CentOS-7 detailed basic teaching

Table of contents

Install CentOS 7:

Download the CentOS 7 installation image file (ISO).
/ Create bootable installation media, such as burning to disc or making a bootable USB drive.
Insert the installation media into your computer and boot.
During startup, select the appropriate language and keyboard layout.
After accepting the license agreement, choose an installation type (such as server, desktop, or custom) and partition settings.
Set the hostname, time zone, admin password, etc.
Complete the installation and restart your computer.

Log in to CentOS 7.
Confirm the network connection and configure the network settings, you can use nmtui or edit the network configuration file /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-<interface> .
Update system packages: run sudo yum update command.
Configure firewall: Use the firewall-cmd command to manage firewall rules.
Setting up SELinux: SELinux can be configured using the semanage command or by editing the /etc/selinux/config file.

Install packages: Install packages using the yum install command, for example sudo yum install package_name .
Upgrade packages: Run the sudo yum update command to upgrade installed packages.
Uninstall a package: Use the yum remove command to uninstall a package, for example sudo yum remove package_name .
Search for packages: Use the yum search command to search for packages, for example sudo yum search keyword .

Create a user: Use the useradd command to create a user, such as sudo useradd username .
Set user password: Run the sudo passwd username command to set a password for the user.
Grant administrator privileges: Add the user to the sudoers file, which can be edited with the visudo command.
File and directory permissions: Use the chmod command to change the permissions of files and directories, such as chmod 755 filename .
Owner and Group: Use the chown and chgrp commands to change the owner and group of files and directories.

System services: Use systemctl commands to manage system services, such as sudo systemctl start service_name .
Log files: View system log files such as /var/log/messages , /var/log/syslog , and /var/log/secure .
Process management: Use the ps command to view running processes, and use the kill command to terminate the process, such as kill PID (PID is the identifier of the process).
System monitoring: Use tools such as top , htop , nmon or sar to monitor system resource usage.
Time and Date: Use the date command to view and set the system time and date.
Timing tasks: Use the crontab command to create and manage timing tasks, such as crontab -e to edit user timing tasks.

Directory navigation: use the cd command to enter the directory, and use the ls command to list files and directories.
Create and delete files and directories: use the touch command to create files, use the mkdir command to create directories, and use the rm command to delete files and directories.
Copy and move files: Use the cp command to copy files and the mv command to move files.
File Finding: Use the find command to find files by criteria, such as find /path -name filename .
File permissions and attributes: Use the ls -l command to view file permissions and attributes, and use the chmod command to change file permissions.