introduce:
NFS (Network File System) is a protocol for sharing file systems on a network. It allows you to share files and directories between different computers, providing a convenient file sharing and access mechanism. This article will guide you on how to install and configure NFS on Ubuntu 20.04.
Step 1: Install the NFS server component To use NFS on Ubuntu 20.04, you first need to install the NFS server component. Open a terminal and run the following command:
sudo apt update sudo apt install nfs-kernel-server
This will update the package list and install the NFS server components.
Step 2: Create a shared directory Next, you need to choose a directory to share. In this example, we will create a directory called "shared" as a shared directory. Open a terminal and run the following command:
sudo mkdir /shared sudo chmod -R 777 /shared
This will create a directory called "shared" and set its permissions to allow access for all users.
Step 3: Configure the NFS Share Now, you need to edit the configuration file of the NFS server to specify the shared directory. Open the file with your favorite text editor /etc/exports:
sudo vim /etc/exports
Add the following lines at the end of the file:
/shared *(rw,sync,no_subtree_check)
This will allow any host to access the shared directory in read-only mode.
Step 4: Reload the NFS configuration After completing the configuration changes, the NFS server needs to be reloaded for the changes to take effect. Run the following command:
sudo exportfs -a sudo systemctl restart nfs-kernel-server
This will reload the NFS configuration and restart the NFS server.
Step 5: Configure the NFS client To access NFS shares, you need to install the NFS client component on the client. Open a terminal on another Ubuntu 20.04 machine and run the following command:
sudo apt update sudo apt install nfs-common
This will install the NFS client components.
Step 6: Mount the NFS share On the client, you need to mount the NFS share to a local directory. First, create a directory for mounting. Open a terminal and run the following command:
sudo mkdir /mnt/shared
Then, mount the NFS share to that directory with the following command:
sudo mount server_ip:/shared /mnt/shared
Make sure to replace "server_ip" with the IP address of your NFS server. This will mount the NFS share to /mnt/sharedthe directory.