The state command of the linux command summary
The ls command and its many parameters provide some very useful file information. Another lesser-known command, stat , provides some more useful information.
man stat
The following demonstrates the information displayed by stat without arguments:
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[root@Gin scripts]# stat date.txt File: `date.txt' Size: 40 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file Device: 803h/2051d Inode: 261790 Links: 1 Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root) Access: 2017-01-29 10:49:25.119790781 +0800 Modify: 2017-01-29 10:49:11.961790098 +0800 Change: 2017-01-29 10:49:11.961790098 +0800 |
Note the information you get with this command: in addition to the usual file size (which can also be obtained with the ls -l command), you also get the number of blocks the file occupies. The usual Linux block size is 512 bytes, so a file of size 93,300,148 bytes will occupy (93300148/512 =) 182226.85 blocks. Since the blocks are fully occupied, the file uses some integer number of blocks. Get the exact number of blocks without guessing.
You can also get the GID and UID of file ownership , and the octal representation of permissions (6751) from the above output . If you want to restore the file to the same permissions it has now, you can use chmod 6751oracle instead of spelling out the permissions explicitly.
The most useful part of the above output is the file access timestamp information. The output shows that the file was accessed at 2006-08-0404:30:52 (displayed next to "Access:" ), which is 4:30:52 AM on August 4 , 2006 . This is when someone starts using the database. The file was modified at 2005-11-02 11:49:47 (displayed next to "Modify:" ). Finally, the timestamp next to "Change:" shows when the file status changed.
The modifier -f of the stat command shows information about the filesystem (not the file):
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[root@Gin scripts]# stat -f date.txt File: "date.txt" ID: ff0d2532e41897c0 Namelen: 255 Type: ext2/ext3 Block size: 4096 Fundamental block size: 4096 Blocks: Total: 1851748 Free: 1286127 Available: 1190396 Inodes: Total: 479552 Free: 409340 |
The other option -t shows the exact same information, just on one line:
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[root@Gin scripts]# stat -t date.txt date.txt 40 8 81a4 0 0 803 261790 1 0 0 1485658165 1485658151 1485658151 4096 |
This is useful for shell scripts, where a simple cut command can be used to get the value for further processing.
Applications:
How to obtain the digital content corresponding to the permissions of the file after the stat /poe command, such as -rw-r--r-- is 644 , it is required to use the command to obtain a number such as 644 or 0644 .
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[root@Gin scripts]# stat date.txt File: `date.txt' Size: 40 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 4096 regular file Device: 803h/2051d Inode: 261790 Links: 1 Access: (0644/-rw-r--r--) Uid: ( 0/ root) Gid: ( 0/ root) Access: 2017-01-29 10:49:25.119790781 +0800 Modify: 2017-01-29 10:49:11.961790098 +0800 Change: 2017-01-29 10:49:11.961790098 +0800 [root@Gin scripts]# stat -c %a date.txt 644 |
引用：http://www.cnblogs.com/ginvip/p/6539393.html
细节影响成败，感谢 琴酒网络 的总结整理。