Study notes, transferred from: http://www.nginx.cn/
Architecture - nginx.cn
nginx basic configuration and parameter description
# run user
user nobody;
#Start the process, usually set to be equal to the number of CPUs
worker_processes 1;
#Global error log and PID file
#error_log logs/error.log;
#error_log logs/error.log notice;
#error_log logs/error.log info;
#pid logs/nginx.pid;
#Working mode and connection limit
events {
#epoll is a way of multiplexing IO (I/O Multiplexing),
#Only used for kernels above linux2.6, which can greatly improve the performance of nginx
use epoll;
#Maximum number of concurrent connections for a single background worker process process
worker_connections 1024;
# The total number of concurrency is the product of worker_processes and worker_connections
# 即 max_clients = worker_processes * worker_connections
# When a reverse proxy is set, max_clients = worker_processes * worker_connections / 4 why
# Why is the reverse proxy above divided by 4, it should be said to be an experience value
# According to the above conditions, the maximum number of connections that Nginx Server can handle under normal circumstances is: 4 * 8000 = 32000
# The setting of worker_connections value is related to the size of physical memory
# Because concurrency is IO bound, the value of max_clients must be less than the maximum number of files the system can open
# The maximum number of files that the system can open is proportional to the memory size. Generally, the number of files that can be opened on a machine with 1GB of memory is about 100,000.
# Let's take a look at the number of file handles that can be opened by a VPS with 360M memory:
# $ cat /proc/sys/fs/file-max
# output 34336
# 32000 < 34336, that is, the total number of concurrent connections is less than the total number of file handles that the system can open, so it is within the range that the operating system can bear
# Therefore, the value of worker_connections needs to be set appropriately according to the number of worker_processes processes and the maximum total number of files that the system can open
# Make the total number of concurrency less than the maximum number of files the operating system can open
# Its essence is to configure according to the physical CPU and memory of the host
# Of course, the theoretical total number of concurrency may deviate from the actual number, because the host has other worker processes that need to consume system resources.
# ulimit -SHn 65535
}
http {
#Set the mime type, the type is defined by the mime.type file
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
#Set the log format
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
access_log logs/access.log main;
The #sendfile directive specifies whether nginx calls the sendfile function (zero copy mode) to output the file,
#For normal applications, it must be set to on,
#If it is used for application disk IO heavy load applications such as downloading, it can be set to off,
#To balance the speed of disk and network I/O processing, reduce the uptime of the system.
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
#Connection timeout
#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65;
tcp_nodelay on;
#Enable gzip compression
gzip on;
gzip_disable "MSIE [1-6].";
#Set request buffer
client_header_buffer_size 128k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 128k;
#Set the virtual host configuration
server {
#Listen on port 80
listen 80;
#Define access using www.nginx.cn
server_name www.nginx.cn;
#Define the default website root directory location of the server
root html;
#Set the access log of this virtual host
access_log logs/nginx.access.log main;
#default request
location / {
#Define the name of the home page index file
index index.php index.html index.htm;
}
# Define the error message page
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
}
#Static files, nginx handles it by itself
location ~ ^/(images|javascript|js|css|flash|media|static)/ {
#Expire 30 days, static files are not updated very much, the expiration can be set larger,
#If it is updated frequently, it can be set smaller.
expires 30d;
}
#PHP script requests are all forwarded to FastCGI for processing. Use FastCGI default configuration.
location ~ .php$ {
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi_params;
}
#Disable access to .htxxx files
location ~ /.ht {
deny all;
}
}
}