1. Cloud server construction and management
1. Comparison of cloud server products
- Cloud web hosting (Web Hosting) is a website hosting service. The product is pre-installed with the operating environment, database and management tools of common website development languages, and you can publish hosted websites simply and at low cost through cloud virtual hosts.
- Cloud server ECS (Elastic Compute Service) : a virtualized server based on cloud computing technology, which can provide high performance, safe and reliable computing power and scalability, and help enterprises quickly build and deploy applications to meet business needs
- Simple Application Server (Simple Application Server) : It is a lightweight cloud server ECS, which can install application images with one click, such as WordPress, Pagoda, etc., and supports one-click HTTPS and visual operation and maintenance operations. But lightweight application servers do not support cluster applications
- Virtual Private Server VPS (Virtual Private Server) : VPS is to use container technology and virtualization technology to divide a physical machine into N independent servers. The divided servers are independent of each other and do not affect each other. Each server has Independent IP, CPU, memory, disk, each divided server is VPS. Users use VPS just like using an independent server, you can customize and install the software you want
- SaaS Template Website Builder
- The GPU cloud server provides GPU-accelerated computing capabilities to realize out-of-the-box and elastic scaling of GPU computing resources. As a member of Alibaba Cloud's elastic computing family, the GPU cloud server combines GPU computing power and CPU computing power to meet your needs in scenarios such as artificial intelligence, high-performance computing, and professional graphics and image processing.
2. Server operation and maintenance management tools
Server administration includes all activities performed to optimize server performance and minimize downtime. Server administration involves two basic steps: network monitoring and server maintenance.
- Pagoda Server Panel: It is a visual panel management tool that supports more than 100 server management functions such as one-click LAMP/LNMP/cluster/monitoring/website/FTP/database/JAVA. Panels are available in both windows and linux versions
- AppNode panel: a Linux management panel, install a control center to manage all your servers, visualized, simple and efficient, transparent operation, and highly scalable
- 1Panel: A modern, open source Linux server operation and maintenance management panel, deeply integrated with WordPress and Halo, one-click domain name binding, SSL certificate configuration, etc.
2. Cloud server connection
Because it is a server, the normal way to use it is to use a remote connection. There are generally two types of remote connections, one is ssh, which directly enters the command line, and it is ok to run a program as a server. There is also a remote desktop connection (RDC). The downloaded desktop version needs to have a remote desktop.
1. SSH connection
Secure Shell (SSH) is a secure network protocol based on the application layer developed by IETF (The Internet Engineering Task Force). It is a protocol designed to provide security for remote login sessions (even Windows can be used to remotely log in to Linux servers for file transfer) and other network services, which can effectively make up for loopholes in the network. Through SSH, all transmitted data can be encrypted, and DNS spoofing and IP spoofing can also be prevented. An added benefit is that the transmitted data is compressed, so it can speed up the transmission. It has become the standard configuration of Linux system.
SSH is just a protocol, and there are many implementations, both commercial and open source. This article mainly introduces the free open source implementation of OpenSSH in Ubuntu. If you want to use SSH in Windows, you need to use another software PuTTY.
1.1 SSH tunnel for port forwarding
SSH automatically encrypts and decrypts all network data between SSH clients and servers. However, SSH can also forward the network data of other TCP ports through the SSH connection, and automatically provide corresponding encryption and decryption services. This process is also called "tunneling" because SSH provides a secure channel for other TCP connections to transmit. For example, TCP applications such as Telnet, SMTP, and LDAP can all benefit from it, avoiding the clear text transmission of user names, passwords, and private information. At the same time, if the firewall in the working environment restricts the use of some network ports, but allows SSH connections, you can also use SSH for communication by forwarding the TCP port.
Server linux: Configuration of SSHD remote port forwarding
The configuration items required in the SSHD configuration file /etc/ssh/sshd_config (the former must have, the latter is recommended, otherwise the external IP address cannot be accessed)
AllowTcpForwarding yes
GatewayPorts yesMobaXterm provides SSH Tunnel
2. Terminal software
- PuTTY : Remote terminal connection software based on SSH, Telnet, Rlogin and serial port connection, supports Windows and Unix/Linux systems, easy to operate, no installation required, supports encrypted transmission, X11 forwarding, port forwarding, etc.
- XShell : SSH client software under Windows platform
- MobaXterm : Free SSH terminal client and X server, it supports Windows and Unix/Linux systems