chown changes the owner of the specified file to the specified user or group, the user can be the user name or user ID; the group can be the group name or group ID; the file is a space-separated list of files whose permissions are to be changed, and wildcards are supported. System administrators often use the chown command to give a user permission to use a file after copying it to another user's directory.
1. Command format:
chown [options]... [owner][:[group]] file...
2. Command function:
Change the owner and group of the file by chown. Username and User ID settings can be used when changing a file's owner or group. Ordinary users cannot change their own files to other owners. Its operation authority is generally administrator.
3. Command parameters:
Required parameters:
-c display information about changed sections
-f ignore error messages
-h fix symlinks
-R Process all files in the specified directory and its subdirectories
-v display detailed processing information
-deference acts on the symlink pointing to, not the linked file itself
Select parameters:
--reference=<directory or file> Use the specified directory/file as a reference, and set the operated file/directory to the same owner and group of the referenced file/directory
--from=<current user: current group> Change only if the current user and group are the same as the specified user and group
--help display help information
--version display version information
4. Example of use:
Example 1: Change owner and group
Order:
chown mail:mail log2012.log
output:
[root@localhost test6]# ll ---xr--r-- 1 root users 302108 11-30 08:39 linklog.log ---xr--r-- 1 root users 302108 11-30 08:39 log2012.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 61 11-30 08:39 log2013.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2014.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2015.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2016.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2017.log [root@localhost test6]# chown mail:mail log2012.log [root@localhost test6]# ll ---xr--r-- 1 root users 302108 11-30 08:39 linklog.log ---xr--r-- 1 mail mail 302108 11-30 08:39 log2012.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 61 11-30 08:39 log2013.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2014.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2015.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2016.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2017.log [root@localhost test6]#
说明：
实例2：改变文件拥有者和群组
命令：
chown root: log2012.log
输出：
[root@localhost test6]# ll 总计 604 ---xr--r-- 1 root users 302108 11-30 08:39 linklog.log ---xr--r-- 1 mail mail 302108 11-30 08:39 log2012.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 61 11-30 08:39 log2013.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2014.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2015.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2016.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2017.log [root@localhost test6]# chown root: log2012.log [root@localhost test6]# ll 总计 604 ---xr--r-- 1 root users 302108 11-30 08:39 linklog.log ---xr--r-- 1 root root 302108 11-30 08:39 log2012.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 61 11-30 08:39 log2013.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2014.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2015.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2016.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2017.log [root@localhost test6]#
说明：
实例3：改变文件群组
命令：
chown :mail log2012.log
输出：
[root@localhost test6]# ll 总计 604 ---xr--r-- 1 root users 302108 11-30 08:39 linklog.log ---xr--r-- 1 root root 302108 11-30 08:39 log2012.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 61 11-30 08:39 log2013.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2014.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2015.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2016.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2017.log [root@localhost test6]# chown :mail log2012.log [root@localhost test6]# ll 总计 604 ---xr--r-- 1 root users 302108 11-30 08:39 linklog.log ---xr--r-- 1 root mail 302108 11-30 08:39 log2012.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 61 11-30 08:39 log2013.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2014.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2015.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2016.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root users 0 11-30 08:39 log2017.log
说明：
实例4：改变指定目录以及其子目录下的所有文件的拥有者和群组
命令：
chown -R -v root:mail test6
输出：
[root@localhost test]# ll drwxr-xr-x 2 root users 4096 11-30 08:39 test6 [root@localhost test]# chown -R -v root:mail test6 “test6/log2014.log” 的所有者已更改为 root:mail “test6/linklog.log” 的所有者已更改为 root:mail “test6/log2015.log” 的所有者已更改为 root:mail “test6/log2013.log” 的所有者已更改为 root:mail “test6/log2012.log” 的所有者已保留为 root:mail “test6/log2017.log” 的所有者已更改为 root:mail “test6/log2016.log” 的所有者已更改为 root:mail “test6” 的所有者已更改为 root:mail [root@localhost test]# ll drwxr-xr-x 2 root mail 4096 11-30 08:39 test6 [root@localhost test]# cd test6 [root@localhost test6]# ll 总计 604 ---xr--r-- 1 root mail 302108 11-30 08:39 linklog.log ---xr--r-- 1 root mail 302108 11-30 08:39 log2012.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root mail 61 11-30 08:39 log2013.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root mail 0 11-30 08:39 log2014.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root mail 0 11-30 08:39 log2015.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root mail 0 11-30 08:39 log2016.log -rw-r--r-- 1 root mail 0 11-30 08:39 log2017.log