The Linux directory is similar to a tree. The top level is the root directory. The root directory is the entry of the Linux file system. All directories, files, and devices are under the root directory. The root directory includes:
These directories are described in detail below:
(1) /bin : Stores the most commonly used and important commands of the system, which exist in the form of independent files. The files in this directory are executable and commands that ordinary users can use, such as: ls , cp , mkdir , etc. Order.
(2) /boot : The files required by the Linux kernel-level boot system program are stored in this directory
(3) /dev : Device file files are stored in this directory, this directory is all Linux external device files
(4) /etc : system management and configuration files, such as: user account and password configuration files, etc.
(5) /home : The home directory of ordinary users is stored in this directory by default
(6) /lib : Standard programming library or dynamic link shared library, almost all applications must use these shared libraries
(7) /lost+found : used to store some temporary files generated by abnormal shutdown or unexpected system crash
(8) /media : The mount point of the plug-and-play storage device is automatically created in this directory, such as: U disk
(9) /mnt : The mount directory used to store the mounted storage device, allowing users to temporarily mount other file systems
(10) /opt : This directory is an optional package installation directory, we can install some packages in this directory
(11) /proc : a virtual directory, which is a mapping of system memory. You can directly access this directory to obtain system information. Its content is not on the hard disk but in the memory
The following are some of the more important directories in the /proc directory:
A) /proc/cpuinfo: Information about the processor, such as type, manufacturer, model and performance, etc.
B) /proc/devices: a list of all devices configured by the currently running kernel
C) /proc/filesystems: The file system configured by the currently running kernel
D) /proc/dma: the DMA channel currently in use
E) /proc/interrupts: Interrupts in use and how many were there
F) /proc/ioports: I/O ports currently in use
(12) /root : The home directory of the Linux super-privileged user (system administrator)
(13) /sbin : super administrator command, which stores the management program used by the system administrator, ordinary users have no permission to execute the commands in this directory
(14) /selinux : used to strengthen the operating system to improve the security of the system
(15) /srv : Stores data related to server-specific services
(16) /sys : Store and manage device files and system information
(17) /tmp : public temporary file storage point
(18) /usr : is the largest directory, the applications and files to be used are basically in this directory
The following is an introduction to some important directories under /usr :
A) /usr/bin: The directory of executable programs, ordinary users have permission to execute them. When we install a program from the software that comes with the system, most of its executable files will be placed in this directory
B) /usr/sbin: The directory of executable programs, most of which store commands related to system management
C) /usr/local: This directory is generally used to store the storage directory of the user's self-compiled and installed software
D) /usr/lib: This directory is the storage directory of library files, used to store some commonly used shared libraries
E) /usr/share: This directory is used to store things shared by the system
F) /usr/src: This directory is where the kernel source code is stored
(19) /var : The content of this directory is often changed, such as: /var/log is used to store the system log directory, /var/lib is used to store some library files
The above is the introduction of some important directories of Linux. We will continue to introduce some important instructions, permission issues, etc. in the future. I hope you will pay more attention.