---
Today, I ordered a 1TB hard drive from Newegg to install Ubuntu. Of course, I have to do my homework first and check the precautions! Basic skills, formatting commands, take formatting /dev/ sda1 partition as an example: $ sudo umount /dev/ sda1 # This partition must be unmounted first # Format as FAT partition $ sudo mkfs.vfat -F 32 /dev/sda1 # The -F parameter must be capitalized. The parameters are 12 , 16 and 32 , corresponding to FAT12, FAT16, and FAT32 respectively. # Format as an NTFS partition, first install ntfsprogs, take Ubuntu / Debian as an example: $ sudo apt-get install ntfsprogs #Then execute the format command, take formatting the /dev/ sda1 partition as an example: $ sudo umount /dev/ sda1 # This partition must be unmounted first $ sudo mkfs.ntfs /dev/ sda1 # Formatting to ntfs is a bit slow. # Format to ext4 / 3 / 2 , take the format of the /dev/ sda1 partition as an example: $ sudo umount /dev/ sda1 # This partition must be unmounted first $ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/ sda1 # format as ext4 partition $ sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/ sda1 # format as ext3 partition $ sudo mkfs.ext2 /dev/ sda1 # format as ext2 partition Since the partitions of the ext series have a reserved space for the super user, they must occupy a certain percentage. The default is 5 %. In this way, I don't think that formatting a partition with a small capacity, 5 % is not much, but if it is a few hundred G , 1T partition will have problems, in this case , 5 % is not a small amount! "Solution" 1. For the partition to be formatted, take ext3 as an example: $ sudo umount /dev/sda1 # The partition must be unmounted first, the /dev/ sda1 partition to be formatted here. $ sudo mkfs.ext3 -m 0.05 /dev/sda1 # Note that the parameter after -m is already set to percentile, here it is set to 0.05 , which is 0.05 % , which is 5 / 10,000 ! Well, take a 1T partition as an example, 1T = 1024GB = 1048576MB (all are multiplied by 1024), 1048576MB* 0.0005 = 524 .288MB. That is to say , after setting the -m parameter, the reserved area is about 524MB. Of course you can set it according to your liking. 2. For a partition that has been formatted and do not want to wipe out the data in the partition, you can use the method of tune2fs -m : # This command does not need to unmount the partition first. $ sudo tune2fs -m 0.05 /dev/sda2 # This example is to convert the super user reserved area of the /dev/sda2 partition, which is also set to 0.05 , and once reminded, it is 0.05 %, which is 5 / 10,000 . linux
---