. Photoperiod B. High temperature C. Low temperature
33. Those belonging to piercing-suction mouthparts are ( )
A. Cicada B. Mosquito C Thrips D Bee
34. What grooves exist on the dorsal plate of the winged thoracic segment? ( )
A. Anterior crest groove B. Anterior shield groove C. Intershield groove D Lateral groove
35. Wings can be divided into what areas? ( )
A. Anterior buttock area B. Buttock area C Axillary area D Yoke area
36. Among the following insects, the antennae are filamentous ( )
A. Grasshoppers B. Crickets C. Stinkbugs D. Ladybugs
37. Which of the following is not an insect ( )
A. Spiders B. Mites C. Lice D. Nematodes
38. The following belong to the longitudinal vein ( )
A.. Cu pulse B. M pulse C. R pulse D. r pulse
39. Those belonging to the digestive tract of insects are ( )
A.. Foregut B. Gastric caecum C. Malpighian duct D. Ileum
40. The following are the components of insect muscle cells ( )
A.. muscle fiber B. nucleus C. sarcoplasm D. sarcolemma
3. True or False Questions
1. After the insect completes the embryonic development, it enters the post-embryonic development stage. Postembryonic development is characterized by growth accompanied by desquamation and metamorphosis.
2. The product of temperature accumulation and time required for insects to complete a stage of development is a constant. This law is called the law of effective accumulated temperature.
3. There is an insect with chewing mouthparts, elytra and forefeet digging feet. The insect should belong to the mole cricket family insects.
4. All insects have both monocular and compound eyes.
5. The dorsal ocelli are owned by the larvae of adult holometabolism.
6. The lateral ocelli are owned by adults and holometabolous larvae.
7. All insects have three pairs of thoracic legs and two pairs of wings.
8. The mouthparts of cicadas and mosquitoes both have 4 stylets.
9. The function of the Malpighian tube is to remove digested waste.
10. Not every chest segment has a back piece.
11. Larval reproduction is not parthenogenesis.
12. All insects have Malpighian tubules.
13. Insects increase in size by absorbing water or increasing internal pressure to thicken and increase rather than by extending the body.
14. The real mouth of an insect is located between the base of the lip base and the tongue
15. There is an insect with chewing mouthparts, covered wings, hopped hind legs, and sword-like ovipositor. The insect should belong to the Acrididae family.
16. The phenomenon that adults of the same sex of the same insect have two or more different types of individuals is called sexual dimorphism.
17. Insects do not need to feed during the adult stage.
18. The adult is the last stage of an insect's life, the main task is to mate and lay eggs.
19. The larval stage is the only feeding period for insects.
20. Insect dormancy is mainly controlled by photoperiod.
21. The upper lip and lower jaw of the chewing mouthparts of Lepidoptera larvae are the same as the general chewing mouthparts
22. During the feeding process of the piercing-sucking mouthparts, the beak protrudes into the food to play a supporting role.
23. Cicadas have two pumps: the sinus pump and the throat pump
24. The shaft segment and stem segment of the insect's lower jaw, the posterior chin and the front chin of the lower lip are equivalent to the basal segment of the more primitive arthropod appendage
25. The larvae of flies (such as houseflies) belong to the "headless" type
26. The web of the winged thoracic segment belongs to the epigenetic segmentation mode
27. The wings of insects are developed from the lateral dorsal lobes that expand from the back plate to both sides.
28. The hind wings of scale insects and dipteran insects degenerate into balance rods.
29. The feeding habits of insects are plastic.
30. It is generally believed that the constant temperature zone of insect respiration is consistent with the optimum temperature zone of physiology.
31. Longitudinal veins are wing veins extending from the leading edge to the trailing edge of the wing.
32. The transverse vein is the wing vein extending from the base of the wing to the outer edge.
33. The pattern sequence of insects is the sequence of Trichoptera.
Answer
2. Multiple Choice Questions
1.A 2.D 3.C 4.D 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.C 12.B 13.A 14.D 15.B 16.B 17.D 18.B 19.D 20.C21.B 22.D 23.A 24.B 25.B 26.D 27.C 28.A 29.C 30.D31.B 32.B 33.D 34.A 35. C
3. Multiple Choice Questions
1.ABD 2.BD 3.BC 4.ABCD 5.BCD 6.BCD 7.ABCD 8.AB 9.ABC 10.ABCD
11. ABCD 12.ACD 13. AD 14.ABC 15.ABCD 16.ABCD 17.ABCD 18.BCD 19.AB 20.ABCD 21.ABC 22.BCD 23.ABC 24.ABD 25.BC 26.BC 27.ABC 28.ACD 29.D 30.BC 31.BC 32.BC 33.AB 34.ABC 35.ABCD 36.ABC 37. ABD 38.ABC40.ABCD
Four, judgment questions 1. Wrong 2. Wrong 3. Wrong 4. Wrong 5. Wrong 6. Wrong 7. Wrong 8. Wrong 9. Wrong 10. Right 11. Wrong 12. Wrong 13. Wrong 14. Right 15. Wrong 16 .Wrong 17. Wrong 18. Right 19. Wrong 20. Wrong 21. Wrong 22. Wrong 23. Wrong 24. Right 25. Right 26. Wrong 27. Right 28. Wrong 29. Right 30. Right
Question two
1. Translating from Chinese to Chinese
1. Homoptera Homoptera 2. Coleoptera Coleoptera 3. Hemiptera Hemiptera 4. Mantodea Anthora 5. Blattodea Lagomorpha
Second, noun explanation
1. Parthenogenesis: A phenomenon in which insect eggs develop into new individuals without fertilization.
2. Post-embryonic development: It is the entire developmental process from the hatching of the egg to the sexual maturity of the adult.
3. Alternation of generations: It refers to the regular alternation of hermaphrodite and parthenogenetic generations in the annual life history of some polymorphic insects.
4. Migration: It is a phenomenon in which certain insects move in groups and regularly from one place of occurrence to another place of occurrence over long distances.
5. Polymorphism: It refers to the phenomenon that there are obvious differences in the external form of an insect in a unified insect state, such as individual, body shape and body color.
6. Microtrachea: The trachea of an insect branches from thick to thin. When the branch reaches a diameter of 2-5um, it extends into a palm-shaped terminal cell, and then a group of closed-end trachea with a diameter below 1um is formed from the terminal cell. for the microtrachea.
7. Generation: The development process of a new insect (egg or larva or larva or nymph) from leaving the mother to sexual maturity to produce offspring is called a life cycle, and such a process is usually called a generation.
*8. Dormancy: It is directly caused by adverse environmental conditions. When the adverse environmental conditions are eliminated, insects can immediately resume growth and stagnation of life activities.
*9. Male and female dimorphism: Male and female individuals of the same species have obvious differences in size, color, structure, etc. in addition to differences in the structure of reproductive organs and differences in secondary sexual characteristics.
10. Pheromones: also known as pheromones, are chemical substances secreted by the secretory glands of an insect individual to affect the behavior, development and reproduction of other individuals of the same species, and have both stimulating and inhibiting effects . 11. Synapse: The connection point between neurons, the contact area of nerve conduction.
12. Desquamation: After the insect hatches from the egg, with the growth of the insect body, after a period of time, a new epidermis is formed and the old epidermis is removed.
13. Migration: A phenomenon in which certain insects move in groups and regularly from one place of occurrence to another place of occurrence over long distances.
*14. Epigenetic segment: During the ossification process of the adult body wall, the intersegmental folds corresponding to the primary segment are also ossified, and an anterior inner ridge is formed inside, and a narrow ring without ossification in front of the bone is called The demarcation of the body segment, which is produced by the ossification of the body wall, is called the secondary segment.
15. Vein sequence: also called vein phase, the distribution of wing veins on the wing surface.
*16. Diapause: The temporary stop of growth and development caused by photoperiod. Once entering diapause, insects must be stimulated by certain conditions before they can continue to grow and develop when returning to a suitable photoperiod.
17. Antibiotic resistance: the food cannot fully meet the nutritional needs of insects, or contains substances that are toxic to insects, or lacks some substances that are particularly needed by insects, so insects are stunted after eating, lifespan is shortened, fecundity is weakened, and even death ; or due to insect feeding stimulation, the injured part produces chemical changes or tissue changes and resists insects to continue feeding. 18. Pest tolerance: Some plants have a strong ability to proliferate and recover after being damaged by pests, which can significantly reduce the loss of damage.
19. Non-selective: Plants do not possess special chemical substances or physical traits that insects oviposit or stimulate feeding; foods have special chemical substances or physical traits that avoid oviposition or resist feeding; During the development period, they are not adapted and are not harmed by feeding.
3. Fill in the blanks
1. The part of the digestive tract of insects originating from the ectoderm is the foregut and hindgut, and the part originating from the endoderm is the midgut. The midgut is the main site for secreting digestive enzymes, digesting food and absorbing nutrients.
2 . According to the mechanism of fertilization, the reproductive methods of insects are divided into hermaphroditism and parthenogenesis, among which parthenogenesis is more conducive to the adaptation of insect populations to the environment, expanding distribution and maintaining the continuation of species.
3. The types of metamorphosis of insects include augmentation metamorphosis, epimetamorphosis, protometamorphosis, incomplete metamorphosis, and complete metamorphosis.
4. When insects encounter adverse environmental conditions, the stagnation of life activities can be divided into dormancy and diapause according to the conditions that cause and relieve them. Among them, photoperiod is the main external ecological factor causing diapause.
5. Legs and wings are the main organs of locomotion in insects.
6. The scientific name of an insect species consists of two Latin words or Latinized words, the first being the genus name and the second being the species name.
7. The most notable feature that distinguishes Homoptera from other families is the presence of ventral tube and caudate.
8. The main circulatory organs of insects mainly include dorsal blood vessels, dorsal septum, accessory organs and abdominal septum.
9. Neurons can be divided into four types according to their functions: sensory neurons, motor neurons, associative neurons and neurosecretory cells.
10. Body wall muscles are divided into three types: tubular muscles, fascicular muscles, and fibrous muscles according to the shape and arrangement of myofibrils.
11. The compound eye is the main visual organ of insects and consists of different numbers of ommatidia, which are composed of four parts: cornea, corneal cells, crystal, and rods.
12. The piercing-sucking mouthparts stylets of insects evolved from the inner lobes of the upper and lower jaws, and the beak containing the stylets was extended from the lower lip.
short answer questions
1. What are the basic characteristics of Insecta?
(1) The body is composed of several links, which are assembled into three body segments: head, thorax, and abdomen.
(2) The head is the feeding and sensory center, with mouthparts and antennae, and usually compound eyes and monocular eyes.
(3) The thorax is the center of movement and support. The adult stage has three pairs of legs and usually two pairs of wings.
(4) The abdomen is the reproductive and metabolic center, which contains the reproductive system and most of the internal organs, without appendages for walking.
2. What are the breathing methods of insects?
Answer: The breathing methods of insects include: body wall respiration, tracheal gill respiration, bubble and air sac respiration, stoma and trachea respiration, and the unique respiration methods of parasitic insects: relying on the osmosis of the body wall to take oxygen from the host body fluid or tissue, or Oxygen is obtained from the atmosphere by penetrating the body wall of the host through spiracles.
3. What are the characteristics of dormancy and diapause? What are the conditions that cause and resolve diapause?
Answer: Dormancy: It is directly caused by adverse environmental conditions. When the adverse environmental conditions are eliminated, insects can immediately resume growth and stagnation of life activities.
Diapause: It is caused by environmental conditions, but usually not directly caused by adverse environmental conditions. When the adverse environmental conditions are eliminated, the insects cannot immediately resume the life activities of growth and development. The external factors causing diapause are mainly photoperiod, temperature, humidity and food, and the internal factors are hormones. Insects that enter diapause need to go through diapause metabolism for a certain period of time to release diapause. Temperature, humidity and light are important factors for diapause release.
4. Briefly describe the head type and characteristics of insects?
Answer: There are three types of head poses in insects:
(1) Lower mouth style: the mouthparts are attached and extend to the lower part of the head, especially suitable for gnawing on plant leaves, stems, etc. The heads of most herbivorous insects with chewing mouthparts and a small number of predatory insects belong to this type, which is a relatively primitive type of head.
(2) Front mouth: the mouthparts are attached and stretched forward, most predatory insects with chewing mouthparts, and borer insects belong to this category. The cheeks and posterior cheeks expand and extend forward, the dorsal bony depression moves forward, and the exopharyngeal sheet is formed between the dorsal bony depression and the posterior head control. In some insects, the exopharyngeal sheet has no obvious boundary with the lower lip and forms the pharyngeal cheek. Sometimes the exopharyngeal sheet narrows due to the extension of the posterior cheek, leaving only an exopharyngeal crevice.
(3) Posterior mouth style: the mouthparts extend to the back of the abdomen. Most insects with piercing-sucking mouthparts are of this type. The rear mouth is formed by insects to protect the long beak when not feeding, and can extend the beak downward or forward when feeding.
.5. What are the characteristics of piercing-sucking mouthparts and chewing mouthparts?
The upper lip degenerates into a small triangular sheet, the upper and lower jaws each specialize into 2 stylets, the lower lip extends into a beak, and the tongue, mandibular palps and lower lip palps degenerate
.6. What are the types of insect mouthparts? What is the significance of understanding the structural characteristics of the mouthparts to guide the prevention and treatment?
.Chew type, piercing type, siphon type, lick type, scrape type, etc.; select agents according to the type of mouthparts, and identify insects.
7. What is the basic structure of insect wings?
The basic shape is triangular, and the basic texture is a double-layer membranous skin structure with wing veins.