Generally speaking, this is the first year of the competition's environmental questions. In the past, there were not so many environmental questions, and most of the questions were quite open questions. Mr. C's difficulty: D>C>A=E>B=F, openness: D=F>A=B=E>C.
Question A: The Plant Community Suffered from Drought
This time A is an environmental topic, which mainly solves various problems in plant communities arising from this localized biodiversity, such as how the minimum number of species changes with the increase of species. This question is a typical optimization problem. It is necessary to establish a suitable mathematical model to connect several variables, and these variables may need to construct a mathematical model from some known information.
This question can use genetic algorithms, some traditional optimization algorithms and machine learning algorithms to quantify the relationship between variables. In some places that need to be elaborated, it is necessary to consult a large number of foreign literature and domestic related environmental literature. The difficulty lies in the way to obtain data, and the collection of data sets will be a major difficulty, which directly affects the quality of modeling. Mr. C recommends recommending mathematics, statistics and other related majors. Moderate difficulty, high degree of openness.
Question B: Reimagining the Masai Mara
This question also belongs to the environmental protection category in a broad sense. It mainly solves the alternative methods of Masai Mara (a wildlife sanctuary in Kenya) to manage resources inside and outside the existing boundaries of the park. This question is mainly policy-oriented. The question is very open and somewhat Bilingual modeling.
The focus of this question is on the acquisition of data sets and policy rhetoric (testing the skills of the team's thesis writers), and it is necessary to consult a large number of relevant domestic and foreign literature. Mr. C thinks that this question can be written by all majors, the difficulty is relatively easy, and the degree of openness is relatively high.
Question C Predicts the Results of "Anagrams"
Word Puzzles is currently a top puzzle of the day offered by The New York Times. To put it simply, this question is a search question. Relevant knowledge of NLP (Natural Language Processing) is required. If you do not understand the relevant content, you may not be able to model. In the process of finding the correct word, you can try to use algorithms such as dynamic programming.
In addition, this question is not a simple NLP question, which adds many search restrictions, which requires a certain level of coders in the team to add these restrictions in the code (but the DS digital model team will also update the code, Don't worry). Mr. C recommends mathematics, computer and other related majors, which are more difficult and have a medium degree of openness.
Question D Prioritizes UN Sustainable Development Goals
The United Nations has set 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Achieving these goals will ultimately improve the lives of many people around the world. This topic requires the creation of a network of relationships between the 17 sustainable development goals. It is recommended to use graph theory algorithms or knowledge map related algorithms.
This question seems simple, but in fact it hides a mystery. It needs to master 17 different goals and related variable data in detail, that is, it is actually necessary to establish 17 independent models, and then find the relationship between the models. See the model Relationships can use algorithms such as correlation analysis. The required knowledge reserve and the ability to collect data are high. Mr. C recommends mathematics, computer and other related majors, which are more difficult and more open.
Question E Light Pollution
It is very strange that there are many environmental problems in this competition, and this problem is not surprising. Light pollution is used to describe excessive or inappropriate use of artificial light. This question mainly solves the impact of light pollution depending on factors such as local development level, population, biodiversity, geography and climate, so as to establish a suitable mathematical model to quantitatively analyze the variables involved in the question.
Furthermore, assessments of the magnitude and potential impact of any intervention strategy must be site-specific. As a result, the data to be collected should include data from different regions, and different modeling and analysis should be carried out in a targeted manner. Mr. C recommends mathematics, computer and other related majors, with moderate difficulty and high openness.
Question F Green GDP
Gross domestic product (GDP) is arguably one of the most widely known and commonly used indicators of a country's economic health. The meaning of this question is not to start from the existing GDP, but to consider the future potential of this region or country (considering whether the over-exploitation of natural resources leads to a higher current GDP), that is, to establish a complete GDP calculation model.
This topic is also an environmental topic, mainly through the collection of data sets, so as to develop and establish a new set of GDP calculation models related to the environment. Mr. C thinks that this question can be written by all majors, the difficulty is relatively easy, and the degree of openness is relatively high.
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