51 single-chip computer to control the stepping motor

First open the proteus software, import components and connect them.

Then look at the stepper motor:

Features of stepper motors:

Driver chip for stepper motor:

The functions of each pin of the l298 stepper motor driver chip:

Logic function table of L298

The working principle of four-phase stepper motor:

Next is the method of importing stepper motors in proteus:

The method of importing the L298 chip in proteus:

The next step is to write C code.
First write a program that uses an imprecise delay function to control the speed

#include"reg52.h"
#define uchar unsigned char
// 使用8步法对步进电机进行控制的数组
uchar st[]={0x09, 0x08, 0x0c, 0x04, 0x06, 0x02, 0x03, 0x01}; //1001, 1000, 1100, 0100, 0110, 0010, 0011, 0001
#define uint unsigned int

void delay(uint t){         // 模糊延时（不精确的延时）
	uint i=0, j=0;
	for(i=0; i<t; i++){
		for(j=0; j<120; j++);
	}
}

void stepper(){            // 电机控制函数
	int i=0;
	for(i=0; i<8; i++){   //  从左往右取值是正转
	for(i=7; i>0; i--){     // 从右往左取值是反转
		P2 = st[i];
		delay(v);         // 延时越短  电机转动的速度越快
	}
}



void main(){                   // 主函数
	inittimer();
	while(1){
		stepper();      //  调用电机控制函数
	}
}

The next thing to write is the code that uses the timer to write precise timing to control the speed:

#include"reg52.h"
#define uchar unsigned char
// 使用8步法对步进电机进行控制的数组
uchar st[]={0x09, 0x08, 0x0c, 0x04, 0x06, 0x02, 0x03, 0x01}; //1001, 1000, 1100,0100, // 0110, 0010, 0011, 0001
#define uint unsigned int
uchar count=0, num=0;    // 定义中断中使用的变量

void inittimer(){               // 计时器初始化函数
	TMOD = 0x01;
	TH0 = (65536-50000)/256;
	TL0 = (65536-50000)%256;
	ET0 = 1;
	EA = 1;
	TR0 =1;
}

void main(){                   // 主函数
	inittimer();
	while(1){
		//stepper();
	}
}
//***********************************************************************************
//   中断服务函数每隔50毫秒进来1次
//        赋初值就是确定下一次计时多长时间。
///**********************************************************************************
void zhongduan() interrupt 1{              // 中断服务函数  每隔50毫秒进来一次
	TH0 =  0x3C ; //(65536-50000)/256;  // 3C   高8位赋初值
	TL0 = 0xB0 ;//(65536-50000)%256;  // B0     低8位赋初值
	count++;                                  // 每隔50毫秒 count自加1
	if(count==20){                            // 如果count等于20了，证明加了20次了，也就是1秒钟了
		P2 = st[num++];                             // P2等于数组st的第num个值（从第0个到第8个）   
		if(num==8){                                 // 如果num等于8了，就是st的值从头取到尾了。 
			num=0;                                       // 就将num置0，从头取
		}
		count = 0;                                  // 将count置0，从头计算
	}
}

The above two pieces of code have been tested and can be directly copied and compiled into a hex file, and finally imported into proteus for simulation.

51 single-chip computer to control the stepping motor

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