Foreword:
Welcome everyone to learn the development of embedded systems together. We will continue to update the zero-based learning embedded system development (from zero-based to RTOS) in this column, and lead everyone to learn together.
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An embedded system is a dedicated computer system that is embedded in another device or system to provide functionality and performance for a specific application.
Embedded systems are characterized by:
Specificity:
Embedded systems are only responsible for one or several specific tasks, unlike general-purpose computers that can run multiple applications.
real-time:
Embedded systems usually require the task to be completed within a specified time, otherwise it may cause serious consequences.
Tailorability:
The hardware and software of embedded systems can be customized and optimized according to application requirements to improve efficiency and reduce costs.
Small size, low power consumption, high reliability:
These are important considerations in embedded system design because they directly affect a product's performance, lifetime, and market competitiveness.
Embedded systems can be classified according to different criteria , such as processor type, operating system type, application field, and so on. Common classification methods are:
According to the processor type, it is divided into : microcontroller (MCU) type, digital signal processor (DSP) type, general microprocessor (GPP) type, etc.
According to the type of operating system, it is divided into: no operating system type, real-time operating system (RTOS) type, general-purpose operating system (GPOS) type, etc.
According to the application field, it is divided into: consumer electronics, industrial control, automotive electronics, medical equipment, etc.
Development History:
The history of embedded systems can be traced back to the 1960s, when the first small microprocessor-based computers appeared. With the advancement of technology and market demand, embedded systems have gradually developed from single-chip microcomputers to multi-core processors, from no operating system to multiple operating systems, and are widely used in various industries and fields. At present, embedded systems have become an indispensable part of an intelligent society.