Finally figured out a problem. Linux creates timed tasks and executes sql regularly, which is divided into two cases.
Case1 has fewer sql statements, so write sql statements directly in the shell script. as follows:
[oracle@Oracle11g scripts]$ cat add_data.sh
#!/bin/bash
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=prod; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_UNQNAME=prod; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ora11g; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
sqlplus test/test <<EOF
spool /home/oracle/scripts/add_data.log append --此处添加spool 为了取到sql的具体操作，留作日志
insert into test values(sysdate);
commit;
spool off
exit;
case2 has many sql statements, so the sql script is rearranged, and then the sql script is written in the shell script. as follows:
[oracle@Oracle11g scripts]$ cat add_data02.sh
#!/bin/bash
ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle; export ORACLE_BASE
ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/db_1; export ORACLE_HOME
ORACLE_SID=prod; export ORACLE_SID
ORACLE_UNQNAME=prod; export ORACLE_UNQNAME
ORACLE_TERM=xterm; export ORACLE_TERM
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=ora11g; export ORACLE_HOSTNAME
PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH; export PATH
PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH; export PATH
sqlplus test/test <<EOF
spool /home/oracle/scripts/add_data02.log append
@/home/oracle/scripts/add_data.sql ---此处 add_data.sql 就是所要执行的sql脚本
spool off
exit;
sql脚本add_data.sql 如下：
[oracle@Oracle11g scripts]$ cat add_data.sql
insert into test values(sysdate+1);
commit;