1 Introduction
Proteus is a famous EDA tool (simulation software) in the UK. From schematic layout, code debugging to co-simulation of MCU and peripheral circuits, one-click switching to PCB design, it truly realizes the complete design from concept to product. It is the only design platform in the world that integrates circuit simulation software, PCB design software and virtual model simulation software. Its processor model supports 8051, HC11, PIC10/12/16/18/24/30/DSPIC33, AVR, ARM , 8086 and MSP430, etc. In 2010, Cortex and DSP series processors were added, and other series of processor models continued to be added. In terms of compilation, it also supports various compilers such as IAR, Keil and MATLAB. The previous article introduced Proteus download, installation, project establishment, and completion of LED lamp simulation operation. This article adds serial port printing and DHT11 temperature and humidity detection on this basis.
2. Design procedure
First use the keil software to design the program, then generate the HEX file, wait for the schematic diagram to be designed and then carry out the simulation test.
Note: The chip currently used is STM32F103. Proteus version is 8.9
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "led.h"
#include "delay.h"
#include "key.h"
#include "dht11.h"
/*
（3）温湿度传感器: DHT11
VCC--VCC
GND---GND
DAT---PA5
*/
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include "sys.h"
#include <string.h>
#define USART1_RX_LENGTH 1024
extern u8 USART1_RX_BUFFER[USART1_RX_LENGTH]; //保存接收数据的缓冲区
extern u32 USART1_RX_CNT; //当前接收到的数据长度
extern u8 USART1_RX_FLAG; //1表示数据接收完毕 0表示没有接收完毕
#define USART2_RX_LENGTH 1024
extern u8 USART2_RX_BUFFER[USART2_RX_LENGTH]; //保存接收数据的缓冲区
extern u32 USART2_RX_CNT; //当前接收到的数据长度
extern u8 USART2_RX_FLAG; //1表示数据接收完毕 0表示没有接收完毕
#define USART3_RX_LENGTH 1024
extern u8 USART3_RX_BUFFER[USART3_RX_LENGTH]; //保存接收数据的缓冲区
extern u32 USART3_RX_CNT; //当前接收到的数据长度
extern u8 USART3_RX_FLAG; //1表示数据接收完毕 0表示没有接收完毕
void USART1_Init(u32 baud);
void USART2_Init(u32 baud);
void USART3_Init(u32 baud);
void USARTx_StringSend(USART_TypeDef *USARTx,char *str);
void USARTx_DataSend(USART_TypeDef *USARTx,u8 *data,u32 len);
//定义按键IO口
#define KEY_S3 PAin(1)
//函数声明
void KEY_Init(void);
u8 KEY_Scan(u8 mode);
//LED定义
#define LED1 PBout(6)
#define LED2 PBout(7)
#define LED3 PBout(8)
#define LED4 PBout(9)
//蜂鸣器IO口定义
#define BEEP PAout(6)
//函数声明
void LED_Init(void);
void BEEP_Init(void);
//IO方向设置
#define DHT11_IO_IN() {GPIOA->CRL&=0XFF0FFFFF;GPIOA->CRL|=0x00800000;}
#define DHT11_IO_OUT() {GPIOA->CRL&=0XFF0FFFFF;GPIOA->CRL|=0x00300000;}
////IO操作函数
#define DHT11_DQ_OUT PAout(5) //数据端口 PA5
#define DHT11_DQ_IN PAin(5) //数据端口 PA5
u8 DHT11_Init(void); //初始化DHT11
u8 DHT11_Read_Data(u8 *temp,u8 *humi);//读取温湿度
u8 DHT11_Read_Byte(void); //读出一个字节
u8 DHT11_Read_Bit(void); //读出一个位
u8 DHT11_Check(void); //检测是否存在DHT11
void DHT11_Rst(void); //复位DHT11
//复位DHT11
void DHT11_Rst(void)
{
DHT11_IO_OUT(); //SET OUTPUT
DHT11_DQ_OUT=0; //拉低DQ
DelayMs(20); //拉低至少18ms
DHT11_DQ_OUT=1; //DQ=1
DelayUs(30); //主机拉高20~40us
}
//等待DHT11的回应
//返回1:未检测到DHT11的存在
//返回0:存在
u8 DHT11_Check(void)
{
u8 retry=0;
DHT11_IO_IN();//SET INPUT
while (DHT11_DQ_IN&&retry<100)//DHT11会拉低40~80us
{
retry++;
DelayUs(1);
};
if(retry>=100)return 1;
else retry=0;
while (!DHT11_DQ_IN&&retry<100)//DHT11拉低后会再次拉高40~80us
{
retry++;
DelayUs(1);
};
if(retry>=100)return 1;
return 0;
}
//从DHT11读取一个位
//返回值：1/0
u8 DHT11_Read_Bit(void)
{
u8 retry=0;
while(DHT11_DQ_IN&&retry<100)//等待变为低电平
{
retry++;
DelayUs(1);
}
retry=0;
while(!DHT11_DQ_IN&&retry<100)//等待变高电平
{
retry++;
DelayUs(1);
}
DelayUs(40);//等待40us
if(DHT11_DQ_IN)return 1;
else return 0;
}
//从DHT11读取一个字节
//返回值：读到的数据
u8 DHT11_Read_Byte(void)
{
u8 i,dat;
dat=0;
for (i=0;i<8;i++)
{
dat<<=1;
dat|=DHT11_Read_Bit();
}
return dat;
}
//从DHT11读取一次数据
//temp:温度值(范围:0~50°)
//humi:湿度值(范围:20%~90%)
//返回值：0,正常;1,读取失败
u8 DHT11_Read_Data(u8 *temp,u8 *humi)
{
u8 buf[5];
u8 i;
DHT11_Rst();
//printf("------------------------\r\n");
if(DHT11_Check()==0)
{
for(i=0;i<5;i++)//读取40位数据
{
buf[i]=DHT11_Read_Byte();
}
if((buf[0]+buf[1]+buf[2]+buf[3])==buf[4])
{
*humi=buf[0];
*temp=buf[2];
}
}else return 1;
return 0;
}
//初始化DHT11的IO口 DQ 同时检测DHT11的存在
//返回1:不存在
//返回0:存在
u8 DHT11_Init(void)
{
RCC->APB2ENR|=1<<2; //使能PORTA口时钟
GPIOA->CRL&=0XFF0FFFFF;//PORTA.5 推挽输出
GPIOA->CRL|=0X00300000;
GPIOA->ODR|=1<<5; //输出1
DHT11_Rst();
return DHT11_Check();
}
/*
函数功能:按键初始化
硬件连接:PA1
特性: 按下为低电平---没按下高电平
*/
void KEY_Init(void)
{
//开时钟
RCC->APB2ENR|=1<<2;
//配置模式
GPIOA->CRL&=0xFFFFFF0F;
GPIOA->CRL|=0x00000080;
//上拉
GPIOA->ODR|=1<<1;
}
/*
函数功能:函数扫描函数
函数参数: mode=1表示使用连续模式 mode=0使用单击模式
返回值: 2 3 4 5 表示具体的按钮 0表示没有按下
*/
u8 KEY_Scan(u8 mode)
{
static u8 flag=1; //记录上一次按下的状态
if(mode)flag=1;
if(flag&&(KEY_S3==0))
{
flag=0;
delay_ms(20);
if(KEY_S3==0)return 3;
}
else if(KEY_S3)
{
flag=1;
}
return 0;
}
/*
函数功能: LED初始化
硬件连接: PB6 PB7 PB8 PB9
特性: 低电平点亮
*/
void LED_Init(void)
{
//开时钟
RCC->APB2ENR|=1<<3;
//配置GPIO口
GPIOB->CRL&=0x00FFFFFF;
GPIOB->CRL|=0x22000000;
GPIOB->CRH&=0xFFFFFF00;
GPIOB->CRH|=0x00000022;
//上拉
GPIOB->ODR|=1<<6;
GPIOB->ODR|=1<<7;
GPIOB->ODR|=1<<8;
GPIOB->ODR|=1<<9;
}
/*
函数功能: 蜂鸣器初始化
硬件连接: PA6
特性: 高电平响
*/
void BEEP_Init(void)
{
RCC->APB2ENR|=1<<2;
GPIOA->CRL&=0xF0FFFFFF;
GPIOA->CRL|=0x02000000;
}
/*
函数功能: 串口1的初始化
硬件连接: PA9(TX) 和 PA10(RX)
*/
void USART1_Init(u32 baud)
{
/*1. 开时钟*/
RCC->APB2ENR|=1<<14; //USART1时钟
RCC->APB2ENR|=1<<2; //PA
RCC->APB2RSTR|=1<<14; //开启复位时钟
RCC->APB2RSTR&=~(1<<14);//停止复位
/*2. 配置GPIO口的模式*/
GPIOA->CRH&=0xFFFFF00F;
GPIOA->CRH|=0x000008B0;
/*3. 配置波特率*/
USART1->BRR=72000000/baud;
/*4. 配置核心寄存器*/
USART1->CR1|=1<<5; //开启接收中断
STM32_SetPriority(USART1_IRQn,1,1); //设置中断优先级
USART1->CR1|=1<<2; //开启接收
USART1->CR1|=1<<3; //开启发送
USART1->CR1|=1<<13;//开启串口功能
}
/*
函数功能: 串口2的初始化
硬件连接: PA2(TX) 和 PA3(RX)
*/
void USART2_Init(u32 baud)
{
/*1. 开时钟*/
RCC->APB1ENR|=1<<17; //USART2时钟
RCC->APB2ENR|=1<<2; //PA
RCC->APB1RSTR|=1<<17; //开启复位时钟
RCC->APB1RSTR&=~(1<<17);//停止复位
/*2. 配置GPIO口的模式*/
GPIOA->CRL&=0xFFFF00FF;
GPIOA->CRL|=0x00008B00;
/*3. 配置波特率*/
USART2->BRR=36000000/baud;
/*4. 配置核心寄存器*/
USART2->CR1|=1<<5; //开启接收中断
STM32_SetPriority(USART2_IRQn,1,1); //设置中断优先级
USART2->CR1|=1<<2; //开启接收
USART2->CR1|=1<<3; //开启发送
USART2->CR1|=1<<13;//开启串口功能
}
/*
函数功能: 串口3的初始化
硬件连接: PB10(TX) 和 PB11(RX)
*/
void USART3_Init(u32 baud)
{
/*1. 开时钟*/
RCC->APB1ENR|=1<<18; //USART3时钟
RCC->APB2ENR|=1<<3; //PB
RCC->APB1RSTR|=1<<18; //开启复位时钟
RCC->APB1RSTR&=~(1<<18);//停止复位
/*2. 配置GPIO口的模式*/
GPIOB->CRH&=0xFFFF00FF;
GPIOB->CRH|=0x00008B00;
/*3. 配置波特率*/
USART3->BRR=36000000/baud;
/*4. 配置核心寄存器*/
USART3->CR1|=1<<5; //开启接收中断
STM32_SetPriority(USART3_IRQn,1,1); //设置中断优先级
USART3->CR1|=1<<2; //开启接收
USART3->CR1|=1<<3; //开启发送
USART3->CR1|=1<<13;//开启串口功能
}
u8 USART1_RX_BUFFER[USART1_RX_LENGTH]; //保存接收数据的缓冲区
u32 USART1_RX_CNT=0; //当前接收到的数据长度
u8 USART1_RX_FLAG=0; //1表示数据接收完毕 0表示没有接收完毕
//串口1的中断服务函数
void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
u8 data;
//接收中断
if(USART1->SR&1<<5)
{
TIM1->CNT=0; //清除计数器
TIM1->CR1|=1<<0; //开启定时器1
data=USART1->DR; //读取串口数据
// if(USART1_RX_FLAG==0) //判断上一次的数据是否已经处理完毕
{
//判断是否可以继续接收
if(USART1_RX_CNT<USART1_RX_LENGTH)
{
USART1_RX_BUFFER[USART1_RX_CNT++]=data;
}
else //不能接收，超出存储范围，强制表示接收完毕
{
USART1_RX_FLAG=1;
}
}
}
}
u8 USART2_RX_BUFFER[USART2_RX_LENGTH]; //保存接收数据的缓冲区
u32 USART2_RX_CNT=0; //当前接收到的数据长度
u8 USART2_RX_FLAG=0; //1表示数据接收完毕 0表示没有接收完毕
//串口2的中断服务函数
void USART2_IRQHandler(void)
{
u8 data;
//接收中断
if(USART2->SR&1<<5)
{
TIM2->CNT=0; //清除计数器
TIM2->CR1|=1<<0; //开启定时器2
data=USART2->DR; //读取串口数据
// if(USART2_RX_FLAG==0) //判断上一次的数据是否已经处理完毕
{
//判断是否可以继续接收
if(USART2_RX_CNT<USART2_RX_LENGTH)
{
USART2_RX_BUFFER[USART2_RX_CNT++]=data;
}
else //不能接收，超出存储范围，强制表示接收完毕
{
USART2_RX_FLAG=1;
}
}
}
}
u8 USART3_RX_BUFFER[USART3_RX_LENGTH]; //保存接收数据的缓冲区
u32 USART3_RX_CNT=0; //当前接收到的数据长度
u8 USART3_RX_FLAG=0; //1表示数据接收完毕 0表示没有接收完毕
//串口3的中断服务函数
void USART3_IRQHandler(void)
{
u8 data;
//接收中断
if(USART3->SR&1<<5)
{
TIM3->CNT=0; //清除计数器
TIM3->CR1|=1<<0; //开启定时器3
data=USART3->DR; //读取串口数据
// if(USART3_RX_FLAG==0) //判断上一次的数据是否已经处理完毕
{
//判断是否可以继续接收
if(USART3_RX_CNT<USART3_RX_LENGTH)
{
USART3_RX_BUFFER[USART3_RX_CNT++]=data;
}
else //不能接收，超出存储范围，强制表示接收完毕
{
USART3_RX_FLAG=1;
}
}
}
}
/*
函数功能: 字符串发送
*/
void USARTx_StringSend(USART_TypeDef *USARTx,char *str)
{
while(*str!='\0')
{
USARTx->DR=*str++;
while(!(USARTx->SR&1<<7)){}
}
}
/*
函数功能: 数据发送
*/
void USARTx_DataSend(USART_TypeDef *USARTx,u8 *data,u32 len)
{
u32 i;
for(i=0;i<len;i++)
{
USARTx->DR=*data++;
while(!(USARTx->SR&1<<7)){}
}
}
//printf函数底层函数接口
int fputc(int c, FILE* stream)
{
USART1->DR=c;
while(!(USART1->SR&1<<7)){}
return c;
}
u8 dht11_temp;
u8 dht11_humidity;
int main()
{
u8 key_val;
u32 time=0;
LED_Init();
BEEP_Init();
KEY_Init();
USART1_Init(115200); //串口1初始化-打印调试信息
//初始化DHT11
DHT11_Init();
while(1)
{
key_val=KEY_Scan(0); //PA1
if(key_val)
{
BEEP=!BEEP;
LED1=!LED1; //PB6
}
delay_ms(5);
time++;
if(time>=10)
{
time=0;
LED2=!LED2; //PB7
//读取温湿度
if(DHT11_Read_Data(&dht11_temp,&dht11_humidity))
{
printf("温度读取失败.\r\n");
}
printf("T:%d,H:%d\r\n",dht11_temp,dht11_humidity);
//湿度大于80以上就关闭插座
if(dht11_humidity>80)
{
LED1=1;
}
}
}
}
复制代码3. Design the circuit diagram
3.1 Add DHT11 device
Open Proteus and search for DHT11 components.
Select a blank area with the mouse, click the right mouse button, and place the power supply and GND.
The designed effect is as follows:
3.2 Add a virtual serial port terminal
In order to view the serial port output of the program conveniently, add a serial port terminal display box.
In the virtual instrument mode, select virtual terminalthe tool, and then click on the blank area of the schematic diagram to place virtual terminalthe tool.
When drawing the schematic diagram, it is often encountered that the wiring is complicated or the wiring is very messy. If the pins of the components are not convenient to be directly connected to the MCU microcontroller, you can use the form of labels or bus wiring. Here, the serial port terminal is used for demonstration, and the IO port is connected by labeling.
First select the terminal mode in the coordinate menu bar, then click the mouse DEFAULT, and then click the left mouse button on the blank area of the schematic diagram, a hollow connection line will appear, just connect this connection line to the IO port of the component.
After placing it, click the terminal with the mouse—the hollow circle, and a dialog box will pop up to set the connected IO port.
Then set the label name on the terminals PA9 and PA10 of the MCU.
Set the baud rate of the virtual serial display: 115200
If Virtual Terminal cannot automatically pop up a window when debugging the simulation, you can click Debug on the menu bar and choose to restore the pop-up window.
Set the crystal oscillator of the STM32 chip to: 71MHZ
3.3 Start the simulation
This article is participating in the "Golden Stone Project"