As a programmer, you will be anxious about your future career development. On the one hand, because IT is a knowledge-intensive industry, the knowledge system is complex and the knowledge update speed is very fast. "If you don't learn for a day, you will fall behind."
On the other hand, IT is a labor-intensive industry, not only has a large number of employees, but also individuals have a lot of repetitive work (such as CRUD) in the usual development process, and their abilities do not increase with age.
In this case, the curse of "unemployed at the age of 35" will be fulfilled
So as a test engineer, how to plan your career? Generally speaking, the technical career of a test engineer will be divided into three stages: junior test engineer, intermediate test engineer, and senior test engineer . This is also our growth path.
The following are the main characteristics and responsibilities of each level:
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Junior Test Engineer
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Junior test engineers are usually entry-level and need to be familiar with the basics of testing, such as software testing principles, testing methods, and testing theories. They also need to master some basic techniques, such as manual testing, test case writing, defect management, etc. Junior test engineers usually need more guidance and training, and need to continuously improve their abilities through practice.
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Intermediate Test Engineer
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Intermediate test engineers need to master more in-depth and complex testing techniques, such as automated testing, performance testing, and security testing, on the basis of basic knowledge and skills. At the same time, you need to have certain project management and communication and coordination skills, and be able to work closely with the development team and product team to jointly promote the project. Intermediate test engineers usually serve as test leaders or test team leaders for some small projects.
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Senior Test Engineer
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Senior test engineers are technical experts in the test team and need to have in-depth technical knowledge and experience. They typically design the test architecture, develop a test strategy and guide the team in testing. At the same time, it needs to have certain management capabilities, including personnel management and resource allocation. Senior test engineers usually participate in the test planning and management of large-scale projects, and improve and optimize the test process.
Corresponding learning route
I roughly divide it into 3 gears according to the salary:
- Monthly salary 5-9k: From zero-based entry to being able to find a job
- Monthly salary 15-25k: test on-the-job to get performance testing and automated testing
- Annual salary of 30W+: Get the test development done, and enter the first-line big factory
The first stage: a monthly salary of 5-9k, just entering the industry, first learn functional testing!
Maybe you are a fresh graduate, or maybe you are planning to switch to the software testing industry, so first of all you must master the following basic theories :
Definition, life cycle, workflow, and requirements analysis of software testing;
design, writing, and review of test cases;
basic knowledge of bugs and the use of Zen Tao;
writing of test plans and test reports;
use of SVN and Git version control tools;
Once you have completed the above basic necessary content, you already know that you can do specific actual combat content. At this time, it is best to find a web test project to do it first. If you get a project, run it according to the following set of procedures :
Publish the project for project approval, establish a project team for division of labor;
demand review, learn how to read demand documents, conduct demand analysis, and list test points;
sort out test points, write test cases, and then conduct use case review; execute
tests, such as functions, interfaces, front-end Background, compatibility, database, submit the found bugs to Zen Tao;
analyze, summarize, and write test reports;
After running this process completely, I can only say that I have mastered the overall testing process, but it is still not enough to find a suitable job. If you want to learn to do functional testing, you must also master the following:
Linux, database, interface testing, APP testing, etc.
OK, that's done, congratulations, you can send out your resume to find a testing job!
Well, it’s probably the above content. All of the above are theoretical and document skills. As long as you are willing to memorize and write, you can master them independently.
After knowing the above content, it can only be said that you can get a job, but now the industry has higher requirements for recruiting people. Only after automation or performance testing can you get a monthly salary of more than 10k.
The second stage: a monthly salary of 15-25k, get the performance and automated testing done, and be on your own!
Let’s talk about performance testing first. There are many misunderstandings and pain points in the industry:
- It is only measured but not adjusted, and it is impossible to give implementation suggestions for R&D and operation and maintenance personnel
- Unable to locate the problem, lack of clear logic and data to prove the value
- Performance testing tools ≠ performance testing
- The performance testing technology system is backward (loadrunner), and there is an urgent need to embrace open source software
If you want to solve these problems, then you have to learn performance testing like this:
The concept and process of performance testing: analysis of common problems, popular tools, and program design
Performance testing tools: the use and actual combat of jmeter tools; jmeter multi-protocol, expansion and customization; distributed pressure testing and task scheduling;
performance monitoring: performance monitoring system and Monitoring data collection
Performance implementation : Distributed service pressure testing, scenario design, scenario execution; correlation analysis of test results, TPS, response time, thread correlation analysis, pressure and resource usage correlation analysis
Performance ; Performance Bottleneck Analysis
If you can reach this level in performance testing, 15k is appropriate. If you can master the learning content of the automated testing below, you can directly hit a monthly salary of 25k!
If you want to master the Python or Java language, it is recommended to start with Python first, and learn the basic syntax of Python first.
Web-side automated testing: selenium installation, recording, processing; web controls, JavaScript scripts, PO mode;
mobile APP automated testing: appium usage, recording, element positioning methods; APP control positioning, interaction, parameterized use cases; appium problem positioning analysis , source code analysis, secondary packaging;
server-side interface automation testing: interface automation testing framework request; interface request construction, assertion; json/xml request, response assertion; headcookie processing, authentication system;
The third stage: a monthly salary of 30k+, benchmarking against major manufacturers, impacting testing and development positions!
Proficient in performance and automation, the monthly salary is 10k+ or even 20k+ is very easy, so how to hit 30k+, this requires the development of technical experts or management, but even for management, it is necessary to require a strong enough technical level? Do you say that management does not require technical proficiency? Do you try to see if the people below will turn against you?
On the route of test development, more specialization and comprehensiveness are required:
Improve the testing technology system: Linux, docker, shell, SQL, Python/java
lay a solid foundation for automated testing technology:
web automated testing: selenium testing framework; PageObject design patterns, principles, drills;
APP automated testing: Android automated testing framework; appium advanced Applied in principle analysis; APP automated test combat; test framework package transformation; ios automated test;
mobile special test: robustness test, weak network test, crash detection, power consumption analysis, etc.; mobile terminal performance test; mobile terminal security test;
Interface automation testing: interface protocol and packet capture, proxy technology and mock; interface automation testing framework, HTTPrunner testing framework; dubbo interface automation testing; interface management tool swagger, interface security testing docker
container technology: docker container, docker image;
continuous integration/ Continuous delivery/devops: jenkins continuous integration; Jenkins continuous delivery;
Here, I would like to give some advice to friends who want to advance: many times, many things are not as simple as you imagined. Don't think that it is simple and unwilling to do it. Many things can only be done by yourself. Only then will you realize that things are not as simple as you first thought.
In fact, there are only so many knowledge points in automated testing, and there are still so many things to ask in the interview. So there are no other tricks in the interview, it just depends on how much you know about these knowledge points. So, when you go out for an interview, just check which stage you have reviewed.
END meager strength
Finally, I would like to thank everyone who has read my article carefully. Seeing the fans’ growth and attention all the way, there is always a need for reciprocity. Although it is not a very valuable thing, you can take it away if you need it:
These materials should be the most comprehensive and complete preparation warehouse for [software testing] friends. This warehouse has also accompanied tens of thousands of test engineers through the most difficult journey. I hope it can help you too!
Software testing interview applet
The software test question bank maxed out by millions of people! ! ! Who is who knows! ! ! The most comprehensive quiz mini program on the whole network, you can use your mobile phone to do the quizzes, on the subway or on the bus, roll it up!
The following interview question sections are covered:
1. Basic theory of software testing, 2. web, app, interface function testing, 3. network, 4. database, 5. linux
6. web, app, interface automation, 7. performance testing, 8. programming basics, 9. hr interview questions, 10. open test questions, 11. security testing, 12. computer basics
method of obtaining:
